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Problem-solving skills and hardiness as protective factors against stress in Iranian nurses

Abdollahi A, Talib MA, Yaacob SN, Ismail Z

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2014 Feb;35(2):100-7.
PMID: 24502467 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2013.843621

Nursing is a stressful occupation, even when compared with other health professions; therefore, it is necessary to advance our knowledge about the protective factors that can help reduce stress among nurses. The present study sought to investigate the associations among problem-solving skills and hardiness with perceived stress in nurses. The participants, 252 nurses from six private hospitals in Tehran, completed the Personal Views Survey, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Problem-Solving Inventory. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyse the data and answer the research hypotheses. As expected, greater hardiness was associated with low levels of perceived stress, and nurses low in perceived stress were more likely to be considered approachable, have a style that relied on their own sense of internal personal control, and demonstrate effective problem-solving confidence. These findings reinforce the importance of hardiness and problem-solving skills as protective factors against perceived stress among nurses, and could be important in training future nurses so that hardiness ability and problem-solving skills can be imparted, allowing nurses to have more ability to control their perceived stress.
Drivers for Change in Mental Health Provision in Four Diverse Countries

Arthur D, Foong A, McMaster R, Cleary M

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2020 Mar;41(3):261-264.
PMID: 31917620 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1701931
Impact of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depressive Symptoms Reduction among Depressed Patients in Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Musa ZA, Soh KL, Mukhtar F, Soh KY, Oladele TO, Soh KG

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2021 Jul;42(7):667-675.
PMID: 32996802 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2020.1821139

Depression is a common mental health disease with a high risk of relapse in people with a mental health condition. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) showed higher efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms and prevent relapse for depressed patients. The study examined the effectiveness of MBCT versus the control group (CG) for the depression symptom reduction. A controlled trial was used to examine the effectiveness of MBCT or CG on depressive patients in Nigeria. Out of 357 screened subjects, 101 patients were randomized to receive either MBCT (n = 50) or CG (n = 51) and prospectively followed for 2 months. The intervention delivered according to the published manuals, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess MDD severity among the patients. All assessments were conducted at three levels (baseline, 2 and 4 months). At the end of the 8 weeks of MBCT intervention, MBCT participants did not have significantly fewer depressive symptoms compared to those in the CG. However, the MBCT group had a significant depressive symptom reduction after 2 month follow up. The findings are in line with other studies, which show MBCT significantly decreased depression severity and improved treatment response rates after 2 months follow up, confirmed MBCT viability in the management of MDD.
The Impact of Combined Music and Tai Chi on Depressive Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Older Persons: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Liao SJ, Tan MP, Chong MC, Chua YP

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2018 May;39(5):398-402.
PMID: 29436896 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1417519

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of pharmacological treatment may be limited in older persons. Several studies using Tai Chi or music therapy separately confirmed positive effects in the reduction of depressive symptoms. We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate the possible synergistic effect of combined music and Tai Chi on depressive symptoms.
METHODS: One hundred and seven older adults with mild to moderate depressive symptoms were recruited from Ya'an city. Fifty-five participants were cluster randomized to combined music and Tai Chi group for three months, while the other fifty-two individuals were randomized to the control group that entailed routine health education delivered monthly by community nurses. The primary outcome of depressive symptoms was measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) at baseline and monthly for three months.
RESULTS: At three-month follow-up, a statistically significant improvement in depressive symptoms was found in the intervention group compared with control group (F(3,315) = 69.661, P < 0.001). Following adjustments for socio-demographic data, the true effect of intervention on depressive symptoms was significant (F = 41.725, P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.574).
CONCLUSIONS: Combined music and Tai Chi reduced depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older persons. This represents an economically viable solution to the management of depression in highly populous developing nations.
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among the Malay Muslim Transgender Women in Northern Malaysia: A Mixed-Methods Study

Rashid A, Afiqah SN

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2023 Nov;44(11):1124-1132.
PMID: 37738219 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2242488

The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among the Malay Muslim transgender women in the northwestern states of Peninsular Malaysia. This mixed-method, quantitative and qualitative, study was conducted in collaboration with a nongovernmental organization that works incognito to advocate and help transgender women. Participants were recruited using a snowball method. A self-administered questionnaire was used that included information related to the demographic background of participants, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and Oslo-3 Social Support Scale. For the qualitative part of the study, 13 in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide in the Malay language. The study showed the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 33.3% (n = 47), 48.2% (n = 68), and 26.2% (n = 37), respectively. Difficulty in finding employment was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress, whereas a history of physical abuse was also significantly associated with anxiety, and being ostracized by friends was significantly associated with depression. During in-depth interviews, suicidal thoughts were mentioned by several respondents and many lamented poor support from family and cisgender friends, and they complained of societal pressure. In addition to being physically and verbally abused, some also complained about cyberbullying. There is an urgent need to identify those with mental distress among transgender women in Malaysia to enable early interventions. More research is needed to identify mental health issues among transgender women and highlight these issues to sensitize the general public to their problems.
"What Can I Do to Not Have This Life"? A Qualitative Study of Paternal Postnatal Depression Experiences among Fathers in the United Kingdom

Davenport C, Swami V

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2023 Dec;44(12):1188-1199.
PMID: 37819864 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2262574

Understandings of paternal postnatal depression (PND) in fathers from the United Kingdom (UK) have received limited attention, particularly in view of changing dynamics of contemporary parenthood. To rectify this, eight UK fathers with PND took part in one-to-one interviews, with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis used to understand their lived experiences. Our findings demonstrate that UK fathers with PND experienced extremely distressing emotions, including anger and misery, after their babies are born. Their working practices were highly relevant to their fatherhood, with working considered a key responsibility and a source of stress, but also a "legitimate" escape from the home. Fathers' relationships with their partners were experienced as less intimate and conflicted. Fathers often hid their feelings to protect their partners, but also reported their partners as being aware of their challenging and difficult emotions. Healthcare providers should be professionally curious about fathers' mental health and consider the assistance of mothers in identifying cases of paternal PND.