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Three-dimensional pharyngeal airway changes in dento-skeletal class II patients after two-jaw orthognathic surgery with segmentation - a pilot study

Tan SK, Tang ATH, Leung WK, Zwahlen RA

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2018 Dec;119(6):461-468.
PMID: 30099221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.07.004

PURPOSE: To investigate short- and long-term post-surgical three-dimensional changes of pharyngeal airway morphology and hyoid bone position in dento-skeletal class II deformity patients after two-jaw surgery with segmentation.
METHODS: Relations between skeletal movement, hyoid bone position and three-dimensional pharyngeal airway changes were retrospectively analyzed on pre- and post-surgical CBCTs in dento-skeletal class II patients who underwent orthognathic two-jaw surgery with segmentation.
RESULTS: While long-term significant reductions in length (P= 0.003), surface area (P= 0.042) and volume (P= 0.004) were found in the nasopharynx, the highly significant increases in oropharyngeal airway length, surface area, volume and the minimal cross-sectional area (P
A systematic review of the computerized tools and digital techniques applied to fabricate nasal, auricular, orbital and ocular prostheses for facial defect rehabilitation

Farook TH, Jamayet NB, Abdullah JY, Rajion ZA, Alam MK

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020 Jun;121(3):268-277.
PMID: 31610244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.10.003

A systematic review was conducted in early 2019 to evaluate the articles published that dealt with digital workflow, CAD, rapid prototyping and digital image processing in the rehabilitation by maxillofacial prosthetics. The objective of the review was to primarily identify the recorded cases of orofacial rehabilitation made by maxillofacial prosthetics using computer assisted 3D printing. Secondary objectives were to analyze the methods of data acquisition recorded with challenges and limitations documented with various software in the workflow. Articles were searched from Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar based on the predetermined eligibility criteria. Thirty-nine selected papers from 1992 to 2019 were then read and categorized according to type of prosthesis described in the papers. For nasal prostheses, Common Methods of data acquisition mentioned were computed tomography, photogrammetry and laser scanners. After image processing, computer aided design (CAD) was used to design and merge the prosthesis to the peripheral healthy tissue. Designing and printing the mold was more preferred. Moisture and muscle movement affected the overall fit especially for prostheses directly designed and printed. For auricular prostheses, laser scanning was most preferred. For unilateral defects, CAD was used to mirror the healthy tissue over to the defect side. Authors emphasized on the need of digital library for prostheses selection, especially for bilateral defects. Printing the mold and conventionally creating the prosthesis was most preferred due to issues of proper fit and color matching. Orbital prostheses follow a similar workflow as auricular prosthesis. 3D photogrammetry and laser scans were more preferred and directly printing the prosthesis was favored in various instance. However, ocular prostheses fabrication was recorded to be a challenge due to difficulties in appropriate volume reconstruction and inability to mirror healthy globe. Only successful cases of digitally designed and printed iris were noted.
Coronoid hyperplasia: A review

Goh YC, Tan CC, Lim D

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020 Sep;121(4):397-403.
PMID: 31904534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.12.019

Coronoid hyperplasia is one of the rare causes of progressive limitation of mouth opening due to impingement of the enlarged coronoid process of the mandible on the zygomatic bone. A review was performed on all cases reports and case series on coronoid hyperplasia. Gender, age at treatment, age of onset, types of hyperplasia (unilateral/bilateral), associated history, treatment, surgical approach, preoperative mouth opening, intraoperative mouth opening, mouth opening at follow up and follow up period were recorded and analyzed. A total of 82 articles which reported 115 cases were included. Coronoid hyperplasia was commonly reported at mean age of 22.64 years old with male preponderance. Most of the cases were diagnosed and treated between the age of 11-20 years old. This condition commonly involved bilateral coronoid process of mandible. The mean width of preoperative mouth opening was 16.5mm and was improved to a mean mouth opening of 36.3mm intraoperatively. Mean mouth opening was 34.8mm at an average follow up of 19 months. While the etiopathogenesis of coronoid hyperplasia is still not conclusive, treatment with either coronoidectomy or coronoidotomy produced good improvement in mouth opening.
Severe midface and maxillary hypoplasia in non-cleft and non-syndromic patients: A 2-stage surgical strategy using distraction osteogenesis and orthognathic surgery

Tan CS, Hariri F, Hassan MK

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2023 Jul 04.
PMID: 37406736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101552

Severe midface and maxillary hypoplasia can have an impact on an individual, either on the appearance, functions or psychologically. Based on literature review, severe maxillary hypoplasia with more than 25.0 mm reverse overjet in non-cleft and non-syndromic patients is very rare. It is more often seen in cleft lip and palate and syndromic patients. When the magnitude of correction exceeds the limit of what a single orthognathic surgery can achieve, multiple surgeries would be required, involving different surgical techniques. The authors report two rare cases of non-syndromic nor cleft severe hypoplastic midface and maxilla with 26.0 mm and 27.0 mm reverse overjet, respectively, treated with 2-stage surgery involving maxillary distraction osteogenesis and orthognathic surgery. Both cases recorded reasonably clinical and functional outcomes. The significance of both surgical interventions is further discussed.
Management of Hydatid cysts of parotid glands

Hammoodi SAR, Aftan KT, Ali MR

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2023 Dec;124(6):101465.
PMID: 37030440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101465

Hydatidosis (Echinococcosis) is a disease caused by infestation of hydatid cysts in any organ of body but mainly liver (70% of cases). Hydatidosis of salivary glands is rare and necessitate computerized tomography for diagnosis while fine needle aspiration remains controversial procedure.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 6 patients diagnosed with hydatid cysts of parotid glands. These cases were admitted and treated at the maxillofacial surgery Clinic of the "AL-Ramadi" Hospital in Iraq. 5 patients were female and 1 male with age group was between 30 -50 years. The patients complained of painless unilateral swelling in parotid region and who were diagnosed hydatid cysts using CT. All cases were treated by superficial parotidectomy with cystectomy and preservation of facial nerve.
RESULTS: All hydatid cysts are CE1- type with no recurrences were reported in any of these cases. The postoperative edema was the most common complication. Other complications were not seen.
CONCLUSION: parotid hydatid cyst should be included in differential diagnosis of persistent parotid swelling especially those with history of hepatic hydatid cysts. Computerized tomography is the gold imaging that aid in diagnosis and classification of hydatid cysts. Most cases are CE1 type and Eosinophilia is a sign of concern in some patients. Surgical treatment remains the "gold standard" in therapy.
Combined genioplasty, chondrolaryngoplasty, and glottoplasty: A novel scarless procedure in facial feminization surgery

Labarthe P, Beaudoin PL, Wong E, Garrel R, de Boutray M, Damecourt A

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2023 Dec;124(6S2):101575.
PMID: 37516199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101575

Facial feminization is a long process with multiple surgical steps that is known to improve quality of life in transgender patients. Visible scars are a frequent complaint by this community as it adds to the stigmatization in this population. Combined procedures have been shown to be effective, by reducing the number of hospitalizations and the total length of recovery periods. In this context, we propose a novel scarless procedure combining a chondrolaryngoplasty, a glottoplasty, and a genioplasty using solely a transoral approach. First, we perform a glottoplasty according to the technique described by Wendler et al. and then a contraction genioplasty. Finally, the thyroid cartilage is approached by a subplatysmal dissection, between the mandibular osteotomy fragments. For now, 15 patients have benefited from this procedure in our department. Preliminary results demonstrate that this is an easy and safe procedure with good esthetic results and good patient satisfaction.
Injection of sodium hypochlorite into soft tissues of the oral cavity: A literature review with clinical preventive recommendations

Pai ARV

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2023 Dec;124(6S2):101581.
PMID: 37544507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101581

Injection of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution instead of local anaesthetic (LA) solution is an iatrogenic error with serious consequences including medico-legal implications. Such cases have been reported despite recommended precautionary measures. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on such cases and present clinical preventive recommendations. Electronic search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Scopus, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, and Crossref databases for articles reporting accidental or mistaken or inadvertent injection of NaOCl instead of LA during dental or endodontic treatment. Articles reporting NaOCl accident due to extrusion or injection of NaOCl beyond root confines were excluded. A total of 11 articles were found and reviewed. Data pertaining to the patient, injected NaOCl, cause, clinical manifestations, management, hospitalization, healing and recovery, and long-term or residual effects were extracted, compiled, and analysed for interpretation and discussion. Injection of NaOCl instead of LA into the soft tissues leads to varying clinical manifestations with unpredictable extent, outcome, and recovery period. The onus lies with the clinician to prevent it. Therefore, a clinician must take all the precautionary measures and confirm the identity of LA and NaOCl solutions before delivering them. The presented clinical recommendations assist clinicians to prevent it, including its potential medico-legal consequences. However, in case of such an unfortunate event, it is crucial to immediately identify and quickly manage it to limit the tissue damage or complications.
ChatGPT revisited: Using ChatGPT-4 for finding references and editing language in medical scientific articles

Alyasiri OM, Salman AM, Akhtom D, Salisu S

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2024 Mar 21.
PMID: 38521243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101842

The attainment of academic superiority relies heavily upon the accessibility of scholarly resources and the expression of research findings through faultless language usage. Although modern tools, such as the Publish or Perish software program, are proficient in sourcing academic papers based on specific keywords, they often fall short of extracting comprehensive content, including crucial references. The challenge of linguistic precision remains a prominent issue, particularly for research papers composed by non-native English speakers who may encounter word usage errors. This manuscript serves a twofold purpose: firstly, it reassesses the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4 in the context of retrieving pertinent references tailored to specific research topics. Secondly, it introduces a suite of language editing services that are skilled in rectifying word usage errors, ensuring the refined presentation of research outcomes. The article also provides practical guidelines for formulating precise queries to mitigate the risks of erroneous language usage and the inclusion of spurious references. In the ever-evolving realm of academic discourse, leveraging the potential of advanced AI, such as ChatGPT-4, can significantly enhance the quality and impact of scientific publications.
PREVALENCE OF OCCULT CERVICAL LYMPH NODES METASTASIS IN CN0 IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (OSCC)

Zainal FR, Rahman ZAA, Hock DLK, Seng CS, Chuan TC

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2024 Sep 08.
PMID: 39255915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.102070

Occult metastasis is not easily detected clinically or radiographically. Various methods have been applied for neck control for clinically N0 via elective neck dissection (END), wait and watch (W&W) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The main aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of occult cervical lymph nodes metastasis in cN0 in oral squamous cell carcinoma, to investigate and compare the disease-free state and overall survival rate between occult metastasis and the non-occult group that presented at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya. This is a retrospective study involving 48 patients with complete data from 2008 to 2019. Data collected includes socio-demographic and clinicopathologic factors. Descriptive analysis was performed and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare disease-free status and overall survival period between occult and non-occult metastases groups. The prevalence of occult metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was low at 8.3% but it became 100% on OSCC tongue. The main tumor site for occult metastasis originated from the oral tongue with T2 size. Non-occult group had better overall survival rate comparing to occult metastasis group and the advanced group. Therefore, END is recommended particularly for N0 OSCC tongue.