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Fulltext Phylogenetic and Transcripts Profiling of Glucose Sensing Related Genes in Candida glabrata

Ng TS, Mohd Desa MN, Sandai D, Chong PP, Than LT

Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2015 Nov;8(11):e25177.

BACKGROUND: The sensing mechanism of glucose in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well studied. However, such information is scarcely found in other yeast species such as Candida glabrata.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the glucose sensing pathway related genes of C. glabrata and to analyze the regulation pattern of these genes in response to different surrounding glucose concentrations through the quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phylogenetic analysis was carried out on predicted amino acid sequences of C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae to compare their degree of similarity. In addition, the growth of C. glabrata in response to different amounts of glucose (0%, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1% and 2%) was evaluated via the spot dilution assay on prepared agar medium. Besides, the SNF3 and RGT2, which act as putative glucose sensors, and the RGT1 and MIG1, which act as putative transcriptional regulators and selected downstream hexose transporters (HXTs), were analysed through qRT-PCR analysis for the gene expression level under different glucose concentrations.

RESULTS: Comparative analysis of predicted amino acids in the phylogenetic tree showed high similarity between C. glabrata and S cerevisiae. Besides, C. glabrata demonstrated the capability to grow in glucose levels as low as 0.01% in the spot dilution assay. In qRT-PCR analysis, differential expressions were observed in selected genes when C. glabrata was subjected to different glucose concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS: The constructed phylogenetic tree suggests the close evolutionary relationship between C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae. The capability of C. glabrata to grow in extremely low glucose environments and the differential expression of selected glucose-sensing related genes suggested the possible role of these genes in modulating the growth of C. glabrata in response to different glucose concentrations. This study helps deepen our understanding of the glucose sensing mechanism in C. glabrata and serves to provide fundamental data that may assist in unveiling this mechanism as a potential drug target.

Fulltext Anti-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity and Optimal Culture Condition of Streptomyces sp. SUK 25

Siti Junaidah A, Suhaini S, Mohd Sidek H, Basri DF, Zin NM

Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2015 May;8(5):e16784.

PMID: 26060562 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.16784

The potential of secondary metabolites extracted from Streptomyces sp. to treat bacterial infections including infections with Staphylococcus aureus is previously documented. The current study showed significant antimicrobial activities associated with endophytic Streptomyces sp. isolated from medicinal plants in Peninsular Malaysia.

Fulltext Detection of medically important Candida species by absolute quantitation real-time polymerase chain reaction

Than LT, Chong PP, Ng KP, Seow HF

Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2015 Jan;8(1):e14940.

PMID: 25789129 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.14940

The number of invasive candidiasis cases has risen especially with an increase in the number of immunosuppressed and immunocom promised patients. The early detection of Candida species which is specific and sensitive is important in determining the correct administration of antifungal drugs to patients.

The Role of Isocitrate Lyase (ICL1) in the Metabolic Adaptation of Candida albicans Biofilms

Ishola OA, Ting SY, Tabana YM, Ahmed MA, Yunus MA, Mohamed R, et al.

Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2016 Sep;9(9):e38031.

PMID: 27800147

A major characteristic of Candida biofilm cells that differentiates them from free-floating cells is their high tolerance to antifungal drugs. This high resistance is attributed to particular biofilm properties, including the accumulation of extrapolymeric substances, morphogenetic switching, and metabolic flexibility.

Resistance of Candida albicans Biofilms to Drugs and the Host Immune System

Sandai D, Tabana YM, Ouweini AE, Ayodeji IO

Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2016 Nov;9(11):e37385.

PMID: 28138373 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.37385

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that resides on mucosal surfaces and in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts in humans. However, it can cause an infection when the immune system of the host is impaired or if a niche becomes available. Many C. albicans infections are due to the organism's ability to form a biofilm on implanted medical devices. A biofilm represents an optimal medium for the growth of C. albicans as it allows cells to be enclosed by a self-produced extracellular matrix (ECM).

Evaluation of APR1 Gene Expression in Candida albicans Strains Isolated From Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Amri Saroukolaei S, Ghabaee M, Shokri H, Khosravi A, Badiei A

Jundishapur J Microbiol, 2016 May;9(5):e33292.

PMID: 27540458 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.33292

Intracellular aspartic proteinase A enzyme is expressed by the APR1 gene and is one of the important factors in the development of systemic candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.

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