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Fulltext In vitro fertilization outcome in severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: An age-matched contemporaneous control study

Ng SP, Rashid Mr Z, Kumar J, Ng SC

Reprod. Med. Biol., 2005 Sep;4(3):207-211.
PMID: 29699224 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0578.2005.00107.x

Aim: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially life-threatening, iatrogenic complication of assisted reproduction and has been associated with poor in vitro fertilization outcome. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pregnancy rate and outcome following severe OHSS, at a single center over a three-year period. Methods: The incidence of severe OHSS at the IVF Center, National University of Singapore, in Singapore, was 4% (48 cases over 1200 cycles) during the period of 1997-2000. The present retrospective study compared 48 cases of severe OHSS to 144 age-matched, contemporaneous controls without OHSS. Results: The total gonadotropin required for severe OHSS group was found to be lower than for that of controls (2664.06 ± 768.29 IU vs 3349.58 ± 2003.73 IU), although duration of stimulation was similar. The OHSS group was associated with a fivefold increase (OR 5.293, 95% CI: 2.116-13.238) in pregnancy rate compared to controls (87.5% vs 56.9%; P 0.05) and miscarriage rates (14% vs 7.3%; P > 0.05) between the groups. Conclusion: Severe OHSS at our center were mostly late onset. The pregnancy rate was significantly higher, but multiple pregnancy and miscarriage rates were not significantly increased when compared to the age-matched contemporaneous controls. (Reprod Med Biol 2005; 4: 207-211).
Nicotine and endometrial decidual growth in pseudopregnant rats

Siti Norashikin MT, Ghosh S, Chatterjee R, Rajikin MH, Chatterjee A

Reprod. Med. Biol., 2014 Jul;13(3):135-141.
PMID: 29699157 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-013-0174-9

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the effects of nicotine on the endometrial decidual growth and levels of estrogen and progesterone in pseudopregnant rats.
Methods: Pseudopregnancy (pc) was induced in cyclic Sprague-Dawley rats by sterile mating. Subcutaneous injection of nicotine tartrate (7.5 mg/kg/day) was scheduled from day 1 through day 5, day 5 through day 9 or day 1 through day 9 of pc. In another group of pseudopregnant rats, concomitant treatment of nicotine tartrate concurrently with progesterone (2 mg/day) was scheduled from day 1 through day 9 pc. Control groups received subcutaneous injections of vehicle only. Endometrial decidualization was induced on day 5 pc. On day 10 pc, animals were sacrificed.The degree of decidual growth and circulating levels of estrogen and progesterone were measured.
Results: The decidual growth in all the first three nicotine-treated groups of animals was significantly reduced, particularly in the animals treated with nicotine from day 1 through day 9 pc. Plasma estrogen levels were significantly elevated in animals treated with nicotine from day 1 through day 9 pc. Conversely, levels of plasma progesterone were found to be significantly attenuated in the same group of nicotine-treated animals compared to controls. Exogenous replacement of progesterone, however, caused a higher degree of endometrial decidualization compared to the nicotine-treated group but it was slightly less than when compared to control.
Conclusions: In conclusion, nicotine-induced progesterone deficiency with a corresponding elevation of estrogen may possibly attenuate the degree of endometrial decidualization in pseudopregnant rats.

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