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  1. Fulltext Recovery of Bordetella bronchiseptica sequence type 82 and B. pseudohinzii from urban rats in Terengganu, Malaysia
    Loong SK, Che-Mat-Seri NA, Abdulrazak O, Douadi B, Ahmad-Nasrah SN, Johari J, et al.
    J Vet Med Sci, 2018 Jan 27;80(1):77-84.
    PMID: 29237995 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0218
    Rodents have historically been associated with zoonotic pandemics that claimed the lives of large human populations. Appropriate pathogen surveillance initiatives could contribute to early detection of zoonotic infections to prevent future outbreaks. Bordetella species are bacteria known to cause mild to severe respiratory disease in mammals and, some have been described to infect, colonize and spread in rodents. There is a lack of information on the population diversity of bordetellae among Malaysian wild rodents. Here, bordetellae recovered from lung tissues of wild rats were genotypically characterized using 16S rDNA sequencing, MLST and nrdA typing. A novel B. bronchiseptica ST82, closely related to other human-derived isolates, was discovered in three wild rats (n=3) from Terengganu (5.3333° N, 103.1500° E). B. pseudohinzii, a recently identified laboratory mice inhabitant, was also recovered from one rat (n=1). Both bordetellae displayed identical antimicrobial resistance profiles, indicating the close phylogenetic association between them. Genotyping using the 765-bp nrdA locus was shown to be compatible with the MLST-based phylogeny, with the added advantage of being able to genotype non-classical bordetellae. The recovery of B. pseudohinzii from wild rat implied that this bordetellae has a wider host range than previously thought. The findings from this study suggest that bordetellae surveillance among wild rats in Malaysia has to be continued and expanded to other states to ensure early identification of species capable of causing public health disorder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bordetella/classification*; Bordetella/genetics; Bordetella/isolation & purification*; Bordetella Infections/microbiology; Bordetella Infections/epidemiology; Bordetella Infections/veterinary*; Bordetella bronchiseptica/genetics; Bordetella bronchiseptica/isolation & purification
  2. Fulltext Pertussis clinical case definition: Time for change in developing countries?
    Gopal Krishnan S, Fun WH, Ramadras MD, Yunus R, Lye YF, Sararaks S
    PLoS One, 2019;14(7):e0219534.
    PMID: 31291359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219534
    BACKGROUND: Developing countries still struggle with late detection and mortality from pertussis. A review of clinical case definitions is necessary for early disease detection. This paper aimed to study possible clinical characteristics for earlier pertussis detection in a sporadic setting.

    METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of medical and laboratory records in a general paediatric ward of a district hospital in a developing country. Inclusion criteria were all children hospitalised with nasopharyngeal swab taken for Bordetella pertussis. We compared sensitivity and specificity of World Health Organization diagnostic criteria with other clinical characteristics. Polymerase chain reaction Bordetella pertussis was the gold standard used.

    RESULTS: Out of 207 eligible admissions, the study retrieved 128 complete records. Approximately half of the children were less than 3 months old. The World Health Organization diagnostic criteria had a low sensitivity (15%), but high specificity (92%). In comparison, combinations that included paroxysmal cough, ill contact and facial congestion had higher sensitivity. Increasing cough duration improved specificity while compromising sensitivity.

    CONCLUSION: Several clinical characteristics such as paroxysmal cough, facial congestion and a history of ill contact have potential for early clinical detection. Conventional emphasis on cough duration may hamper early detection.

    Matched MeSH terms: Bordetella pertussis/genetics; Bordetella pertussis/isolation & purification*
  3. Fulltext Molecular and antimicrobial analyses of non-classical Bordetella isolated from a laboratory mouse
    Loong SK, Mahfodz NH, Wali HA, Talib SA, Nasrah SN, Wong PF, et al.
    J Vet Med Sci, 2016 May 3;78(4):715-7.
    PMID: 26782013 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0472
    Accurate identification and separation of non-classical Bordetella species is very difficult. These species have been implicated in animal infections. B. hinzii, a non-classical Bordetella, has been isolated from mice in experimental facilities recently. We isolated and characterized one non-classical Bordetella isolate from the trachea and lung of an ICR mouse. Isolate BH370 was initially identified as B. hinzii by 16S ribosomal DNA and ompA sequencing. Additionally, isolate BH370 also displayed antimicrobial sensitivity profiles similar to B. hinzii. However, analyses of nrdA sequences determined its identity as Bordetella genogroup 16. The isolation of BH370 from a healthy mouse suggests the possibility of it being a commensal. The nrdA gene was demonstrated to possess greater phylogenetic resolution as compared with 16S ribosomal DNA and ompA for the discrimination of non-classical Bordetella species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bordetella
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