A 23 year old female with a past history of a lung abscess diagnosed at the age of 13 years presented with recurrent episodes of productive cough. Chest radiograph and a high resolution CT scan of the thorax led to the diagnosis of a left lower lobe lung abscess. She underwent a successful thoracotomy and a left lower lobe lobectomy. Histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis of an infected congenital bronchogenic cyst. The recent literature on this is reviewed.