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Association between gastrointestinal cancers and fingerprint patterns in the Iranian population

Abbasi S, Rasouli M

Genet. Mol. Res., 2017 Sep 21;16(3).
PMID: 28973742 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16039762

Gastrointestinal cancers are malignant diseases with high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of patients could improve the results of treatment. Many studies used dermatoglyphics as a biomarker to predict the incidence of genetic diseases and cancers. This study assessed the association between gastrointestinal cancers and particular fingerprint patterns, which could be useful in early diagnosis of these malignancies. The study was conducted on 153 histopathologically confirmed gastrointestinal cancer patients and 299 healthy individuals. The fingerprints were taken by a specific method of rolling the subject's fingers or thumbs in ink. The data were analyzed for the significance using the chi-square test and the t-test. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Dermatoglyphic analysis showed that whorl and loop patterns significantly changed in the case group as compared to control. However, the odds ratio suggested that whorl pattern in 6 or more fingers might be a risk factor for developing gastrointestinal cancers. Our results showed that there is an association between fingerprint patterns and gastrointestinal cancers, and so, the dermatoglyphic analysis may aid in the early diagnosis of these cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology
Fulltext Malignant melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract presenting as a bleeding gastric ulcer

Noraidah M, Jasmi AY

Malays J Pathol, 2003 Jun;25(1):57-61.
PMID: 16196379

Malignant melanoma involving the gastrointestinal tract is diagnosed antemortem in only a small percentage of patients with the disease. Presenting symptoms are often non-specific, causing a diagnostic problem. The vast majority of such melanomas are metastatic from a cutaneous primary, however there is evidence that the tumour can arise de novo in the gastrointestinal system. We report a 74-year-old man with malignant melanoma with an unusual presentation simulating a symptomatic gastric ulcer. He presented with epigastric pain, haematemesis and melaena. Explorative laparotomy revealed a large ulcerated tumour with several pigmented satellite nodules in the proximal stomach, multiple ileal nodules and widespread nodal and liver metastases. Proximal gastrectomy and limited small bowel resection was performed. Histology revealed the tumour to be composed of nests of epithelioid cells with melanin pigment. The tumour cells showed immunohistochemical positivity for S100 protein and HMB45 antibodies. This report emphasizes that melanoma should be a diagnostic consideration in patients with gastric ulcer.

Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology*
Variant Alleles in XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln Polymorphisms Increase Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Sabah, North Borneo

Halim NH, Chong ET, Goh LP, Chuah JA, See EU, Chua KH, et al.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2016;17(4):1925-31.
PMID: 27221877

BACKGROUND: The XRCC1 protein facilitates various DNA repair pathways; single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this gene are associated with a risk of gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) with inconsistent results, but no data have been previously reported for the Sabah, North Borneo, population. We accordingly investigated the XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln SNPs in terms of GIC risk in Sabah.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed genotyping for both SNPs for 250 GIC patients and 572 healthy volunteers using a polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism approach. We validated heterozygosity and homozygosity for both SNPs using direct sequencing.
RESULTS: The presence of a variant 194Trp allele in the Arg194Trp SNP was significantly associated with a higher risk of GIC, especially with gastric and colorectal cancers. We additionally found that the variant 399Gln allele in Arg399Gln SNP was associated with a greater risk of developing gastric cancer. Our combined analysis revealed that inheritance of variant alleles in both SNPs increased the GIC risk in Sabah population. Based on our etiological analysis, we found that subjects ≥50 years and males who carrying the variant 194Trp allele, and Bajau subjects carrying the 399Gln allele had a significantly increased risk of GIC.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that inheritance of variant alleles in XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln SNPs may act as biomarkers for the early detection of GIC, especially for gastric and colorectal cancers in the Sabah population.

Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology
Fulltext Histomorphology and Immunohistochemistry of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in a Malaysian Population

Kkrishnappa P, Loh EJ, Mohamad IB, Tata MD, Akhilesh M, Palayan K

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2016;17(6):2795-9.
PMID: 27356692

PURPOSE: To study histomorphological and immunohistochemical patterns of gastro-intestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) in Malaysia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 29 GIST cases from Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Seremban ,were studied retrospectively over a period of 10 years from January 2002 to December 2011. Patient demographic data like age, sex and etnicity were collected. Tumour characteristics like site, maximum dimension and specimen type were analysed. Evaluation was according to established criteria into very low, low, intermediate and high-risk categories. Immunohistochemical characteristics were also analysed.

RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 59.7 years. Males (59%) were found to be more commonly affected than females (41%). The Chinese (45%) were commonly affected than Malays (41%), and Indians (10%). The most common symptom was pain in the abdomen (13.8%). More than half of the cases were seen in stomach (53%). The tumour size ranged from 1.5 cm to 17 cm with a mean of 6.94cm. Microscopic findings revealed that the spindle cell type was the most common (76%). It was observed that the majority of the cases (48%) were categorised in the intermediate risk group. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for CD117 (78.6%), CD34 (71.4%), vimentin (86.2%), S-100 (27.6%), SMA (35.7%), PKC THETA (46.4%) and PDGRFA (67.9%).

Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology*
Fulltext Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of New Indolylpyrimidylpiperazines for Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy

Tan A, Babak MV, Venkatesan G, Lim C, Klotz KN, Herr DR, et al.

Molecules, 2019 Oct 11;24(20).
PMID: 31614517 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203661

Human A3 adenosine receptor hA3AR has been implicated in gastrointestinal cancer, where its cellular expression has been found increased, thus suggesting its potential as a molecular target for novel anticancer compounds. Observation made in our previous work indicated the importance of the carbonyl group of amide in the indolylpyrimidylpiperazine (IPP) for its human A2A adenosine receptor (hA2AAR) subtype binding selectivity over the other AR subtypes. Taking this observation into account, we structurally modified an indolylpyrimidylpiperazine (IPP) scaffold, 1 (a non-selective adenosine receptors' ligand) into a modified IPP (mIPP) scaffold by switching the position of the carbonyl group, resulting in the formation of both ketone and tertiary amine groups in the new scaffold. Results showed that such modification diminished the A2A activity and instead conferred hA3AR agonistic activity. Among the new mIPP derivatives (3-6), compound 4 showed potential as a hA3AR partial agonist, with an Emax of 30% and EC50 of 2.89 ± 0.55 μM. In the cytotoxicity assays, compound 4 also exhibited higher cytotoxicity against both colorectal and liver cancer cells as compared to normal cells. Overall, this new series of compounds provide a promising starting point for further development of potent and selective hA3AR partial agonists for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology