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Outcomes related to nutrition screening in community living older adults: A systematic literature review

Hamirudin AH, Charlton K, Walton K

Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2016 Jan-Feb;62:9-25.
PMID: 26444749 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.09.007

INTRODUCTION: Nutrition screening is an initial procedure in which the risk of malnutrition is identified. The aims of this review were to identify malnutrition risk from nutrition screening studies that have used validated nutrition screening tools in community living older adults; and to identify types of nutrition interventions, pathways of care and patient outcomes following screening.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for the period from January 1994 until December 2013 using SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, PubMed and COCHRANE databases as well as a manual search. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined for the literature searches and the methodology followed the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS: Fifty-four articles were eligible to be included in the review and malnutrition risk varied from 0% to 83%. This large range was influenced by the different tools used and heterogeneity of study samples. Most of the studies were cross sectional and without a subsequent nutrition intervention component. Types of nutrition intervention that were identified included dietetics care, nutrition education, and referral to Meals on Wheels services and community services. These interventions helped to improve the' nutritional status of older adults.
CONCLUSIONS: Timely nutrition screening of older adults living in the community, if followed up with appropriate intervention and monitoring improves the nutritional status of older adults. This indicates that nutrition intervention should be considered a priority following nutrition screening for malnourished and at risk older adults. Further evaluation of outcomes of nutrition screening and associated interventions, using structured pathways of care, is warranted.
KEYWORDS: Community; Malnutrition; Nutrition intervention; Nutrition screening; Older adults; Outcomes

Matched MeSH terms: Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis*
Nutritional status among pediatric cancer patients: a comparison between hematological malignancies and solid tumors

Tah PC, Nik Shanita S, Poh BK

J Spec Pediatr Nurs, 2012 Oct;17(4):301-11.
PMID: 23009042 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6155.2012.00341.x

This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of pediatric patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors.

Matched MeSH terms: Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis*
Development of a screening tool for detecting undernutrition and dietary inadequacy among rural elderly in Malaysia: simple indices to identify individuals at high risk

Shahar S, Dixon RA, Earland J

Int J Food Sci Nutr, 1999 Nov;50(6):435-44.
PMID: 10719584

Undernutrition and the consumption of poor diets are prevalent among elderly people in developing countries. Recognising the importance of the early identification of individuals at high nutritional risk, this study aimed to develop a simple tool for screening. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 11 randomly selected villages among the 62 in Mersing District, Malaysia. Undernutrition was assessed using body mass index, plasma albumin and haemoglobin on 285 subjects. Dietary inadequacy (a count of nutrients falling below two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowances) was examined for 337 subjects. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of undernutrition and dietary inadequacy from social and health factors, and to derive appropriate indices based on these predictions. The multivariate predictors of undernutrition were 'no joint disease', 'smoker', 'no hypertension', 'depended on others for economic resource', 'respiratory disease', 'perceived weight loss' and 'chewing difficulty', with a joint sensitivity of 56% and specificity of 84%. The equivalent predictors of dietary inadequacy were 'unable to take public transport', 'loss of appetite', 'chewing difficulty', 'no regular fruit intake' and 'regularly taking less than three meals per day', with a joint sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 47%. These predictions, with minor modification to simplify operational use, led to the production of a simple screening tool. The tool can be used by public health professionals or community workers or leaders as a simple and rapid instrument to screen individual at high risk of undernutrition and/or dietary inadequacy.

Matched MeSH terms: Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis*
Fulltext The nutritional status of children in resettlement villages in Kelantan

Zulkifli A, Khairul Anuar A, Atiya AS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1999 Mar;30(1):122-8.
PMID: 10695800

A cross-sectional survey of the nutritional status of children aged 1-10 years old from the Kuala Betis resettlement villages was carried out. A total of 620 children were examined, of which 329 were preschool children and 291 were schoolchildren. The age was determined and anthropometric measurements such as weight, height and MUAC were taken. The nutritional status was assessed by looking at the distributions of the z-scores of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ) in relation to the growth charts of the National Center for Health Statistics reference population. It was found that the nutritional status of the Orang Asli children was poor, with a prevalence of 33.7-65.3% underweight, 55.3-74.4% stunting and 4.4-29.7% wasting based on the NCHS reference values. The prevalence of malnutrition among the Malay children was lower, underweight--7.3-34.1%, stunting--9.8-34.1% and wasting--1.7-17.1%. The nutritional status of the Orang Asli children were poorer compared to the Malay children. More preschool Orang Asli children were stunted compared to the Orang Asli schoolchildren. This may be due to the poor economic base of the Orang Asli community during the transformation period after resettlement. A comprehensive primary health care program is essential, especially targeting the preschool Orang Asli children in these resettlement villages.

Matched MeSH terms: Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis*
The risk of under-nutrition in hospitalised Malaysian children: Use of 3-minute nutrition screening-paediatrics (Paediatric 3-MinNS)

Yeo PS, Majid HA

J Pak Med Assoc, 2024 Jun;74(6):1074-1078.
PMID: 38948974 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.9616

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the under-nutrition risk of children admitted to hospitals using a validated tool.
METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to June 2018 in the paediatrics wards of a tertiary referral paediatric government hospital, a tertiary teaching hospital and a government district hospital in Malaysia. The sample comprised paediatric patients aged 2-12 years within 24-72 hours of hospital admission. Data was collected using the 3-Minute Nutrition Screening-Paediatrics tool. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.
RESULTS: Of the 341 patients screened, 284(83.3%) were included; 170(59.9%) boys and 114(40.1%) girls. The overall median age was 4.85 years (interquartile range: 4.33 years). The median length of hospital stay was 3 days (interquartile range: 3 days). There were 72(25.4%) participants at high under-nutrition risk, with the highest proportion being at the district government hospital 31(33%). Among those with high risk, 5.4% subjects had severe acute malnutrition, 9.7% had severe chronic malnutrition, and 11.1% had severe thinness.
CONCLUSION: The 3-Minute Nutrition Screening-Paediatrics scale was found to be effective as a nutrition screening tool for hospitalised children in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis