MyMedR

The stemness gene expression of cultured human amniotic epithelial cells in serial passages

Simat SF, Chua KH, Abdul Rahman H, Tan AE, Tan GC

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:53-4.

PMID: 19024980

The aim of the study is to evaluate the stemness gene expression of cultured human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs) in serial passages. HAECs obtained from human term placentae were cultured in F12:DMEM(1:1) + 10% FBS +10ng/ml EGF in serial passages (P0, P1, P2 and P4). Quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess the gene expression analysis. The results showed that cultured HAECs expressed and downregulated the stemness genes expression for Oct-4, Sox-2, Nanog3, FGF4, Rex-1, FZD-9, BST-1 ABCG2. However, vimentin and nestin gene expression were upregulated. The results suggested that cultured HAECs may have pluripotent and multipotent properties.

Matched MeSH terms: Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation

Fulltext Stem cell therapies for myocardial infarction in clinical trials: bioengineering and biomaterial aspects

Higuchi A, Ku NJ, Tseng YC, Pan CH, Li HF, Kumar SS, et al.

Lab Invest, 2017 Oct;97(10):1167-1179.

PMID: 28869589 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.100

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability in advanced countries. Stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for acute and chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy. The current status of stem cell therapies for patients with myocardial infarction is discussed from a bioengineering and biomaterial perspective in this review. We describe (a) the current status of clinical trials of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) compared with clinical trials of human adult or fetal stem cells, (b) the gap between fundamental research and application of human stem cells, (c) the use of biomaterials in clinical and pre-clinical studies of stem cells, and finally (d) trends in bioengineering to promote stem cell therapies for patients with myocardial infarction. We explain why the number of clinical trials using hPSCs is so limited compared with clinical trials using human adult and fetal stem cells such as bone marrow-derived stem cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation

Global search for right cell type as a treatment modality for cardiovascular disease

Musa S, Xin LZ, Govindasamy V, Fuen FW, Kasim NH

Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2014 Jan;14(1):63-73.

PMID: 24191782 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.858694

Acute myocardial infarction is the primary cause of heart disease-related death in the world. Reperfusion therapy is currently the backbone of treatment for acute myocardial infarction albeit with many limitations. With the emergence of stem cells as potential therapeutic agents, attempts in using them to enhance cardiac function have increased exponentially. However, it has its own disadvantages, and we postulate that the primary drawback is choosing the right cell type and solving this may significantly contribute to ambitious goal of using stem cells in the regeneration medicine.

Matched MeSH terms: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation*

Dental stem cells as an alternative source for cardiac regeneration

Xin LZ, Govindasamy V, Musa S, Abu Kasim NH

Med Hypotheses, 2013 Oct;81(4):704-6.

PMID: 23932760 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.032

Dental tissues contains stem cells or progenitors that have high proliferative capacity, are clonogenic in vitro and demonstrate the ability to differentiate to multiple type cells involving neurons, bone, cartilage, fat and smooth muscle. Numerous experiments have demonstrated that the multipotent stem cells are not rejected by immune system and therefore it may be possible to use these cells in allogeneic settings. In addition, these remarkable cells are easily abundantly available couple with less invasive procedure in isolating comparing to bone marrow aspiration. Here we proposed dental stem cells as candidate for cardiac regeneration based on its immature characteristic and propensity towards cardiac lineage via PI3-Kinase/Aktsignalling pathway.

Matched MeSH terms: Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation*

Fulltext Induced pluripotent stem cells in research and therapy

Teoh HK, Cheong SK

Malays J Pathol, 2012 Jun;34(1):1-13.

PMID: 22870592 MyJurnal

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are derived from human somatic cells through ectopic expression of transcription factors. This landmark discovery has been considered as a major development towards patient-specific iPSC for various biomedical applications. Unlimited self renewal capacity, pluripotency and ease of accessibility to donor tissues contribute to the versatility of iPSC. The therapeutic potential of iPSC in regenerative medicine, cell-based therapy, disease modelling and drug discovery is indeed very promising. Continuous progress in iPSC technology provides clearer understanding of disease pathogenesis and ultimately new optimism in developing treatment or cure for human diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation

Reprogramming cancer cells: overview & current progress

Lim KL, Teoh HK, Choong PF, Teh HX, Cheong SK, Kamarul T

Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2016 07;16(7):941-51.

PMID: 27070264 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2016.1174211

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is a disease with genetic and epigenetic origins, and the possible effects of reprogramming cancer cells using the defined sets of transcription factors remain largely uninvestigated. In the handful of publications available so far, findings have shown that reprogramming cancer cells changed the characteristics of the cells to differ from the parental cancer cells. These findings indicated the possibility of utilizing reprogramming technology to create a disease model in the laboratory to be used in studying the molecular pathogenesis or for drug screening of a particular cancer model.

AREAS COVERED: Despite numerous methods employed in generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from cancer cells only a few studies have successfully reprogrammed malignant human cells. In this review we will provide an overview on i) methods to reprogram cancer cells, ii) characterization of the reprogrammed cancer cells, and iii) the differential effects of reprogramming on malignancy, epigenetics and response of the cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

EXPERT OPINION: Continued technical progress in cancer cell reprogramming technology will be instrumental for more refined in vitro disease models and ultimately for the development of directed and personalized therapy for cancer patients in the future.

Matched MeSH terms: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation

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