2D carbon materials based photoelectrochemical biosensors for detection of cancer antigens

Tan AYS 1 , Lo NW 2 , Cheng F 3 , Zhang M 4 , Tan MTT 2 , Manickam S 5 Show all authors , Muthoosamy K 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (CENTAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia (UNM), 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 2 Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (CENTAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia (UNM), 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 3 Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China. Electronic address: chengfl@dgut.edu.cn
  • 4 Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
  • 5 Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
  • 6 Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (CENTAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia (UNM), 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: Kasturi.Muthoosamy@nottingham.edu.my
Biosens Bioelectron, 2023 Jan 01;219:114811.
PMID: 36308836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114811

Abstract

Cancer is a leading cause of death globally and early diagnosis is of paramount importance for identifying appropriate treatment pathways to improve cancer patient survival. However, conventional methods for cancer detection such as biopsy, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopy, X-ray and ultrasound are limited and not efficient for early cancer detection. Advancements in molecular technology have enabled the identification of various cancer biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of the deadly disease. The detection of these biomarkers can be done by biosensors. Biosensors are less time consuming compared to conventional methods and has the potential to detect cancer at an earlier stage. Compared to conventional biosensors, photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensors have improved selectivity and sensitivity and is a suitable tool for detecting cancer agents. Recently, 2D carbon materials have gained interest as a PEC sensing platform due to their high surface area and ease of surface modifications for improved electrical transfer and attachment of biorecognition elements. This review will focus on the development of 2D carbon nanomaterials as electrode platform in PEC biosensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers. The working principles, biorecognition strategies and key parameters that influence the performance of the biosensors will be critically discussed. In addition, the potential application of PEC biosensor in clinical settings will also be explored, providing insights into the future perspective and challenges of exploiting PEC biosensors for cancer diagnosis.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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