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Factors influencing the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination: A cross-sectional study from Malaysia

Marzo RR 1 , Ahmad A 2 , Abid K 3 , Khatiwada AP 4 , Ahmed A 5 , Kyaw TM 6 Show all authors , Abidin IBZ 6 , Srithar M 6 , Sinnathamby S 6 , Sarvasundram AP 6 , Shrestha S 5

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Community Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Tata Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Jamshedpur, India
  • 3 Department of Public Health, The Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 4 Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Service, Nepal Health Research and Innovation Foundation, Province Bagmati, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • 5 School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malasya, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Asia Metropolitan University, Johor, Malaysia
Vacunas, 2022 May;23:S33-S40.
PMID: 34483788 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2021.07.007

Abstract

BACKGROUND: With the surge of COVID-19 cases worldwide, vaccines against COVID-19 are also developing across the countries. However, the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination among general people is questionable. The availability of several vaccines' options against COVID-19 has perplexed people regarding individual vaccines' efficacy and safety. Therefore, we aim to determine the acceptance, preferences, impact factors of future COVID-19 vaccines in Malaysia and the factors influencing the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among vaccine demand and vaccine delay groups.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: An online-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among Malaysian residents 18 years and above of either gender using the snowball sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was made available to participants through various social media networks, email, and telegram. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Association between background characteristics and respondents were analyzed using the Chi-square test in the vaccine delay group and vaccine acceptance group.

RESULTS: Total of 1282 responses were considered for the study, mainly from male respondents (71%). Among the respondents, 95.9% thought that vaccination would be an effective way to prevent and control COVID-19, and 96% would accept vaccination if the COVID-19 vaccine were successfully developed and approved for listing in the future. Essential factors influencing vaccination decisions were vaccine convenience (95.7%) and doctor's recommendation (97.3%). Bivariate analysis revealed that age less than 24 years, Malay race, living in urban areas, tertiary education, students, single marital status, family income (Malaysian ringgits) RM 4,850 to RM 10,959 and >RM 10,960 were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance of COVID19 vaccination.

CONCLUSION: All the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates throughout the country should be studied on a larger scale, and appropriate steps to ensure vaccine acceptance among the public should be meticulously devised by the government and related authorities.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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