Role of cell surface proteins and toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Zaipul Anuar NF 1 , Mohd Desa MN 2 , Hussaini J 3 , Wong EH 4 , Mariappan V 5 , Vellasamy KM 6 Show all authors , Palanisamy NK 1

Affiliations 

  • 1 Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 4 School of Medicine, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 5 Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Iran J Basic Med Sci, 2024;27(2):214-222.
PMID: 38234660 DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.72584.15791

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Pneumococcal cell wall (PCW) is an inflammatory component in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The cell surface proteins and the toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling response were investigated in the human lung epithelial (A549) cells inoculated with PCW of different serotypes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The presence of genes encoding these proteins was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The structure of the cell walls was analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The A549 cell line was challenged with PCW extracts of different serotypes. RNA from the infected host cells was extracted and tested against a total of 84 genes associated with TLR signaling pathways (TLR 1-6 and 10) using RT2 Profiler PCR Array.

RESULTS: Cell surface proteins; ply, lytA, nanA, nanB, and cbpD genes were present in all serotypes. The distribution and structure of surface protein genes suggest behavioral changes in the molecules, contributing to the resilience of the strains to antibiotic treatment.

CONCLUSION: TLR2 showed the highest expression, while serotypes 1, 3, and 5 induced higher TNFα and IL-1α, suggesting to be more immunogenic than the other strains tested.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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