Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Computer Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  • 2 Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak, Terengganu, Malaysia
PLoS One, 2024;19(1):e0291714.
PMID: 38261569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291714

Abstract

Synchronization of the chaotic systems has attracted much attention in recent years due to its vital applications in secured communication systems. In this paper, an implementation and comparative analysis of two different control approaches for synchronization between two identical four-dimensional hyperchaotic systems is presented. The two control approaches are the Adaptive nonlinear controller and the linear optimal quadratic regulator LQR. To demonstrate the effectiveness of each controller, the numerical simulation is presented using Matlab/Simulink and the control law is derived. The performance of the proposed controllers is compared based on four factors; response time, squared error integration, energy applied from the controller, and cost function. To measure the robustness of the control approaches, the performance factors are compared when there is a change in system parameters and a variation in the initial conditions. Then the proposed synchronization methods are implemented on the FPGA platform to demonstrate the utilized resources on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) hardware platform and the operation speed. Finally, to generalize the results of the comparison, the study is implemented for the synchronization of another secured communication system consisting of two identical three-dimensional chaotic. The experimental results show that the LQR method is more effective than the Adaptive controller based on the performance factors we propose. Moreover, the LQR is much simpler to implement on hardware and requires fewer resources on the FPGA.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.