Affiliations 

  • 1 Medical Department, Hospital Melaka, Melaka, MYS
  • 2 Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Melaka, Melaka, MYS
  • 3 Hematology Department, Hospital Ampang, Ampang, MYS
  • 4 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Melaka, Melaka, MYS
Cureus, 2024 Jun;16(6):e61636.
PMID: 38966453 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61636

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a lethal emergency. Delays in diagnosis and treatment are detrimental to the health of patients. Classical clinical manifestations of HLH include fever, cytopenia, liver dysfunction, central nervous system involvement, and coagulopathy.

METHODS: We report seven cases of secondary HLH in adults diagnosed from a total of 1200 bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy (BMAT) examinations in our center, with various presentations and underlying triggers including infection, malignancy, and autoimmune disease.

RESULTS: HLH can present with non-specific signs and symptoms.

CONCLUSION: Early recognition of HLH is crucial to enable the commencement of therapy as early as possible to prevent mortality resulting from multi-organ failure.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.