INTRODUCTION: Stroke recovery is a complex process influenced by various factors, including specific neural reorganization. The objective of this systematic review was to identify important functional connectivity (FC) changes in resting-state fMRI data that were often correlated with motor, emotional, and cognitive outcome improvement.
METHOD: A systematic search using PubMed and SCOPUS databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2023.
RESULTS: A total of 766 studies were identified, of which 20 studies (602 S individuals) met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen studies focussed on motor recovery while six on cognitive recovery. All studies reported interhemispheric FC to be strongly associated with motor and cognitive recovery. The preservation and changes of M1-M1 (eight incidences) and M1-SMA (nine incidences) FC were found to be strongly correlated with motor function improvement. For cognitive recovery, restoration and preservation of FC with and between default mode network (DMN)-related regions were important for the process.
CONCLUSIONS: This review identified specific patterns of FC that were consistently reported with recovery of motor and cognitive function. The findings may serve in refining future management strategies to enhance patient outcomes.
* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.