Migraine burden and occupational impact among corporate employees attending neurology clinics in Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

Objectives. Migraine is a leading cause of disability worldwide, yet remains underdiagnosed in low and middle-income countries. This study assessed the clinical features, triggers, management patterns and occupational impact of neurologist-diagnosed migraine among corporate employees in Skardu, Pakistan. Methods. A cross-sectional study of adult corporate employees with neurologist-confirmed migraine was conducted at neurology outpatient clinics in Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan. Data were collected via a validated questionnaire on demographics, clinical features, triggers, occupational impact and management. Non-parametric tests and multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of high occupational impact, reported as adjusted odds ratios and p values. Results. Most participants were female (72.4%) and aged 26-35 years (43.0%), with migraine without aura being the most common (40.6%). The mean migraine burden was high (58.9 ± 13.6) and varied significantly by gender, age and management. Poor management (34.7%) and reliance on Over-the-Counter (OTC) analgesics (65.3%) were common. Work impact was substantial, with 44% reporting moderate-to-severe absenteeism and 55% presenteeism. High occupational impact was independently predicted by higher migraine burden, frequent attacks (>6/month), stress, sleep deprivation, environmental stressors, poor management and information technology-sector employment. Conclusion. Among corporate employees in Skardu, migraine causes significant absenteeism and workplace impairment; addressing triggers and improving specialist care can reduce disability.