The halal food production industry is gaining greater attention among Muslim and non-Muslim
majority countries, particularly due to the increase of global market demand. One of the critical
areas in issuing halal certified food is the determination of allowable alcohol content in food
and drinks. The level of alcohol content has not standardized in several standards and fatwa of
Islamic scholars. In Islam, the alcohol in several fruit products is produced through fermentation
process such as takhammur (wine making) and takhallul (vinegar making). The fermentation
process gives an impact to the status of the food products either permissible or prohibited.
Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss on the determination of permissible alcohol
and vinegar by fermentation process content in selected food products from Shariah and science
perspectives. In doing so, the views of authentic of Islamic Law in this issue are supported by
lab work approached. As a result, in the first phase there are three types of by products from
takhammur, while two types of takhallul. All the products can be determine of the alcohol
content and give an implication of the status either permissible (halal) or prohibited (haram).
Hence, in juice considered as halal due to lower of alcohol content. While cider or alcoholic
beverage is haram due to above alcohol level permitted which is above of the 1%. Besides,
cider vinegar or vinegar is halal by the interpretation of hadith of permissible conversion from
alcoholic to vinegar itself.