Magnetic palm kernel biochar potential route for phenol removal from wastewater

Hairuddin MN 1 , Mubarak NM 2 , Khalid M 3 , Abdullah EC 4 , Walvekar R 5 , Karri RR 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia. mubarak.yaseen@gmail.com
  • 3 Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. khalids@sunway.edu.my
  • 4 Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (Jalan Semarak), 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ezzatchan@gmail.com
  • 5 Sustainable Energy and Green Technology Research Group (SEGT), School of Engineering, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 6 Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Mukim Gadong A, Brunei Darussalam
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 Dec;26(34):35183-35197.
PMID: 31691169 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06524-w

Abstract

The pollution of water resources due to the disposal of industrial wastes that have organic material like phenol is causing worldwide concern because of their toxicity towards aquatic life, human beings and the environment. Phenol causes nervous system damage, renal kidney disease, mental retardation, cancer and anaemia. In this study, magnetic palm kernel biochar is used for removal of phenol from wastewater. The effect of parameters such as pH, agitation speed, contact time and magnetic biochar dosage are validated using design of experiments. The statistical analysis reveals that the optimum conditions for the highest removal (93.39%) of phenol are obtained at pH of 8, magnetic biochar dosage of 0.6 g, agitation speed at 180 rpm and time of 60 min with the initial concentration of 10 mg/L. The maximum adsorption capacities of phenol were found to be 10.84 mg/g and Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models match the experimental data very well and adsorption kinetic obeys a pseudo-second order. Hence, magnetic palm kernel can be a potential candidate for phenol removal from wastewater.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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