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Spray Pyrolyzed TiO2 Embedded Multi-Layer Front Contact Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Shahiduzzaman M 1 , Hossain MI 2 , Visal S 3 , Kaneko T 3 , Qarony W 2 , Umezu S 4 Show all authors , Tomita K 5 , Iwamori S 6 , Knipp D 7 , Tsang YH 2 , Akhtaruzzaman M 8 , Nunzi JM 9 , Taima T 9 , Isomura M 10

Affiliations 

  • 1 Nanomaterials Research Institute (NanoMaRi), Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan. shahiduzzaman@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
  • 2 Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Center, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
  • 3 Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, 259-1292, Japan
  • 4 Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
  • 5 Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, 259-1292, Japan
  • 6 Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokai University, Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, 259-1292, Japan
  • 7 Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
  • 8 Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. akhtar@ukm.edu.my
  • 9 Nanomaterials Research Institute (NanoMaRi), Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
  • 10 Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, 259-1292, Japan. isomura@tokai.ac.jp
Nanomicro Lett, 2021 Jan 04;13(1):36.
PMID: 34138244 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00559-2

Abstract

The photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be improved by utilizing efficient front contact. However, it has always been a significant challenge for fabricating high-quality, scalable, controllable, and cost-effective front contact. This study proposes a realistic multi-layer front contact design to realize efficient single-junction PSCs and perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs). As a critical part of the front contact, we prepared a highly compact titanium oxide (TiO2) film by industrially viable Spray Pyrolysis Deposition (SPD), which acts as a potential electron transport layer (ETL) for the fabrication of PSCs. Optimization and reproducibility of the TiO2 ETL were discreetly investigated while fabricating a set of planar PSCs. As the front contact has a significant influence on the optoelectronic properties of PSCs, hence, we investigated the optics and electrical effects of PSCs by three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finite element method (FEM) rigorous simulations. The investigation allows us to compare experimental results with the outcome from simulations. Furthermore, an optimized single-junction PSC is designed to enhance the energy conversion efficiency (ECE) by > 30% compared to the planar reference PSC. Finally, the study has been progressed to the realization of all-perovskite TSC that can reach the ECE, exceeding 30%. Detailed guidance for the completion of high-performance PSCs is provided.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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