Two independent mol-ecules comprise the asymmetric unit in the title compound, C(11)H(11)N(3). These differ in terms of the relative orientations of the aromatic rings: the first is somewhat twisted, while the second is approximately planar [dihedral angles between the pyrimidine and phenyl rings = 39.00 (8) and 4.59 (11)°]. The mol-ecules also form distinct patterns in their hydrogen bonding. The first independent mol-ecule forms centrosymmetric dimers featuring an eight-membered {HNCN}(2) synthon. The second independent mol-ecule forms an N-H⋯N hydrogen bond with the other pyrimidine N atom of the first mol-ecule. Thereby, tetra-meric aggregates are formed. These associate via C-H⋯N and C-H⋯π inter-actions, consolidating the crystal packing.
In the crystal structure of the title binuclear complex, [Cu(2)(CH(3)COO)(4)(C(13)H(14)N(2))(2)], the four acetate groups each bridge a pair of Cu(II) atoms. The coordination of the metal atoms is distorted square-pyramidal, with the bonding O atoms comprising a square basal plane and the coordinating N atom of the N-heterocycle occupying the apical position. In the two N-hetercycle ligands, the benzene rings are twisted with respect to the pyridine rings, making dihedral angles of 53.1 (2) and 54.2 (2)°. Intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present between the imino and carb-oxy groups. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin with a minor twin component of 21.4%.
In the title compound, C(13)H(14)N(2), the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 48.1 (1)° and the bridging C-N-C bond angle is 127.24 (12)°. In the crystal, intermolecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonding about a center of inversion generates a hydrogen-bonded dimer.
In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Cu(2)(C(2)H(3)O(2))(4)(C(12)H(12)N(2))(2)], the binuclear mol-ecule lies about a center of inversion; the four acetate groups each bridge a pair of Cu(II) atoms. The coordination of the metal atom is distorted square-pyramidal, with the bonding O atoms comprising a square basal plane and the coordinating N atom of the N-heterocycle occupying the apical position. The pyridine ring is twisted with respect to the benzene ring at a dihedral angle of 45.68 (16)°. Intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present between the imino and carb-oxy groups.
There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(10)H(9)N(3), with inter-ring dihedral angles of 31.1 (1) and 35.3 (1)°. The bridging C-N-C bond angles are 128.2 (1) and 129.1 (1)°. In the crystal, the two independent mol-ecules are linked into a dimer by two N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
In the title compound, C(11)H(9)ClN, the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring planes is 44.2 (1)° and the bridging C-N-C bond angle is 127.60 (19)°. The amino N-H grouping makes a hydrogen bond to the pyridyl N atom of an adjacent mol-ecule across a center of inversion, generating a hydrogen-bonded dimer.
There are two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(12)H(12)N(2), with dihedral angles between the aromatic rings of 48.35 (12) and 51.02 (12)°. In the crystal structure, both mol-ecules form inversion dimers, linked by pairs of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
The two aromatic rings of each of the four independent molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(11)H(9)ClN(2), are approximately coplanar; the four mol-ecules are arranged into two amino-pyridyl N-H⋯N hydrogen-bonded pairs. The structure has a 15% twin component related by a twofold rotation about [100].
The reactions of 2-chloropyrimidine with methylamine, ethylamine and piperidine gave the corresponding 2-N-methylamino-, 2-N-ethylamino- and 2N- piperidinopyrimidines, respectively. The fluorescence properties of these alkylamino derivatives in chloroform, ethyl acetate, carbon tetrachloride, acetone, ether, ethanol and methanol were studied. All the alkylamino derivatives showed the highest fluorescence intensity in polar protic solvents; thus 2-N-methylaminopyrimidine (highest fluorescence intensity at 377 nm when excited at 282 nm) and 2-N-ethylaminopyrimidine (highest fluorescence intensity at 375 nm, when excited at 286 nm) showed the highest fluorescence in methanol. In ethanol, 2-N-piperidinopyrimidine showed a fluorescence peak at 403 nm when excited at 360 nm and in chloroform it fluoresced at 392 nm when excited at 356 nm.
In the centrosymmetric title mol-ecule, [Cu(2)(CH(3)COO)(4)(C(6)H(9)N(3))(2)], each of the four acetate groups bridges a pair of Cu(II) atoms [Cu-Cu = 2.6540 (4) Å]. The distorted octa-hedral geometry of the metal atom is completed by an N-donor atom of the N-ethyl-pyrimidin-2-amine ligand: an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen links its N-H group to an acetate carboxyl-ate O atom. In the crystal, C-H⋯O inter-actions link the mol-ecules into a supra-molecular chain along the b axis.
In the crystal structure of the title complex, [Cu(2)(CH(3)COO)(4)(C(12)H(11)ClN(2))(2)], the complete binuclear mol-ecule is generated by a crystallographic centre of inversion; the four acetate groups each bridge a pair of Cu(II) atoms. The coordination of the metal atom is distorted octa-hedral within a donor set defined by four O atoms, the heterocyclic N atom and the second Cu atom. The pyridine ring is twisted with respect to the benzene ring, forming a dihedral angle of 33.9 (2)°. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond is present between the amino group and a carboxyl O atom. Inter-molecular inter-actions of the C-H⋯π type link mol-ecules in the crystal structure.
The title complex, [Cu(2)(CH(3)COO)(4)(C(13)H(14)N(2))(2)], features a binuclear mol-ecule, which lies about a crystallographic centre of inversion; the four acetate ions each bridge a pair of Cu(II) atoms. The coordination of the metal atom is distorted octa-hedral within a donor set defined by four O atoms, the heterocyclic N atom and the second Cu atom. The pyridine ring is twisted with respect to the tolyl ring and forms a dihedral angle of 35.34 (9)°. A bifurcated N-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bond is present, linking the amine group to two carboxyl-ate O atoms derived from different acetate ions. In the crystal, C-H⋯π inter-actions link mol-ecules into a supra-molecular array in the bc plane.
In the title compound, C(12)H(11)ClN(2), the dihedral angle between the benzene and pyridyl rings is 48.03 (8)°. Twists are also evident in the mol-ecule, in particular about the N(a)-C(b) (a = amine and b = benzene) bond [C-N-C-C = -144.79 (18)°]. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds result in the formation of eight-membered {⋯NCNH}(2) synthons [or R(2) (2)(8) loops].
The two aromatic systems in the title compound, C(11)H(11)N(3), are inclined by 19.1 (1)°, whilst the angle at the central amino N atom is 130.3 (2)°. The amino group forms a hydrogen bond to the pyrazine N-4 atom of an adjacent mol-ecule, forming a chain motif.
There are two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(11)H(9)ClN(2), with dihedral angles of 41.84 (12) and 49.24 (12)° between the aromatic ring planes. The two mol-ecules form a dimer via a pair of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
The two aromatic rings in the title compound, C(10)H(9)N(3), are inclined at 15.2 (1)° to each other; this opens up the angle at the amino N atom to 130.4 (1)°. The amino N atom forms a hydrogen bond to the 4-N atom of an adjacent mol-ecule to create a chain motif.
In the title compound, C(10)H(8)ClN(3), the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 43.0 (1)° and the bridging C-N-C angle is 128.19 (16)°. The amino N atom of one mol-ecule forms a hydrogen bond to the 1-N atom of an adjacent pyrazinyl ring, generating an inversion dimer.
An antiplasmodial screening of Phyllanthus debilis and Phyllanthus urinaria was carried out. The medicinal plants were extracted and evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against D10 (chloroquine-sensitive, CQS) and Gombak A (chloroquine-resistant, CQR) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The methanolic crudes from the soxhlet extraction were active against both strains however, P. urinaria (IC50 8.9 μg/ml with CQR strain) exhibited better anti-malarial activity compared to P. debilis (IC50 12.2 μg/ml with CQR strain). Furthermore, the methanolic crude of P. urinaria obtained by the cold extraction has good anti-malarial activity towards CQS (IC50 4.1 μg/ml). The concentration of macronutrients (calcium and magnesium) and trace metals (copper, manganese, iron and zinc) from three Phyllanthus species i.e. P. debilis Klein ex Wild., Phyllanthus niruri L., P. urinaria L. and Alpinia conchigera Griff. were determined using microwave digestion method and analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Standard Reference Material 1547 (peach leaves) was used to validate the method throughout this study. The recovery values were in the range of 80% to 120% which were in very good agreement with the certified values. The three Phyllanthus species and leaves of A. conchigera showed the highest concentration of calcium compared to other metals and macronutrients studied. The significant presence of all the important macronutrients and trace metals which are essential for human health and well-being substantiate their use medicinally in traditional practices.
The aromatic and the aromatic fused-rings in the title compound, C(15)H(13)N(3), open the angle at the planar N atom to 130.07 (13) and 129.98 (13)° in the two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The amino N atom of one mol-ecule forms a hydrogen bond to the 4-N atom of an adjacent quinoxalinyl ring, generating a supra-molecular chain.