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Fulltext Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis: an unusual complication following a closed fracture of the femur in a child

Baharuddin M, Sharaf I

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56 Suppl D:54-6.
PMID: 14569768

We report a rare case of an acute haematogenous osteomyelitis of the femur in a five-year-old boy following a closed fracture of the femur. Because of its rare occurrence, the diagnosis of osteomyelitis was missed initially. He presented with a groin abscess seven weeks after injury. He was treated with external fixation, repeated debridements and intravenous antibiotics. Culture grew Staphylococcus aureus. The latest follow-up one-year after the injury showed resolution of the infection and union of the fracture. The range of knee movement is limited from 0-90 degrees due to quadriceps contracture.
Fulltext Screw osteosynthesis in the treatment of fracture lateral humeral condyle in children

Baharuddin M, Sharaf I

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56 Suppl D:45-7.
PMID: 14569766

We reviewed the results of screw osteosynthesis for the treatment of fracture lateral condylar physis in twenty children whose average age was six years old (range, two to ten years) at the time of operation from January 1998 till December 2000. The average interval between the injury and the operation was three and half days (range, one day to two weeks). The average duration of follow up was one year (range, one year to two years). Osteosynthesis was revised in two patients due to anterior placement of screw and rotated distal fracture fragment. Osseous union was achieved in all twenty patients. The result was rated excellent in nineteen patients and good in one patient.
Functional outcomes of conservatively treated clavicle fractures

Bajuri MY, Maidin S, Rauf A, Baharuddin M, Harjeet S

Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2011;66(4):635-9.
PMID: 21655759

OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the study was to analyze the outcomes of clavicle fractures in adults treated non-surgically and to evaluate the clinical effects of displacement, fracture patterns, fracture location, fracture comminution, shortening and fracture union on shoulder function.
METHODS: Seventy clavicle fractures were non-surgically treated in the Orthopedics Department at the Tuanku Ja'afar General Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Seremban, Malaysia, an average of six months after injury. The clavicle fractures were treated conservatively with an arm sling and a figure-eight splint for three weeks. No attempt was made to reduce displaced fractures, and the patients were allowed immediate free-shoulder mobilization, as tolerated. They were prospectively evaluated clinically and radiographically. Shoulder function was evaluated using the Constant scoring technique.
RESULTS: There were statistically significant functional outcome impairments in non-surgically treated clavicle fractures that correlated with the fracture type (comminution), the fracture displacement (21 mm or more), shortening (15 mm or more) and the fracture union (malunion).
CONCLUSION: This article reveals the need for surgical intervention to treat clavicle fractures and improve shoulder functional outcomes.
Fulltext Non-invasive sex identification of the white-bellied sea eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster) through genetic analysis of feathers

Naim DM, Nor SA, Baharuddin MH

Genet. Mol. Res., 2011;10(4):2505-10.
PMID: 22009862 DOI: 10.4238/2011.October.13.7

The white-bellied sea eagle, Haliaeetus leucogaster, displays reversed sexual size dimorphism and is monomorphic for adult plumage coloration. Early attempts to identify sex in sexually monomorphic birds were based on morphological or chromosomal characters, but since avian W-specific DNA sequences were identified, PCR amplification has become commonly used for molecular sexing. We used a PCR test employing primers that amplify two homologous fragments of both the CHD-W gene, unique to females, and the CHD-Z gene, occurring in both sexes. This test was applied to five individuals of H. leucogaster from the Malacca Zoo and to male and female domestic chickens, Gallus domesticus, for comparison. All individuals were sexed successfully with high reproducibility. We conclude that this PCR-based test with feathers as the DNA source is a reliable sexing method for H. leucogaster. This sexing technique is objective and non-invasive and could be used to test sex ratio theories, as well as to help improve conservation and management actions for captive breeding program of this species in Malaysia.
Tri-parent Baby Technology and Preservation of Lineage: An Analysis from the Perspective of Maqasid al-Shari'ah Based Islamic Bioethics

Ibrahim AH, Rahman NNA, Saifuddeen SM, Baharuddin M

Sci Eng Ethics, 2019 02;25(1):129-142.
PMID: 29071572 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-017-9980-5

Tri-parent baby technology is an assisted reproductive treatment which aims to minimize or eliminate maternal inheritance of mutated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The technology became popular following the move by the United Kingdom in granting license to a group of researchers from the Newcastle Fertility Centre, Newcastle University to conduct research on the symptoms of defective mtDNA. This technology differs from other assisted reproductive technology because it involves the use of gamete components retrieved from three different individuals. Indirectly, it affects the preservation of lineage which is important from an Islamic point of view. This paper aims to analyze and discuss the implications of the tri-parent technology on preservation of lineage from the perspective of Maqasid al-Shari'ah based the Islamic bioethics. The analysis shows that there are a few violations of the preservation of lineage, hence the tri-parent baby technology should not be permitted.
Maqasid al-Shariah Based Islamic Bioethics: A Comprehensive Approach

Ibrahim AH, Rahman NNA, Saifuddeen SM, Baharuddin M

J Bioeth Inq, 2019 Sep;16(3):333-345.
PMID: 30715660 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-019-09902-8

Maqasid al-Shariah based Islamic bioethics is an Islamic bioethics concept which uses the objectives of the Shariah (maqasid al-Shariah) as its approach in analysing and assessing bioethical issues. Analysis based on maqasid al-Shariah based Islamic bioethics will examine any bioethical issues from three main aspects namely intention, method, and output or final goal of the studied issues. Then, the evaluation will be analysed from human interest hierarchy, inclusivity, and degree of certainty. The Islamic bioethics concept is a manifestation of dynamic Islamic jurisprudence which can overcome new complex and complicated bioethical issues such as tri-parent baby technology issues. Therefore, this article will introduce and explain the concept of maqasid al-Shariah based Islamic bioethics and outline a general guidance of maqasid al-Shariah based Islamic bioethics to determine a maqṣad (objective) based on standards of human good or well-being (maslahah) and harm (mafsadah).