This research is about the natural product of coriander, or the Coriandrum species. The bioactive molecules and the health effects of this plant are constantly discussed. This paper is parallel with those publications, investigating the composition of the herb. The results of current study indicates that the Coriandrum seed is a source of fatty acids. From the publications, petroselinic acid or (6Z)-octadecenoic acid, is the major fatty acid in the coriander extracts. Previous articles reported on coriander’s chemical constituents, biological activities of the coriander’s seeds and leaves, as well as the coriander products in the retail. Indeed, coriander has a lot of uses either as a traditional medicines or spices. Different forms of coriander samples were subjected to a simple maceration by using chloroform. From the chromatographic purification of the seed crude extract, its component could include anisaldehyde, as one of the aromatic aldehyde. It is concluded that the lipid-containing fraction of the coriander seed could also consist of dipetroselin, a diglyceride.
The objective of this study is to study the biodiversity of Polygonum and to
review its pharmacological properties and phytochemical compositions of
via electronic literature search. The chemical composition, biological
actions and the medicinal characteristics of P. minus (kesum) were
mentioned in the articles. The chemical constituents include the
polyphenols such as the flavonoids. The extracts were reported as antidiabetic,
anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer. This review is
presented, in parallel with the laboratory experiments involving the
separation of the Polygonum leaves extract using Thin Layer
Chromatography. It is expected that the phytochemical data of the leaves
would depend on the hydrophobicity of the aprotic solvent during the
extraction procedure.
Aloe vera which is also known as Aloe barbadensis Miller,is a plant that is commonly used for medicinal purposes and as treatments for various health issues. It produces two substances; gel and latex, which are used for commercial household products, halal food and cosmetics. Aloe gel is the clear, jelly-like substance found in the inner part of the Aloe leaf while Aloe’s yellow latex comes from the peel. Aloe vera is able to provide therapeutic effects such as wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, laxative and antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to
investigate the extracts via spectrophotometry (λ = 200 – 400 nm) and liquid chromatography. After 21 days, the ultraviolet spectra showed the evidence of the water molecules interactions and the hydroxyl groups in hydroalcoholic extracts. Significant peaks were also observed in the chromatograms. Further studies evaluating the stability of A. vera extracts should be carried out.
The phytochemicals and biological properties of Mangifera species are documented. The main
constituents of M. pajang include gallic, p-coumaric and ellagic acids. The fruits of M. pajang possess
antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer properties. The phenolic is mentioned as the compound that
is responsible for the antioxidant property of M. pajang. In this study, the methanolic extraction of M.
pajang and M. indica was performed. Based on thin layer chromatography (TLC), the presence of the
phenolics in the samples could be confirmed. Comparative TLC was accomplished and the retention
factor (Rf) of pyrogallol was recorded as 0.85. From the result, the TLC profiling of M. pajang and M.
indica extracts were almost similar. In addition, the compounds of M. pajang extracts were analyzed
from the 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A mixture of ascorbic acid and a
sugar moiety could be detected. On the other hand, the NMR signal for the metabolite of mangiferin
was not observed. Therefore, the compound might not present in the sample.
The Pandanus species (Pandanaceae family) was investigated, in order to set up a library of their chromatographic profiles. From a literature review, the most common Pandanus plant that was greatly examined was P. amaryllifolius (the fragrant screw pine), followed by P. sanderi. Here, the chromatographic data from an extract of a relatively unfamiliar Pandanus is also presented. The leaves of P. monotheca were extracted by using methanol. Later, the extract was filtered, prior to a Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) experiments. The automated system was set to run by gradient elution (acetonitrile:water). The flow rate was maintained at 1 ml/min, otherwise stated in a number of attempts. The ultra-violet absorbance of the Pandanus’ constituents was measured via Multiple Wavelength Detector. From the chromatogram, the major peaks for Pandanus’ compounds were eluted (λ = 220, 260 and 360 nm) and the retention times were recorded. The lower absorbance readings of other minor peaks could be due to various minor secondary metabolites, such as the furolignan. The different elution time depends on the polarity of the composition. In short, Pandanus’ phytochemicals could be obtained via alcoholic extraction. The utilisation of modern chromatographic applications enables the scientists to discover and subsequently, purify single component of the complex natural mixtures. This finding can be beneficial to the research areas in botanical study, pharmacognostical assessment and biotechnology industry. It is aimed that more
Pandanus species could be learnt for the future.
Vitex trifolia or locally known as lemuni, is well documented for its medicinal properties including
anticancer, antibacterial and wound healing. For years, the leaves and flowers were consumed for antiaging
and general well-being. It is also commonly served as nutraceuticals to post-partum women during
their confinement period. Previous study showed that V. trifolia possesses high antioxidant properties that
could prevent oxidative stress related diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes and many more.
From the literature, V. trifolia leaves are used as poultice for rheumatic pains, sprains, antithelmintics and
inflammations. Meanwhile, the fruits are utilised in amenorrhea. The roots, on the other hand, are used for
the treatment of cough and fever. The plant is known to possess pharmacologically-active constituents such
as the essential oil, halimane-type diterpenes, flavonoids, triterpenes, lignans, iridoids and ecdysteroids.
Review papers were consistently published to justify the non-exhaustive biological exploration of this genus.
Nevertheless, only 11 per cent of the total Vitex species were phytochemically examined. Apart from being
eaten raw or blanched, Vitex is also taken as a food colourant in preparing lemuni rice. The process of
making lemuni rice is quite tedious. First, the leaves and flowers are picked and washed. Both parts are then
ground with water and sieved to give a bluish extract which is then mixed with rice and boiled to cook.
Hence, the Vitex pouch is introduced to provide an easy way to prepare lemuni rice. This packaging is
designed to enclose Vitex samples in a pouch that simply can be placed together with rice and boiled to
cook. Such instant preparation will hopefully promote the consumption of lemuni rice among busy locals.
Future plans include international marketing and production of other Vitex nutritional products.