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  1. Mohamad Deraman
    This paper presents some properties of the sample of carbon pellets prepared from fibres of oil palm empty fruit bunches by a carbonization process up to the temperature of 1000°C. It is found that the samples have (i) microcracks and micropores (ii) about 70 percent weight lost and 20­-30 percent volume shrinkage (iii) the densities of 0.6gcm-3 and 0.9gcm-3 for the fast and slow heating rate respectively (iv) the X-ray diffraction spectrum which clearly indicates the disordered structure and (v) the experimental and predicted electrical resistivities of 7.75 ´ 10-2 Ω cm and 8.57 ´ 10-2 Ω cm respectively. Reasons that make these properties differ from that of the glassy carbon commercial have been identical and effort to overcome this is being carried out.
    Kertas kerja ini membincangkan beberapa sifat sampel karbon pelet yang disediakan daripada serabut tandan kelapa sawit melalui proses karbonisasi sehingga suhu 1000°C. Didapati bahawa sampel mempunyai (i) rekahan­ mikro dan liang mikro (ii) spektrum belauan sinar-X yang jelas memperlihatkan struktur taktertib (iii) kira-kira 70 peratus kehilangan berat dan 20-30 peratus susutan isipadu (iv) ketumpatan 0.6gcm-3 dan 0.9gcm-3 bagi masing­masing kadar pemanasan cepat dan perlahan dan (v) kerintangan elektrik eksperimen dan ramalan masing-masing 7.75 ´ 10-2 Ω cm dan 8.57 ´ 10-2 Ω cm. Alasan yang menyebabkan sifat-sifat ini berbeza daripada sifat-sifat karbon glasi komersial telah dikenalpasti dan usaha mengatasinya sedang dijalankan.
  2. Awitdrus, Taer E, Mohamad Deraman, Ibrahim Abu Talib, Ramli Omar, Mohd. Hafizuddin Jumali, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2010;39:333-336.
    Carbon pellets (CP) were prepared from the green pellets (GP) containing mixtures of pre-carbonized oil palm empty fruit bunches (SACG) and Green Petroleum Cokes (GPC), with the weight percentages (x) of SACG in the samples at 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90%. Carbonization process to produce the CP was conducted up to 900oC using a multi steps heating profile. The interlayer spacing (d200 and d100), stack height (Lc), stack width (La,) and effective dimension L of the turbostratic crystallites (microsrystallite) in the CPs were estimated from X-ray diffraction data; d200, d100, La, L increased and Lc decreased with increasing weight percentage of SACG. The total surface area of active material of the CP (Atot) with thickness, t, estimated from Lc was found to follow the equation, Atot = [4.8086 – 0.0083x]1010 t, indicating a significant influence of the SACG content in the mixture of the green body.
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