Duration of treatment is one of the things orthodontic patients complaint about
most and challenging orthodontist to shorten treatment time. A new surgical technique was
introduced to accelerate tooth movement during orthodontic treatment through combining surgical
and orthodontic treatment by doing surgical reduction of the bone mass in the path of desired
tooth movement prior to start orthodontic alignment of the teeth. (Copied from article).
MapReduce is the preferred cloud computing framework used in large data analysis and application processing. MapReduce frameworks currently in place suffer performance degradation due to the adoption of sequential processing approaches with little modification and thus exhibit underutilization of cloud resources. To overcome this drawback and reduce costs, we introduce a Parallel MapReduce (PMR) framework in this paper. We design a novel parallel execution strategy of Map and Reduce worker nodes. Our strategy enables further performance improvement and efficient utilization of cloud resources execution of Map and Reduce functions to utilize multicore environments available with computing nodes. We explain in detail makespan modeling and working principle of the PMR framework in the paper. Performance of PMR is compared with Hadoop through experiments considering three biomedical applications. Experiments conducted for BLAST, CAP3, and DeepBind biomedical applications report makespan time reduction of 38.92%, 18.00%, and 34.62% considering the PMR framework against Hadoop framework. Experiments' results prove that the PMR cloud computing platform proposed is robust, cost-effective, and scalable, which sufficiently supports diverse applications on public and private cloud platforms. Consequently, overall presentation and results indicate that there is good matching between theoretical makespan modeling presented and experimental values investigated.
The second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide in the elderly is Parkinson's disease (PD). It is a major risk factor for aging. Objectives: Currently the involvement of miRNAs in the disease is mainly unclear. Additionally, the disease aetiology is complex and there are no available disease-modifying medications. Therefore, more evidence is required concerning its pathogenesis and developing new treatment modalities. Methods: Here, we studied the expression profiles of about 900 miRNAs in PD patients prior to and following deep brain stimulation (DBS) both on and following 1 hour off electrical stimulation and as compared with age and gender matched healthy control (HC) donor samples, using Affymetrix miRNA microarrays. We analysed statistically the data using Affymetrix expression console software. Results: We detected significantly altered miRNAs pre and post DBS treatment. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the involvement of miRNAs in PD. Future studies can enlarge the number of samples and use RNA sequencing platform to quantify further miRNAs in PD samples. We may also use the expression levels of miRNAs as biomarkers for PD in the blood.