MyMedR

Displaying all 6 publications

Abstract:

Sort:

Fulltext Development, validation and utilisation of dish-based dietary assessment tools: a scoping review

Shinozaki N, Yuan X, Murakami K, Sasaki S

Public Health Nutr, 2021 Feb;24(2):223-242.
PMID: 32758321 DOI: 10.1017/S136898002000172X

OBJECTIVE: To summarise the existing evidence of development, validation and current status of utilisation of dish-based dietary assessment tools.
DESIGN: Scoping review.
SETTING: Systematic search using PubMed and Web of Science.
RESULTS: We identified twelve tools from seventy-four eligible publications. They were developed for Koreans (n 4), Bangladeshis (n 2), Iranians (n 1), Indians/Malays/Chinese (n 1), Japanese (n 3) and Chinese Americans (n 1). Most tools (10/12) were composed of a dish-based FFQ. Although the development process of a dish list varied among the tools, six studies classified mixed dishes based on the similarity of their characteristics such as food ingredients and cooking methods. Tools were validated against self-reported dietary information (n 9) and concentration biomarkers (n 1). In the eight studies assessing the differences between the tool and a reference, the mean (or median) intake of energy significantly differed in five studies, and 26-83 % of nutrients significantly differed in eight studies. Correlation coefficients for energy ranged from 0·15 to 0·87 across the thirteen studies, and the median correlation coefficients for nutrients ranged from 0·12 to 0·77. Dish-based dietary assessment tools were used in fifty-nine studies mainly to assess diet-disease relationships in target populations.
CONCLUSIONS: Dish-based dietary assessment tools have exclusively been developed and used for Asian-origin populations. Further validation studies, particularly biomarker-based studies, are needed to assess the applicability of tools.
Trends in age-standardized incidence rates of depression in adolescents aged 10-24 in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2019

Hua Z, Wang S, Yuan X

J Affect Disord, 2024 Apr 01;350:831-837.
PMID: 38242215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.009

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution and temporal trends in the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of depression in adolescents aged 10-24 worldwide.
METHODS: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 were analyzed, adopting Sawyer's broad definition of adolescence encompassing ages 10 to 24. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were used to assess temporal trends.
RESULTS: Globally, from 1990 to 2019, there was a decrease in the ASIR of depression in adolescents (EAPC = -0.23). Notably, this decrease was more pronounced in female adolescents compared to their male counterparts (EAPC = -0.12 and - 0.29, respectively). Conversely, high Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions experienced a significant increase in the ASIR of depression among adolescents (EAPC = 0.87). Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that individuals aged 20-24 exhibited the highest incidence rate for depression followed by those aged 15-19 and then those aged 10-14. The largest increases in the ASIRs of depression occurred in High-income North America (EAPC = 1.19) and Malaysia (EAPC = 2.4), respectively.
LIMITATIONS: Mathematical models were used to reconstruct and adjust data of different qualities, which might have introduced bias.
CONCLUSIONS: The global burden of disease for depression among adolescents aged 10-24 years declined from 1990 to 2019. Special attention must be paid to older adolescents and areas with higher SDIs.
Mucoadhesive guargum hydrogel inter-connected chitosan-g-polycaprolactone micelles for rifampicin delivery

Yuan X, Amarnath Praphakar R, Munusamy MA, Alarfaj AA, Suresh Kumar S, Rajan M

Carbohydr Polym, 2019 Feb 15;206:1-10.
PMID: 30553301 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.098

Natural polymer guar gum has one of the highest viscosities in water solution and hence, these are significantly used in pharmaceutical applications. Guar gum inter-connected micelles as a new carrier has been developed for poor water soluble rifampicin drug. The hydrogel inter-connected micelle core was formulated as a hydrophilic inner and hydrophobic outer core by using guar gum/chitosan/polycaprolactone and the carrier interaction with rifampicin was confirmed by FT-IR. The morphological observations were carried out through TEM, SEM and AFM analysis. The encapsulation efficiency and in-vitro drug release behavior of prepared hydrogel based micelle system was analyzed by UV-vis spectrometry. The anti-bacterial activity against K. pneumoniae and S. aureus was studied by observing their ruptured surface by SEM. The cytotoxicity study reveals that the pure polymeric system has no toxic effect whereas drug loaded ones showed superior activity against THP-1 cells. From the cell apoptosis analyses, the apoptosis was carried out in a time dependent manner. The cell uptake behavior was also observed in THP-1 cells which indicate that the hydrogel based micelle system is an excellent material for the mucoadhesive on intracellular alveolar macrophage treatment.
Easing caregiver strain: The power of health check-ups

Guo L, Sang B, Zhang L, Yin W, Yuan X, Ma C

Soc Sci Med, 2024 Dec;362:117445.
PMID: 39481276 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117445

Against the backdrop of global aging and escalating pressures on family caregiving, this study delves into the impact of health check-ups for the elderly on alleviating the objective burden of family caregiving by analyzing China's Free Health Check-up Program (FHCP). Using an unbalanced panel dataset spanning 2011, 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020, comprising approximately 35,000 observations of the elderly population aged 65 and above, the research employs the Difference-in-Differences method. The research reveals a significant 9.18% reduction in family caregiving time following the implementation of FHCP, primarily attributed to the enhancement of the elderly's self-care abilities and health awareness. This study elucidates, for the first time, the efficacy and mechanisms of health check-ups in alleviating caregiving objective burdens, providing evidence for the formulation of pertinent policies. It underscores the significance of routine health check-ups as a public health intervention in supporting family caregivers and addressing the challenges of aging.
Enhancing Gpx1 palmitoylation to inhibit angiogenesis by targeting PPT1

Ma Y, Yuan X, Wei A, Li X, Patar A, Su S, et al.

Redox Biol, 2024 Oct 05;77:103376.
PMID: 39423458 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103376

The significance of protein S-palmitoylation in angiogenesis has been largely overlooked, leaving various aspects unexplored. Recent identification of Gpx1 as a palmitoylated protein has generated interest in exploring its potential involvement in novel pathological mechanisms related to angiogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that Gpx1 undergoes palmitoylation at cysteine-76 and -113, with PPT1 playing a crucial role in modulating the depalmitoylation of Gpx1. Furthermore, we find that PPT1-regulated depalmitoylation negatively impacts Gpx1 protein stability. Interestingly, inhibiting Gpx1 palmitoylation, either through expression of a non-palmitoylated Gpx1 mutant or by expressing PPT1, significantly enhances neovascular angiogenesis. Conversely, in PPT1-deficient mice, angiogenesis is notably attenuated compared to wild-type mice in an Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy (OIR) model, which mimics pathological angiogenesis. Physiologically, under hypoxic conditions, Gpx1 palmitoylation levels are drastically reduced, suggesting that increasing Gpx1 palmitoylation may have beneficial effects. Indeed, enhancing Gpx1 palmitoylation by inhibiting PPT1 with DC661 effectively suppresses retinal angiogenesis in the OIR disease model. Overall, our findings highlight the pivotal role of protein palmitoylation in angiogenesis and propose a novel mechanism whereby the PPT1-Gpx1 axis modulates angiogenesis, thereby providing a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting PPT1 to combat angiogenesis.
Electronic structure variations of polar and nonpolar ZnO lattices with nitrogen-ion bombardment using synchrotron-based in situ photoemission and X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Huang Y, Li Y, Wu M, Wang HQ, Yuan X, Gholam T, et al.

J Synchrotron Radiat, 2020 Jan 01;27(Pt 1):83-89.
PMID: 31868740 DOI: 10.1107/S160057751901381X

Surface polarity with different crystal orientations has been demonstrated as a crucial parameter in determining the physical properties and device applications in many transition metal oxide and semiconductor compound systems. The influences of surface polarity on electronic structures in nitrogen-incorporated ZnO lattices have been investigated in the present work. The successful doping of nitrogen atoms in ZnO lattices is suggested by the existence of N-related chemical bonds obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis where a pronounced N-Zn peak intensity has been observed in the (000\bar 1)-terminated polar ZnO compound compared with the (10\bar 10)-terminated nonpolar ZnO compound. An energy shift of the valence band maximum towards the Fermi level has been resolved for both polar and nonpolar ZnO lattices, whereas a charge redistribution of the O 2p hybridized states is only resolved for o-plane ZnO with a polar surface. Angular-dependent X-ray absorption analyses at the O K-edge reveal enhanced surface-state contributions and asymmetric O 2p orbital occupations in the (000\bar 1)-terminated o-plane ZnO compound. The results shed light on the efficient nitrogen doping in ZnO lattices with polar surfaces. The comprehensive electronic structure investigations of correlations between impurity doping and surface polarity in ZnO lattices may also offer guidance for the material design in other transition metal oxide and semiconductor systems.