Displaying all 17 publications

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  1. Levonorgestrel IUS use in Islamic Malaysia
    Wong CY
    Br J Fam Plann, 2000 Apr;26(2):117.
    PMID: 10896464
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female*
  2. Management of bleeding irregularities among etonogestrel implant users: Is combined oral contraceptives pills or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs the better option?
    Upawi SN, Ahmad MF, Abu MA, Ahmad S
    J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2020 Mar;46(3):479-484.
    PMID: 31958877 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14195
    AIM: This study is to evaluate whether unacceptable bleeding among the etonogestrel implant user could be better alleviated using combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs (NSAID).

    METHODS: This is a prospective randomized study for evaluation of 84 etonogestrel implant (Implanon) users with prolonged or frequent bleeding. They were assigned to either receiving a COCP containing 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol/150 mg desogestrel for two continuous cycle or NSAID; mefenamic acid 500 mg TDS for 5 days, 21 days apart for two cycles. Bleeding pattern during the treatment was recorded and analyzed.

    RESULTS: A total of 32 women (76.2%) in COCP group and 15 women (35.7%) in NSAID group stop bleeding within 7 days after the initiation of treatment which was statistically significant (P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female/therapeutic use*
  3. Fulltext Prescription contraception use: a cross-sectional population study of psychosocial determinants
    Molloy GJ, Sweeney LA, Byrne M, Hughes CM, Ingham R, Morgan K, et al.
    BMJ Open, 2015 Aug 12;5(8):e007794.
    PMID: 26270944 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007794
    OBJECTIVE: Many forms of contraception are available on prescription only for example, the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs). In this analysis we aim to identify key determinants of prescription contraceptive use.
    DESIGN: Cross-sectional population survey. Data on sociodemographic indices, concerns about the OCP and perceived barriers to access were collected.
    SETTING: Data set constructed from a representative population-based telephone survey of community dwelling adults in the Republic of Ireland (RoI)
    PARTICIPANTS: 1515 women aged between 18 and 45 years
    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Self-reported user of the OCP or LARCs (intrauterine contraception, contraceptive injections or subdermal contraceptive implants) in the previous 12 months.
    RESULTS: For at least some of the previous year, 35% had used the OCP and 14% had used LARCs, while 3% had used two or more of these methods. OCP users were significantly younger, more likely to be unmarried and had higher income than non-users. Overall, 68% agreed with the statement 'that taking a break from long-term use of the contraceptive pill is a good idea' and 37% agreed with the statement that 'the OCP has dangerous side effects' and this was the strongest predictor variable of non-use of the OCP. Intrauterine contraception users were significantly older, more likely to be married and had lower income than non-users. Injections or subdermal contraceptive implant users were significantly younger, less likely to be married, had lower income and were less likely to agree that taking a break from long-term use of the pill is a good idea than non-users.
    CONCLUSIONS: Prescription contraceptive use is sociodemographically patterned, with LARCs in particular being associated with lower incomes in the RoI. Concerns about the safety of the OCP remain prevalent and are important and modifiable determinants of contraceptive-related behaviour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female*
  4. Three IFRP studies investigate breast-feeding and contraception
    Netw Res Triangle Park N C, 1981 Apr;2(3):1-2.
    PMID: 12281266
    PIP:
    The International Fertility Research Program is carrying out several studies focused on breastfeeding's contraceptive protection. A longitudinal study is investigating the relationship between breastfeeding and the return of ovulation and fertility after childbirth. The impact of factors such as the early introduction of supplementary foods, resumption of menses, and sexual practices on the return of ovulation will be analyzed. The study, which will be conducted at 4 geographic sites, will include a total of 100 women who are breastfeeding and a control group of 40 nonlactating mothers. Its ultimate goal will be to determine the optimum time for breastfeeding women with different cultural needs to start using contraceptives. A second study will seek to determine whether progestogen-only oral contraceptives (OCs) have advantages for lactating women. Trials in India, Malaysia, Argentina, and Egypt will compare 1000 lactating women who use progestogen-only OCs with an equal number of women who use nonhormonal contraception in terms of contraceptive acceptance and side effects and infant weight gain. The third study will survey breastfeeding patterns in relation to changing child spacing trends in a sample of 4000 women from Lagos, Nigeria. Analyzed will be the proportions of women who are using a modern method of fertility control, the proportions protected from unwanted pregnancy by the traditional practices of prolonged breastfeeding and sexual abstinence, and determinants of recent changes in the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female*
  5. Pregnancy after contraceptive use
    Ang Eng Suan, Arshat H
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1986 Jun;4(1):6-11.
    PMID: 12268570
    PIP: The initial results of a study conducted to develop guidelines for the clinical management of family planning acceptors with regard to return of fertility following contraceptive use, are presented. 193 parous women attending an urban family planning clinic were interviewed regarding their last pregnancy conceived after stopping a method of contraception. The average interval to pregnancy was 3.9, 2.8 and 1.8 months for ex-users of oral pills, intrauterine devices and conventional methods of contraception, respectively, with median delays to conception of 1.9, 1 and within the 1st month for the 3 categories. In comparison, 149 women who had not used any method at all took 7.3 months before becoming pregnant. Selected variables including age and parity, duration of use and problems encountered, and outcome of pregnancy are further analysed. Follow-up investigations and treatment are recommended 12 months after stopping oral pills and 6 months after removal of intrauterine device for those who have not yet conceived.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female*
  6. A comparative study of Loestrin versus Nordette in Kelantan, West Malaysia
    Arshat H
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1984 Jun;2(1):25-31.
    PMID: 12267518
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female*
  7. Hemorrheology and fibrinolytic response in women taking oral contraceptive pills
    Ishak R, Hassan K, Arshat H
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1987 Dec;5(2):57-60.
    PMID: 12315184
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female*
  8. Fulltext Coagulation profile in women on low-dose oral contraceptive pills
    Roshidah I, Khalid H, Baharum Y
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1990 Dec;8(2):97-100.
    PMID: 12343152
    A cross-sectional study looking at the coagulation system was carried out involving 175 women attending the National Population and Family Development Board's Clinic at the Maternity Clinic, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Study subjects comprise of 50 combined low-dose estrogen/progestrogen oral contraceptive (DC) pill users and 75 non-DC users, acting as controls. The subjects were on the pill for a period of one year or more. There were significant shortening of the prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PIT) in the DC group as compared to the control group. However, the activities of factors II, Vand VIII assayed were not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the changes in the PT and PIT were not significant clinically. The effect of long term usage of combined 10w..cJose DC pills does not seem to indicate changes in the coagulation profile of the women in our study.
    PIP: The effect of low dose combined oral contraceptives containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and either 150 mcg levonorgestrel or 150 mcg desogestrel on coagulation indices in Malaysian women was examined. 50 women who had been using the pills for 1 year or more, were compared to 75 non-users. All were attending the Maternity Clinic of the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Pill users registered shorter prothrombin time, 11.5 vs. 11.1 seconds (p=0.016), and partial thromboplastin time, 40.1 vs 35.1 seconds (p=0.000). Since there were no significant differences in Factors II, V, VII, or VIII, the overall effects of low-dose pills on coagulation is probably not clinically significant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  9. A randomised comparative study of Triquilar versus Marvelon: the Malaysian experience
    Ismail MT
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1991 Jun;9(1):9-17.
    PMID: 12317444
    PIP:
    Health workers in Malaysia randomly assigned either a low-dose triphasic or a low-dose monophasic oral contraceptive (Triquilar and Marvelon, respectively) to 198 women to examine discontinuation rates and reasons for discontinuation. 15.3% of Triquilar women and 9.1% of Marvelon women forgot to take 1 pill at some time during the study while 6.1% and 3% forgot to take at least 3 consecutive pills. There were more complaints and/or complications among Triquilar women than among Marvelon women. The most serious complication was severe headaches (only 1 woman from each group). 2 women in the Marvelon group complained of either generalized itchiness or digestion impairment. Complaints of women in the Triquilar group included localized and generalized itchiness, weight gain, digestion impairment, dryness of vagina, and numbness of extremities. Women in the Triquilar group were more likely to have menstrual complaints than those in the Marvelon group (14.3% vs. 9.1%). The leading menstrual complaint in both groups was spotting (6.1% vs. 4%). No Marvelon women reported menorrhagia, scanty menses, or intermenstrual pelvic pain or discomfort while at least 1 woman did from the Triquilar group. The percentage of women with changes in complaints since admission were the same for both groups. Total discontinuation rates which included lost to follow ups were 46.9% and 40%, respectively. The most common reason for discontinuation for both groups was desired method change (11.2% Triquilar and 14.1% Marvelon). Method unrelated reasons (unable to return to clinic, moving/travel, and not interested in the study) were the next most common reason for discontinuation. 3 women conceived while taking Triquilar. These pregnancies were attributed to method failure, perhaps due to incomplete pituitary suppression. There were no accidental pregnancies in the Marvelon group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  10. A study of the acceptability and effectiveness of Norplant (R) contraceptive implants in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Arshat H, Rachagan SP, Kwa Siew Kim, Ang Eng Suan, Karim HA, Ismail MT
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1990 Jun;8(1):21-9.
    PMID: 12316341
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  11. A prospective study of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl oestradiol and 150 mcg desogestrel (Marvelon)
    Ismail MT
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1994 Jun;12(1):43-8.
    PMID: 12320338
    PIP: Marvelon, a monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) containing 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 150 mcg of desogestrel, has been available to Malaysian women through the national family planning program since 1982. To assess the safety, effectiveness, and side effects associated with this OC, 247 women who requested the pill were enrolled in a multicenter prospective study that included follow-up after the first, third, and sixth cycles of use. 81% of participants had never used any form of contraception before Marvelon. 194 women (79%) completed the 6-month study. There were no pregnancies recorded. Although women reported a slightly increased incidence of nausea, breast tenderness, and headache in the first treatment cycle, these side effects had abated by the end of the third cycle. After six cycles, mean body weight had decreased by an average of 0.4 kg. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were unaffected. An unexpected finding was a decrease in the severity of acne with continuous use of Marvelon. Although both spotting and breakthrough bleeding increased slightly in the first two cycles, irregular bleeding returned to pretreatment levels by the third cycle. The length of the withdrawal bleed in the pill-free week was reduced. The incidence of irregular bleeding and other side effects was substantially lower in this sample of Malaysian women than in Asian and Caucasian Marvelon users surveyed in other studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  12. Antifertility effect of Jamu (traditional herbal medicine)
    Azimahtol Hawariah Lope Pihie, Embun Naim
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Dec;1(2):176-80.
    PMID: 12313336
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  13. Effect of the oral contraceptive pill on protein S and antithrombin-III levels in Malaysian women
    Wong KK, Ng SC, Koong PL
    Med Sci Res, 1992 Jun;20(12):439-40.
    PMID: 12288974
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  14. Study of rigevidon for oral contraception in a family planning clinic in Kota Bahru, Kelantan
    Ang Eng Suan, Karim HA
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1990 Jun;8(1):31-7.
    PMID: 12316342
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  15. Contraceptive method switching in Peninsular Malaysia: ethnic differences, 1940s-1970s
    Davanzo J, Starbird E, Reboussin D, Tan Boon Ann, Abdullah SH
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1988 Jun;6(1):1-21.
    PMID: 12281591
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  16. Effect of combined low-dose oral contraceptives on blood viscosity and haematocrit
    Ishak R, Loh Chooi Khim
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1991 Jun;9(1):5-8.
    PMID: 12317443
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
  17. Fibrinolytic response in women on low-dose oral contraceptive
    Ishak R, Ahmad R, Gudum HR, Hassan K, Ang ES
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1992 Jun;10(1):7-11.
    PMID: 12345026
    PIP: Long term use of low doses of combination oral contraceptives appears to increase plasminogen level, thereby increasing fibrinolytic activity and reducing the risk of thromboembolism. Blood levels of plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), were measured before and after stress (5 minutes of stair climbing) in a group of 30 women, 23-40 years old, who had taken 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol with 150 mcg of desogestrel or levonorgestrel for at least 1 year. Similar measurements were taken from a control group of 30 women matched for age, height, and weight. Plasminogen and tPA levels in both groups increased significantly after exercise. The level of PAI did not change significantly with stress in either group. The level of plasminogen was significantly higher in the group taking contraceptives, whether before or after exercise, when compared to the control group. Levels of tPA and PAI, although slightly increased in the oral contraceptive group, were not significantly different between the two groups. The increase in plasminogen may be due to the estrogen component of the contraceptives. Stress seems to increase fibrinolytic response.
    Matched MeSH terms: Contraceptive Agents, Female
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