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Fulltext Universiti Malaysia Sabah`s medical and nursing undergraduate student`s satisfaction towards rural community outreach health promotion posting in Ranau, Sabah

Segaran Ramodran, Billy Bryan Jafrin, Mellonna Ignatia Jeffrey Liew, Nurul MadihahMohd Raeh, Juecella Joyce Jalius

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):45-0.
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Introduction: EC1773 is a community outreach program conducted annually by Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). It serves as a platform for nursing and medical students to collaborate hands-on health promotion for rural commu- nities. As of date, there has been no empirical study to gauge student`s post-program satisfaction. This study aims to evaluate satisfaction among students who have undergone the UMS-led community out-reach program and identify gaps for improvement. Methods: The study entailed a cross-sectional design involving 165 (N) nursing(n=65) and medical students (n=100) who had completed a 10-day rural outreach program. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of UMS as well-informed consent from respondents. A 25- item questionnaire requir- ing Likert-scale responsewas used to evaluatethe level of satisfaction across 5 sub-categories namely; pre-departure preparation & briefing;onsite facilities and logistics; teamwork; community participation and learning achievements. Results: Among 165 nursing -medical students in the study, 88% (n=146) were satisfied and 12% (n=19) were dis- satisfied with the UMS-led outreach program. Sub-category items rated as satisfactory were community participation 96% and learning achievements 91%. Poor satisfaction highlighted by respondents regarding the out-reach program were inadequacy of facilities and poor logistics 62% and quality of pre-departure preparation and briefing 66%. Nursing students reported significantly higher dissatisfaction (p=0.04) regarding teamwork and adequacy of onsite facilities and logistics. Conclusion: Findings from this study infers that student’s post-evaluation towards the UMS-led outreach is generally satisfactory but has specific shortfalls that need to be addressed.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethics Committees, Research
Fulltext Smartphone usage and addiction among nursing students in Universiti Malaysia Sabah

Segaran Ramodran, Lenny Seputri Masse, Nurul Hanis Syazwan Irawan, Suhailah Saniman

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):54-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Smartphone has become an essential Smart-tool for IT-based learning among university students. How- ever, excessive use of smartphones can be addictive leading to psychological distress, poor academic performance, social isolation and depression. In the context of University Malaysia Sabah (UMS), the issue of contention is whether smartphone addiction is a problem among nursing undergraduate students and thus the justification for this study. This study evaluated the pattern of usage smartphone and addiction among nursing students in UMS. Methods: The study deployed a cross-sectional survey design involving 100 (N) respondents selected through clustered convenient sampling from year 1(n=35), year 2 (n=35) and year 3 (n=30) nursing students who are currently pursuing their di- ploma study in UMS. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of UMS as well-informed consent from respondents. The study tool consisted of a well-establish validated questionnaire benchmarked from a previous study (reliability Cronbach α= 0.78) which captured respondents’ socio-demographics, smartphone us- age characteristic proforma and Smart Addiction Scale (SAS). Results: Among 100 nursing students in this study, 78% (n=78) of them had high smartphone usageaveraging 4.3 hours daily. The overall prevalence of smartphone addiction among nursing students in this study was 25% (n=25). Male student nurses significantly had higher smart- phone addiction scores compared to female students (p=0.01). Likewise, year 3 students had higher addiction scores compared to their peers in year 2 or year 1 (p=0.002). Conclusion: findings from this study imply that smartphone addiction affects 1 in 4 nursing students in UMS and there is a need to develop ‘digital detox” strategies to address the issue.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethics Committees, Research
Fulltext Association of Disease Knowledge and Medication Adherence Among Out-Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Khobar, Saudi Arabia

AlShayban DM, Naqvi AA, Alhumaid O, AlQahtani AS, Islam MA, Ghori SA, et al.

Front Pharmacol, 2020;11:60.
PMID: 32153397 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00060

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the association between disease knowledge and medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for three months, in patients with type 2 diabetes who visited three community pharmacies located in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. Patients' disease knowledge and their adherence to medications were documented using Arabic versions of the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test and the General Medication Adherence Scale respectively. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 23. Chi-square test was used to report association of demographics with adherence. Spearman's rank correlation was employed to report the relationship among HbA1c values, disease knowledge and adherence. Logistic regression model was utilized to report the determinants of medication adherence and their corresponding adjusted odds ratio. Study was approved by concerned ethical committee (IRB-UGS-2019-05-001).
Results: A total of 318 patients consented to participate in the study. Mean HbA1c value was 8.1%. A third of patients (N = 105, 33%) had high adherence and half of patients (N = 162, 50.9%) had disease knowledge between 51% - 75%. A significantly weak-to-moderate and positive correlation (ρ = 0.221, p < 0.01) between medication adherence and disease knowledge was reported. Patients with >50% correct answers in the diabetes knowledge test questionnaire were more likely to be adherent to their medications (AOR 4.46, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Disease knowledge in most patients was average and half of patients had high-to-good adherence. Patients with better knowledge were 4 to 5 times more likely to have high adherence. This highlights the importance of patient education and awareness regarding medication adherence in managing diabetes.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethics Committees, Research
Early permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: does a lower rate of nosocomial meningitis outweigh the risk of delayed cerebral vasospasm related morbidity?

Croci DM, Dalolio M, Aghlmandi S, Taub E, Rychen J, Chiappini A, et al.

Neurol Res, 2021 Jan;43(1):40-53.
PMID: 33106124 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1819091

Objective: Early permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion for hydrocephalus during the first 2 weeks after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) shortens the duration of external ventricular drainage (EVD) and reduces EVD-associated infections (EVDAI). The objective of this study was to detect any association with symptomatic delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS), or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) by the time of hospital discharge. Methods: We used a single-center dataset of aSAH patients who had received a permanent CSF diversion. We compared an 'early group' in which the procedure was performed up to 14 days after the ictus, to a 'late group' in which it was performed from the 15th day onward. Results: Among 274 consecutive aSAH patients, 39 (14%) had a permanent CSF diversion procedure with a silver-coated EVD. While the blood clot burden was similarly distributed, patients with early permanent CSF diversion (20 out of 39; 51%) had higher levels of consciousness on admission. Early permanent CSF diversion was associated with less colonized catheter, a shorter duration of extracorporeal CSF diversion (OR 0.73, 95%CI 0.58-0.92 per EVD day), and a lower rate of EVDAI (OR 0.08, 95%CI 0.01-0.80). The occurrence of CSF diversion device obstruction, the rate of symptomatic DCVS or detected DCI on computed tomography and the likelihood of a poor outcome at discharge did not differ between the two groups. Discussion: Early permanent CSF diversion lowers the occurrence of catheter colonization and infectious complication without affecting DCVS-related morbidity in good-grade aSAH patients. These findings need confirmation in larger prospective multicenter cohorts. Abbreviations: aSAH: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; BNI: Barrow Neurological Institute Scale; CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid; DCVS: Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm; DCI: Delayed Cortical Ischemia; EKNZ: Ethik-Kommission Nordwest Schweiz; EVD: External ventricular drain; EVDAI: External ventricular drain-associated infections; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; IRB: Institutional Review Board; IVH: Inraventricular hemorrhage; mRS: Modified Rankin Scale; SOS: Swiss Study of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Registry; WFNS: World Federation Neurological-Surgeon Scale.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethics Committees, Research
Challenges in the Ethical Review of Clinical and Biomedical Research in Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study

See HY, Mohamed MS, Nor SNM, Low WY

J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics, 2021 12;16(5):487-500.
PMID: 34292842 DOI: 10.1177/15562646211033191

Empirical evidence of the ethical review of clinical and biomedical research in Malaysia is limited. We have conducted a convergent mixed methods research, which comprises an online survey and semistructured interviews to examine the challenges in the ethical review of clinical and biomedical research. Data collected reveal that the ethics review process is inconsistent, duplicate, and inadequate. The results indicate a strong need for a centralized ethical review mechanism and a national system for mutual recognition of ethics reviews to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the ethics review system in Malaysia. A joint research ethics committee review between Malaysia and sponsoring countries for multinational research should also be encouraged as it could address the concerns of the lack of expertise and training.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethics Committees, Research
Defining Malaysia's health research ethics system through a stakeholder driven approach

Tackett S, Ng CJ, Sugarman J, Daniel EGS, Gopalan N, Tivyashinee T, et al.

Dev World Bioeth, 2024 Jun;24(2):74-83.
PMID: 36861660 DOI: 10.1111/dewb.12396

The need to understand the systems that support ethical health research has long been recognized, but there are limited descriptions of actual health research ethics (HRE) systems. Using participatory network mapping methods, we empirically defined Malaysia's HRE system. 13 Malaysian stakeholders identified 4 overarching and 25 specific HRE system functions and 35 actors internal and 3 external to the Malaysian HRE system responsible for those functions. Functions requiring the most attention were: advising on legislation related to HRE; optimizing research value to society; and defining standards for HRE oversight. Internal actors with the greatest potential for more influence were: the national network of research ethics committees; non-institution-based research ethics committees; and research participants. The World Health Organization, an external actor, had the largest untapped potential for influence overall. In summary, this stakeholder-driven process identified HRE system functions and actors that could be targeted to increase HRE system capacity.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethics Committees, Research*