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Displaying publications 21 - 26 of 26 in total

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Fulltext Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in a young boy: a case report

Guan-Fook N, Hayati AA, Raja-Azmi MN, Liza-Sharmini AT, Wan-Hazabbah WH, Zunaina E

Clin Ophthalmol, 2012;6:487-90.
PMID: 22536041 DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S29806

We report a case of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in a young boy with no clinical visualization of nematode. The diagnosis was made based on clinical findings and detection of Toxocara immunoglobulin G by Western blot test. An 11-year-old Malay boy presented with progressive blurring of vision in the left eye for a duration of 1 year. It was associated with intermittent floaters. Visual acuity in the left eye was 6/45 and improved to 6/24 with pinhole. There was positive relative afferent pupillary defect, impaired color vision, and presence of red desaturation in the left eye. There were occasional cells in the anterior chamber with no conjunctiva injection. Posterior segment examination revealed mild-to-moderate vitritis and generalized pigmentary changes of the retina with attenuated vessels. The optic disk was slightly hyperemic with mild edema. There was presence of multiple, focal, gray-white subretinal lesions at the inferior part of the retina. Full blood picture results showed eosinophilia with detection of Toxocara immunoglobulin G by Western blot test. Investigations for other infective causes and connective tissue diseases were negative. The diagnosis of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis secondary to Toxocara was made based on clinical findings and laboratory results. He was treated with oral albendazole 400 mg daily for 5 days and oral prednisolone 1 mg/kg with tapering doses over 6 weeks. At 1 month follow-up, the inflammation had reduced, and multiple, focal, gray-white subretinal lesions were resolved; however there was no improvement of vision.

Matched MeSH terms: Pupil Disorders
Comparison of mydriatic regimens used in screening for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants with dark irides

Chew C, Rahman RA, Shafie SM, Mohamad Z

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus, 2005 6 28;42(3):166-73.
PMID: 15977870

PURPOSE: To determine the mydriatic regimen that provides optimal dilation of the pupil with minimal systemic side effects for screening of retinopathy of prematurity.
METHODS: This cross-sectional, randomized, double-masked clinical trial compared cyclopentolate 1% + phenylephrine 2.5%, tropicamide 1% + phenylephrine 2.5%, and a prepared combination of cyclopentolate 0.2% with phenylephrine 1% for pupillary dilation in preterm infants with dark irides. Thirteen infants were randomized to each regimen. Outcomes measured were pupillary dilation, heart rate, blood pressure, abdominal girth, and intolerance to feeds.
RESULTS: All three mydriatic regimens provided adequate pupillary dilation at 45 minutes, with dilation sustained at 60 minutes. There was a significant increase in mean blood pressure in the cyclopentolate 1% + phenylephrine 2.5% and the tropicamide 1% + phenylephrine 2.5% groups. Although there was no significant change of abdominal girth in any of the three groups, a total of eight patients developed intolerance to feeds; four (50%) of these infants were from the cyclopentolate 1% + phenylephrine 2.5% group.
CONCLUSION: The prepared combination of cyclopentolate 0.2% + phenylephrine 1% appears to be the mydriatic of choice for preterm infants with dark irides as it provided adequate pupillary dilation with the least systemic side effects.

Matched MeSH terms: Pupil/drug effects*
Fulltext Choroidal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma presenting with exudative retinal detachment

Hor, S.M., Mushawiahti, M.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2017;7(1):62-65.
MyJurnal

A 42-year-old Chinese man, known case of renal cell carcinoma with lung metastasis, was referred to Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre for left eye blurring of vision for one month duration, which was worse upon
waking up in the morning and cleared up after 1-2 hours. On examination, visual acuities were 6/6 in both eyes. No
relative afferent pupillary defect. Left fundus showed inferonasal retinal detachment without macular involvement.
No retina break, no retinitis and no choroidal lesion seen. Right eye examination was normal. Optical coherence
tomography (OCT) of left eye showed subretinal fluid temporal and inferior to optic disc. Fundus fluorescein
angiography (FFA) left eye showed hypofluoresence in early phase but hyperfluorescence with pin point leakage in
late phase over inferonasal quadrant. Indocyanine green (ICG) showed early hypofluoresence with late pin point
hyperfluoresence in the same quadrant. A clinical diagnosis of exudative retinal detachment due to choroidal
metastasis secondary to renal cell carcinoma was made. The patient was planned for cyber-knife radiotherapy of his
left eye but unfortunately we lost the follow up. High index of suspicion and relevant investigation are needed for
patients with visual complaints and history of renal cell carcinoma to diagnose choroidal metastasis.

Matched MeSH terms: Pupil Disorders
Fulltext Choroidal melanoma – a silent killer

Pei, Fang Neoh, Tai, Evelyn L.M., Liza-Sharmini A.T.

Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2017;2(2):29-31.
MyJurnal

A 65-year-old lady complained of occasional flashes of light over her left eye for 2 months. She was referred for ocular assessment after she underwent refractive assessment at the optometrist. On examination, best corrected visual acuity in both eyes was 6/9. Both eyes anterior segments were normal, with normal intraocular pressure. The pupils were equal with no relative afferent pupillary defect. Left eye fundus examination was normal. On the contrary, the "normal" right eye fundus examination revealed a huge, well-circumscribed hypo-pigmented elevated choroidal mass. B scan ultrasonography of the right eye showed a mushroom-shaped intraocular mass. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intraocular lesion. Comprehensive systemic examination and investigations to rule out distant primary malignancy were unremarkable. A provisional diagnosis of right eye primary choroidal melanoma was made. Despite good vision in the affected eye, she underwent right eye enucleation in view of the large intraocular mass. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination.

Matched MeSH terms: Pupil Disorders
Fulltext Bilateral profound visual loss as a consequence of leukaemia – a case report

Raajini, Devi K., Safinaz, M.K., Hazlita, M.I.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2015;5(1):61-63.
MyJurnal

An 18-year-old Malay gentleman was noted to have profound bilateral blurred vision for one month duration, associated with loss of weight, appetite, low grade fever and abdominal distension. Visual acuity on presentation was 6/60 on the right, counting finger on the left with no afferent pupillary defect. Anterior segments were unremarkable. Vitreous cells were occasional bilaterally. Fundus revealed multiple choroidal and sub-retinal Roth spots with areas of pre-retinal and intra-retinal haemorrhages, involving the macula in the left eye. Vessels were dilated and tortuous in all quadrants of the right eye. Many areas of capillary fall out at peripheral retina were demonstrated in fundus fluorescein angiogram. Further systemic and laboratory review confirmed the diagnosis of CML and chemotherapy was initiated. Both eye ischaemic retinopathy secondary to CML was confirmed and scatter pan retinal photocoagulation was performed bilaterally. Good improvement in vision noted during subsequent follow up to 6/24 on the right, 6/60 on the left. High levels of suspicion and accurate early recognition of fundus changes are vital in these types of cases to ensure the institution of prompt treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Pupil Disorders
A comparison of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in primary school children

Choong YF, Chen AH, Goh PP

Am J Ophthalmol, 2006 Jul;142(1):68-74.
PMID: 16815252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.01.084

To evaluate the accuracy of autorefraction using three autorefractors comparing to subjective refraction in diagnosing refractive error in children.

Matched MeSH terms: Pupil/drug effects