MyMedR

Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features

Low QJ, Teo KZ, Thien LK, Lim TH, Cheo SW

J R Coll Physicians Edinb, 2020 12;50(4):387-391.

PMID: 33469613 DOI: 10.4997/JRCPE.2020.407

BACKGROUND: Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency. This study was carried out to determine the etiologies of cardiac tamponade and review the management and outcomes.

METHODS: We retrospectively analysed case records of patients who underwent pericardiocentesis for cardiac tamponade during the two consecutive years (1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019) at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail, Batu Pahat, in Johor, Malaysia.

RESULTS: There were ten patients (eight males, two females; age range 20 to 70 years old, mean age 36 years old) who underwent pericardiocentesis for cardiac tamponade during the said period. Malignancy (40%), tuberculosis (30%), idiopathic (20%), and bacterial (10%) were among the common causes of the pericardial effusion in this center. The commonest symptoms were breathlessness (90%), chest pain (60%), cough (50%), and unexplained fever (20%). Pulsus paradoxus was the most speciÿ c sign (100%) for the presence of echocardiographic feature of cardiac tamponade. Two of the patients with tuberculous pericarditis had retroviral disease; one patient had bacterial pericarditis due to salmonella typhi.

CONCLUSION: This study has conÿ rmed that there are many etiologies and presentation of cardiac tamponade; clinicians should be alert as urgent pericardiocentesis is lifesaving.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases, Interstitial*

Lung infection of rat with Cysticercus fasciolaris

Rohde K

Med J Malaya, 1966 Jun;20(4):355.

PMID: 4224365

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases, Parasitic*

Anaesthetic problems of space-occupying lesions of the chest

Manavalan AS

Med J Malaya, 1969 Dec;24(2):124-7.

PMID: 4244137

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases*

A new record for a Paragonimus-like trematode. Achillurbainia nouveli Dollfus, 1939 in West Malaysia

Kwo EH, Lim BL

Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):231.

PMID: 4234366

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases, Parasitic*

Pneumothorax: Classification and Etiology

Huan NC, Sidhu C, Thomas R

Clin Chest Med, 2021 12;42(4):711-727.

PMID: 34774177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.08.007

Pneumothorax is a common problem worldwide. Pneumothorax develops secondary to diverse aetiologies; in many cases, there may be no recognizable lung abnormality. The pathogenetic mechanism(s) causing spontaneous pneumothorax may be related to an interplay between lung-related abnormalities and environmental factors such as smoking. Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for primary spontaneous pneumothorax; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is most frequently associated with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. This review article provides an overview of the historical perspective, epidemiology, classification, and aetiology of pneumothorax. It also aims to highlight current knowledge and understanding of underlying risks and pathophysiological mechanisms in pneumothorax development.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases*

Fulltext Localised nodular pulmonary amyloidosis in a patient with sicca syndrome

Srinivas P, Liam CK, Jayaram G

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55(3):385-7.

PMID: 11200724

A 52 year old Chinese woman with a 25 year history of sicca syndrome (primary Sjogrens syndrome) was investigated for 3 episodes of haemoptysis. Clinical examination was unremarkable except for the presence of dry eyes and xerostomia. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a lobulated mass in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe. Histopathological examination of this resected nodule confirmed the diagnosis of nodular amyloidosis. The normal radiolabelled serum amyloid P component scintigraphy and the absence of monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia in the bone marrow strongly support the diagnosis of localised nodular pulmonary AL amyloidosis in this patient. Nodular pulmonary amyloidosis can be associated with sicca syndrome and often simulates bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchiectasis or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/complications*; Lung Diseases/pathology; Lung Diseases/radiography

Dengue fever complicated by pulmonary haemorrhage manifesting as haemoptysis

Liam CK, Yap BH, Lam SK

J Trop Med Hyg, 1993 Jun;96(3):197-200.

PMID: 8505777

A 17-year-old girl was admitted to hospital with dengue fever. On the ninth day of fever she developed haemoptysis and chest X-ray changes consistent with haemorrhage in her lungs. Thrombocytopaenia and mild coagulopathy were the most likely cause of this unusual haemoptysis in this patient. Investigations excluded other causes for the haemoptysis.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/complications; Lung Diseases/etiology*; Lung Diseases/radiography

Fulltext A case of empyema thoracis caused by actinomycosis

Hooi LN, Na BS, Sin KS

Med J Malaysia, 1992 Dec;47(4):311-5.

PMID: 1303486

A female patient who presented with left empyema thoracis caused by Actinomyces odontolyticus is reported. She responded to treatment with penicillin and metronidazole but after 3 weeks developed leucopenia complicated by gram-negative septicaemia. Leucopenia improved rapidly on withdrawal of metronidazole. Treatment was continued with a prolonged course of penicillin and she made an uneventful recovery.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/complications*; Lung Diseases/drug therapy; Lung Diseases/microbiology

Fulltext Intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst presenting with haemoptysis

Liam CK

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):404-5.

PMID: 7674976

A 36-year-old man presented with haemoptysis and his admission chest radiograph showed a large thin walled cystic lesion with an air-fluid level in the left lower lobe. The pathological diagnosis of the lesion, which was removed by a left lower lobe resection, was an intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/complications*; Lung Diseases/pathology; Lung Diseases/surgery

Surgical resection of pulmonary cryptococcomas in the presence of cryptococcal meningitis

Majid AA

J R Coll Surg Edinb, 1989 Dec;34(6):332-3.

PMID: 2628570

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases, Fungal/complications; Lung Diseases, Fungal/radiography; Lung Diseases, Fungal/surgery*

Pulmonary aspergilloma. Case reports from Malaysia

Arianayagam S, Jayalakshmi P, Tuck Soon SH

Mycopathologia, 1986 Mar;93(3):151-3.

PMID: 3520330

Pulmonary aspergilloma is by no means uncommon in Malaysia. The lack of documentation of its occurrence in Malaysia, is mainly due to the lack of clinical awareness, and the absence of facilities for the proper diagnosis of the infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases, Fungal/microbiology; Lung Diseases, Fungal/pathology*; Lung Diseases, Fungal/surgery

Spirochaetal pulmonary gangrene

Kanagarayer K

Malayan Medical Journal, 1927;2:58-60.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases

Pulmonary actinomycosis masquerading as aspergilloma

Rosdina Z, Nurul Yaqeen ME, Hanafiah M, Nor Salmah B

Med J Malaysia, 2017 04;72(2):147-149.

PMID: 28473686 MyJurnal

We report a case of a 34-year-old man who was initially treated as community acquired pneumonia following a three-month-history of productive cough, loss of weight and loss of appetite. However, three months after discharged from the hospital, he presented again with worsening respiratory symptoms and radiological evidence of a lung cavitation with intracavitary lesion resembling an aspergilloma associated with surrounding consolidation. Unfortunately, he remained symptomatic despite on antifungal therapy. The repeat computed-tomography demonstrated persistent cavitating lesion with development of necrotising pneumonia. He underwent lobectomy and the histopathological analysis of the resected specimen however revealed the diagnosis of actinomycosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/diagnosis*; Lung Diseases/microbiology; Lung Diseases/pathology

Acquired lung cysts in post primary tuberculosis: An uncommon radiological finding in a common disease

Tan LS, Tan S

Med J Malaysia, 2018 02;73(1):54-56.

PMID: 29531206 MyJurnal

Tuberculosis (TB) is still an endemic disease in Malaysia. Cystic lung disease in post primary tuberculosis is not common. It can occur before, during or after completion of anti-TB treatment. Clinical history and review of serial chest radiograph is paramount to make the diagnosis. This case report highlights an interesting case of a young female patient who developed extensive cystic lung disease during the course of anti-TB treatment and the importance of recognizing this unusual manifestation.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases

Fulltext Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia of Infancy. Clinical Score and Comorbidities

Liptzin DR, Pickett K, Brinton JT, Agarwal A, Fishman MP, Casey A, et al.

Ann Am Thorac Soc, 2020 Jun;17(6):724-728.

PMID: 32109152 DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201908-617OC

Rationale: Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is an important form of children's interstitial and diffuse lung disease for which the diagnostic strategy has evolved. The prevalence of comorbidities in NEHI that may influence treatment has not been previously assessed.Objectives: To evaluate a previously unpublished NEHI clinical score for assistance in diagnosis of NEHI and to assess comorbidities in NEHI.Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 199 deidentified patients with NEHI from 11 centers. Data were collected in a centralized Research Electronic Data Capture registry and we performed descriptive statistics.Results: The majority of patients with NEHI were male (66%). The sensitivity of the NEHI Clinical Score was 87% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82-0.91) for all patients from included centers and 93% (95% CI, 0.86-0.97) for those with complete scores (e.g., no missing data). Findings were similar when we limited the population to the 75 patients diagnosed by lung biopsy (87%; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93). Of those patients evaluated for comorbidities, 51% had gastroesophageal reflux, 35% had aspiration or were at risk for aspiration, and 17% had evidence of immune system abnormalities.Conclusions: The NEHI Clinical Score is a sensitive tool for clinically evaluating NEHI; however, its specificity has not yet been addressed. Clinicians should consider evaluating patients with NEHI for comorbidities, including gastroesophageal reflux, aspiration, and immune system abnormalities, because these can contribute to the child's clinical picture and may influence clinical course and treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis*; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/pathology; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/physiopathology

Fulltext The rabbit as a model for studying lung disease and stem cell therapy

Kamaruzaman NA, Kardia E, Kamaldin N', Latahir AZ, Yahaya BH

Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:691830.

PMID: 23653896 DOI: 10.1155/2013/691830

No single animal model can reproduce all of the human features of both acute and chronic lung diseases. However, the rabbit is a reliable model and clinically relevant facsimile of human disease. The similarities between rabbits and humans in terms of airway anatomy and responses to inflammatory mediators highlight the value of this species in the investigation of lung disease pathophysiology and in the development of therapeutic agents. The inflammatory responses shown by the rabbit model, especially in the case of asthma, are comparable with those that occur in humans. The allergic rabbit model has been used extensively in drug screening tests, and this model and humans appear to be sensitive to similar drugs. In addition, recent studies have shown that the rabbit serves as a good platform for cell delivery for the purpose of stem-cell-based therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/therapy*

Fulltext Foreign body aspiration in an adult: the great mimic

Ngoo KS, Ramzisham AR, Joanna OS, Zamrin DM

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Mar;63(1):61-2.

PMID: 18935737 MyJurnal

A middle-aged lady presented with a three-month history of chronic cough. After a long and extensive investigation, CT thorax revealed collapse consolidation of the right lower lung lobe and bronchoscopy showed a polypoidal tumour within the involved bronchus. Thoracotomy and segmental lung resection revealed a peanut in the airways of the fibrotic and infected lung tissue. In view of the rarity of the food particle aspiration in a healthy adult, the delay in presentation and diagnosis in our patient, we would like to highlight this particular case. A high index of suspicion of FBA is necessary to avoid unnecessary anxiety, extensive investigations and overzealous treatment as well as to promote lung conservation.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/diagnosis

Fulltext Home oxygen therapy for children with chronic lung diseases

Norzila MZ, Azizi BHO, Norrashidah AW, Yeoh NM, Deng CT

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56(2):151-7.

PMID: 11771074

Summary: Home oxygen therapy programme is new in Malaysia. This programme enables children with respiratory insufficiency to be discharged home early.
Materials and Methods: Long term oxygen therapy was initiated using an oxygen concentrator in patients who i) remained hypoxic while breathing room air, ii) experienced desaturations of more than 20% during sleep as seen in patients with severe laryngomalacia and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and iii) had pulmonary hypertension with or without polycythemia. The median with first and third quartile values are presented for the quantitative variables.
Results: A total of 71 patients mainly children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (32) and bronchiolitis obliterans (12) were discharged home on this programme. The median age at which home oxygen was initiated in children with BPD was 5.0 (Q1:2 Q3:8) months. The median total duration of oxygen requirement for BPD was 8.0 (Q1:5, Q3:12) months. The median duration of home oxygen dependency was 3.5 (Q1:3, Q3:6) months. However children with bronchiolitis obliterans required longer duration of oxygen therapy compared to children with BPD i.e. median duration of 28 months (Q1:14.5 Q3:66). In other respiratory conditions the mean duration of supplemental oxygen varies some of which may be life long.
Conclusions: This paper has shown the importance of home oxygen program in children with respiratory disorders. It has significantly shortened hospital stay and thus saves hospital costs and prevents prolonged separation from the family.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/therapy*

Fulltext Extra pelvic endometriosis and catamenial pneumothorax

Rachagan SP, Zawiah S, Menon A

Med J Malaysia, 1996 Dec;51(4):480-1.

PMID: 10968038

Extra pelvic endometriosis is rare and its presentation is varied. A case of pulmonary and umbilical endometriosis which presented as catamenial pneumothorax is presented. Due to poor response to medical treatment, a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was done to relieve the patient of her recurrent symptoms.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/complications*

Two cases of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia from Sabah

Barclay R

Med J Malaya, 1966 Dec;21(2):131-2.

PMID: 4227383

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Diseases/epidemiology*

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 149 in total