MyMedR

Fulltext Massive epistaxis secondary to pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery

Abdullah A, Putra SH, Saim L

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Mar;61(1):84-7.

Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms of internal carotid arteries are uncommon. The patients may present with massive epistaxis due to rupture of the aneurysm into the sphenoid sinus. Early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory as the likelihood of exsanguinations increases with each subsequent episode of epistaxis. The clinical features of unilateral blindness and massive epistaxis after head injury should indicate the diagnosis. The high mortality of this entity underlines the importance of early angiography in these patients to confirm this diagnosis. We present 3 cases of post-traumatic aneurysm of the ICA.

Fulltext Management of congenital choanal atresia (CCA) after multiple failures: A Case Report

Abdullah A, Abdul Rahman R, Aziz S, Abu Bakar S, AbAziz AA

Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):76-8.

PMID: 23466775 MyJurnal

Nasal obstruction in neonates is a potentially fatal condition because neonates are obligatory nasal breathers. Bilateral choanal atresia is therefore a neonatal emergency. Several approaches for corrections of choanal atresia are available including the helium laser: YAG. A 5-year-old Chinese girl born with bilateral choanal atresia, had birth asphyxia that required intubation. She underwent multiple surgeries for correction of choanal atresia at other hospitals but failed to improve. She was referred to Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC) after presenting with intermittent respiratory distress and cyanosis following an upper respiratory tract infection. A repeat computed tomography (CT) scan done preoperatively showed complete bony stenosis over the left choana and finding was confirmed by examination under general anesthesia. She underwent endoscopic transnasal removal of left bony atretic plate. There was no intra or postoperative complications. During follow up 10 years later, the airway on both sides remains patent.

Fulltext Sensitivity and specificity of portable transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) in newborn hearing screening

Abdullah A, Long CW, Saim L, Mukari SZM

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):21-7.

PMID: 16250276 MyJurnal

Early identification and management of hearing impairment is very valuable. The goal standard measurement of hearing loss is by brainstem evoked response (BSER). This prospective study was conducted in Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) to determine the sensitivity and specificity of transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) as a screening tool for hearing impairment from February 1999 to February 2000. One hundred and thirty-three newborns from postnatal ward and seventy-eight newborns from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were screened for possible hearing loss using portable TEOAE. This study showed that TEOAE is a very sensitive but moderately specific screening tool.

Fulltext The different faces of facial nerve schwannomas

Abdullah A, Mahmud MR, Sabir HA, Saim L

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):450-3.

PMID: 14750390

Facial nerve schwannomas are rare benign tumors. The tumor can arise anywhere along the course of the facial nerve. The most common presentation for this tumor is a slowly progressive facial nerve paralysis. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and tinnitus are later symptoms. The symptoms and signs depend on the site of tumor along the nerve. We report three cases of facial nerve schwannomas with different clinical presentations. Appropriate management of a facial nerve schwannoma should be based on the site and extent of the tumor and status of the nerve function.

Metabolites alterations associated with obesity: A scoping review

Abdullah A, Haron N, Mohamed E, Yusof MIM, Shahril MR

Med J Malaysia, 2024 Mar;79(Suppl 1):158-167.

PMID: 38555901

INTRODUCTION: Obesity can be considered a major public health concern throughout the world. Various studies have been conducted to combat the rising number of cases of this health problem. Therefore, identifying the roots of the disease is critical in developing the desperately needed treatment approaches. However, in order to fully understand the origin of this disease, figuring out the metabolites present, and the alterations that occurred in a particular metabolism are crucial, and the information regarding the metabolites involved is limited. The aim of this study is to analyse the literature relevant to the metabolites involved in obesity conditions through a scoping review.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review utilises three databases (SCOPUS, Science Direct, and PubMed). The search phrases used are (Metabolomic* OR Metabolite*) for metabolomic study, (3T3-L1 OR Adipocyte OR "Adipose Tissue") for experimental design, and (Obesity) for obesity condition. Each of the search keywords was separated by an "AND" term in the databases. Other terms related to obesity, such as insulin resistance, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, muscular disorders, respiratory problems, and psychological problems were omitted because they did not contribute to the total number of studies discovered.

RESULTS: A total of 27 research publications were included in this scoping review. Most of the study focuses on metabolomics in obesity. Metabolites detected were found in various metabolic pathways including amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids as well as other metabolisms. Most of these metabolites discovered in obese conditions showed an alteration when compared to the level of the metabolite in normal conditions.

CONCLUSION: Unfortunately, these studies had some limitations in which the metabolites detected varied between the articles and the information concerning the relationship between the technique or instrument utilised and the metabolites detected in the samples were not well described. Therefore, using the findings obtained in this study, it can help to determine the direction of the study in the future.

Fulltext Prevalence of menopausal symptoms, its effect to quality of life among Malaysian women and their treatment seeking behaviour

Abdullah B, Moize B, Ismail BA, Zamri M, Mohd Nasir NF

Med J Malaysia, 2017 04;72(2):94-99.

PMID: 28473671

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of menopausal symptoms, its effect to the quality of life and their treatment seeking behaviour in a multiracial community in Malaysia.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving postmenopausal women in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Data was obtained by face-to-face interview using standardised questionnaires on sociodemographic data, Menopause Rating Scale questionnaire, effect to quality of life and treatment sought.

RESULTS: A total of 258 women, including Malays (82%), Indians (14.1%) and Chinese (3.9%) were recruited. The median age was 58 (range 45-86) years old. Joint and muscular discomfort (73.3%) and fatigue (59.3%) were the most prevalent symptoms. Significant association with ethnicity were demonstrated with Malays was found to have 3.1 times higher incidence of sexual problems than Indians, (Odds Ratio (OR) 3.103; 95%CI 1.209, 7.967) and Indian had 2.6 times higher incidence of irritability compared to Malays (OR 2.598; 95%CI 1.126, 5.992). Fifty-two percent of women felt that menopausal symptoms affected their quality of life but there were only 2.7% who were severely affected. There were 24.8% of women who sought treatment and only 20.3% of those who took hormone replacement therapy. There was no significant association found between their treatment seeking behaviour in association with ethnicity, age, parity, marital and occupational status.

CONCLUSION: Menopausal symptoms were prevalent among menopausal women, although only a small group of women who were severely affected. There was a lack of tendency in seeking treatment for menopausal symptoms among the women.

Awareness of pelvic organ prolapse and attitude towards its treatment among Malaysian women

Abdullah B, Idris S, Md Jaafar SA, Ghazali NLA, Mat Liki NS, Aminuddin AA

Med J Malaysia, 2023 Nov;78(6):768-773.

PMID: 38031219

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to determine the level of awareness of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and factors that influence the attitude towards the treatment of POP among Malaysian women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 400 women from registered non-government organisations (NGOs) in Malaysia who voluntarily answered questionnaires distributed through Google form via emails. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA test.

RESULTS: Four hundred respondents participated in this study. The mean age was 40.42 years old (SD=12.566). The mean score for the studied population was 4.96 (SEM 0.124). Only 58 (14.5%) respondents obtained a score of eight or more, and 235 (58.8%) respondents scored between 4 and 7. The rest of 107 (26.7%) respondents scored 3 and less. There were statistically significant differences in the mean score for level of awareness between marital statuses, menopausal status, number of children and occupation. There were only 273 (68%) respondents who will seek treatment if they experience symptoms of POP. The most frequent reasons for not seeking treatment were unawareness of the availability of medical treatment for POP (69 %).

CONCLUSION: Majority of the respondents have an inadequate level of awareness on POP. Although more than half of the respondents will seek treatment if they experience symptoms of POP, concerns raised by those who chose not to seek treatment should be addressed by a more effective public awareness programme. This includes the unawareness of the availability of medical treatment and the embarrassment to see medical practitioners.

Fulltext Safety considerations in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Abdullah BJ, Bux SI, Chien D

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Dec;52(4):445-53; quiz 454.

PMID: 10968127

MRI is now an important diagnostic tool in medical management. There are numerous safety issues to be considered by the clinicians prior to requesting an MRI examination for their patients. These include those related to the magnetic field, gradient magnetic fields, the patient and contrast medium. This paper discusses the dangers and necessary precautions essential to reduce the risk of untoward complications from MRI.

Fulltext The impact of teleradiology in clinical practice--a Malaysian perspective

Abdullah BJ, Ng KH, Pathmanathan R

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):169-74.

PMID: 10972025

Teleradiology is the most mature and rapidly evolving specialty in telemedicine. The use of teleradiology has grown tremendously during the past few years. This article describes the role of teleradiology in health care along with a brief history of its development in tandem with advances in telecommunications and computer technologies. Teleradiology standards, image acquisition, data compression, transmission and image interpretation are summarised. The impact of teleradiology in the practice of radiology, traces the evolution of the modality especially in the Malaysian perspective and its current and future role are discussed.

Fulltext Preliminary report on somatostatin receptor imaging in rare endocrine tumours

Abdullah BJJ, Paramsothy M, Khir ASM, Chan SP

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):169-73.

PMID: 19839144

Our preliminary experience of Somatostatin Receptor Positive Tumour Scintigraphy (SRPTS) in the management of some rare neuroendocrine tumours is highlighted. Six patients were evaluated using SRPTS. A single patient each with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, recurrent medullary carcinoma of thyroid and Stage IV neuroblastoma. Two patients with phaeochromocytoma, and one patient with suspected insulinoma were evaluated. SRPTS was useful in three of the six patients studied i.e. patient with gastrinoma, recurrent medullary carcinoma of thyroid and metastatic neuroblastoma. SRPTS although expensive is a useful and cost-effective approach of rare endocrine tumours and it role as a first line tool in the diagnosis is discussed.

Fulltext Use of newly available febuxostat in a case of chronic tophaceous gout contraindicated to allopurinol and probenecid

Abdullah H, Asmahan MI, Rosman A

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):125-6.

PMID: 22582566 MyJurnal

Urate lowering therapy in this country has mainly been achieved by the use of allopurinol and probenecid. A new xanthine oxidase inhibitor called febuxostat has been approved in 2009 for treatment of hyperuricaemia in gout. In this report, we describe the management of a patient with chronic tophaceous gout using febuxostat. The reduction in serum uric acid to target levels was rapid, and the tophi size had also reduced significantly while on therapy. There was no unwanted side effect observed during the therapy. Therefore, febuxostat would be a useful alternative drug in the treatment of hyperuricaemia in gout patients who have contraindications to allopurinol and probenecid.
Study site: Rheumatology clinic, Selayang Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Fulltext Improving the management of brain injuries in Malaysian hospitals

Abdullah JM

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Jun;66(2):83.

PMID: 22106681

Fulltext Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a post-partum woman

Abdullah M

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):99-101.

PMID: 14556332

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is rare in adults. We report a 24 year old woman presenting with shortness of breath, chest pain and nausea after the birth of her first baby. Clinical examination, plain radiography and a CT scan revealed herniation of abdominal contents into her left chest. Via a midline laparotomy, the contents were reduced and the defect repaired, using a mesh. She remains symptom-free three years since her surgery and even after a second childbirth. A brief review of the literature reporting adult diaphragmatic hernia of congenital origin accompanies this case report. We conclude that symptomatic CDH in adults usually presents as an emergency with gastrointestinal and occasionally respiratory complications. Early diagnosis and repair is essential to avoid subsequent morbidity and mortality.

Fulltext Pancreatitis in primary hyperparathyroidism

Abdullah M

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Oct;58(4):600-3.

PMID: 15190638

The cause and effect relationship between acute pancreatitis and primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) still evokes controversy. Our paper reviews the debate in the medical literature. In this controversy we add a case of a 49-year old non-alcoholic man presenting with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis. His raised serum calcium was realized rather late. Eventually, high intact parathyroid hormone levels led to open neck exploration and finding of a solitary parathyroid adenoma. Post-surgery, serum calcium returned to normal and abdominal symptoms disappeared. The case report and the accompanying literature review support our belief, that acute pancreatitis is one of the symptoms of pHPT often caused by a parathyroid adenoma and curable by its excision.

Fulltext Reproductive function after treatment of ovarian germ cell malignancy

Abdullah NA, Rushdan MN

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):71-6.

PMID: 22582552 MyJurnal

This study was undertaken to evaluate the reproductive and oncologic outcomes of patients diagnosed with Ovarian Germ Cell Malignancy (OGCM) who underwent fertility preserving surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy treated in Gynaecology Oncology Unit, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Kedah, Malaysia.

Granulocyte-Macrophage colony stimulating factor in asthmatic patients infected with respiratory syncytial virus

Abdullah SF

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):177-182.

PMID: 33742625

INTRODUCTION: It is estimated that at least 30 to 40% of asthma attacks in adults are related to respiratory infections with viruses. The majority of asthma-related viruses include respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, and parainfluenza. Inflammatory cytokines are supposed to play a vital role in causing inflammation of the respiratory tract as regulators of proliferation, chemotaxis, and activation of inflammatory cells.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess the role of Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GMCSF) in asthmatic airway hyper-responsiveness associated with RSV infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty five asthmatic cases and 45 healthy individuals were studied in a cross-sectional design. All asthmatics underwent symptom score assessment.GMCSF concentrations in sputum and RSV-IgM/IgG in serum samples were measured for all participants by Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA).

RESULTS: The GM-CSF concentration level was significantly higher in asthmatics (270.27± 194.87pg/mL) especially among moderate and severe disease with mean concentration of 197.33±98.47 and 521.08± 310.04 respectively, compared to healthy controls (22.20±21.27 pg/ mL) (p =0.0001). The sputum level of GM-CSF in asthmatics is highly significant associated with positive anti-RSV IgG sera which represents 35/45(77.8%) with mean GM-CSF concentration of (276.99± 86.42) compared with controls at about 31/45 (68.9%) with GM-CSF mean concentration of (22.84±23.47). On the other hand, positive anti-RSV IgM in asthma cases was 8 out of 45(17.8 %) with GM-CSF mean concentration of (307.25± 306.65). Furthermore, GM-CSF sputum level was significantly correlated with eosinophil count especially in moderate and severe asthma.

CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that GM-CSF level is associated with eosinophilia and indicates asthma severity that might be evident during RSV infection .The distinctive GM-CSF features observed in the sputum from asthmatics with RSV may be useful as a diagnostic methods to help match patients with antibody therapy.

Fulltext Fulminant hepatic failure and shigella bacteremia

Abidin Z, Iyngkaran N, Puthucheary SD

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Jun;38(2):112-3.

PMID: 6353185

A three and a half year old boy with shigellosis developed fulminant hepatic failure. The hepatic derangements rapidly improved over a period of two weeks after treatment of the shigellosis with parenteral gentamicin. We believe this is the first documented report of fulminant hepatic failure due to shigella sepsis.

Fulltext The role of intravenous nutrition in low birth-weight infants

Abidin Z, Kuhan N

Med J Malaysia, 1984 Sep;39(3):192-6.

PMID: 6443580

Seven infants with birth weights less than lS00g received total parenteral nutrition for seven to 16 days through the peripheral route, commencing within the first 24 hours of life. Excessive weight loss was prevented and the infants showed significant weight gain. The time required to regain the initial birth weight showed an improvement over that expected in conventionally managed infants. Metabolic and septic complications were minimal and easily manageable. The results demonstrate that the technique, when properly used, warrants consideration in feeding low birth weight infants incapable of tolerating enteral feeding.

Legal minimum standards of medical care for people in detention in Malaysia

Abraham R

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58 Suppl A:123-33.

PMID: 14556360

Fulltext Imaging of Osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis(OOKP) Using Multidetector Computed Tomography: A UKMMC Experience

Abu Bakar N, Lee CL

Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):73-5.

PMID: 23466774

Osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis (OOKP) surgery is a technique used to replace damaged cornea in blind patients for whom cadaveric transplantation is not feasible. OOKP surgery is a complex procedure requiring lifetime follow-up. The preservation of the osteo-odontolamina is the vital feature in maintaining the stability of the OOKP. Early detection of lamina resorption enables early prophylactic measures to be taken and prevent resorption-related complications. This case illustrates the radiological findings of the first OOKP surgery in Malaysia and the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in postoperative management of OOKP surgery.

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