Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 112 in total

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  1. Fulltext Characterization of Edwardsiella tarda isolated from Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer
    Nadirah, M., Najiah M., Teng, S. Y.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(3):1247-1252.
    MyJurnal
    This study described the antibiotic and heavy metal resistance pattern of 17 isolates of Edwardsiella tarda obtained from Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). E.tarda isolates were resistant to oleandomycin, lincomycin, novobiocin and spiramycin. In contrast, most of the isolates showed high level of susceptibility to tetracycline, doxycycline, florfenicol, chloramplenicol, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, kanamycin, oxolinic acid and flumequine. MAR value was 0.35 which indicated that the cultured Asian seabass have received high exposure to those tested antibiotics. Besides, very high level of heavy metal resistance among these isolates was observed. Genotypic profile of DNA fingerprintings generated by RAPD-PCR using M13 universal primer and M13 wild type phage primer showed high degree of genetic diversity with percentages similarity and genetic distance among the isolates were ranging from 10.5% to 100% and 0 to 0.895, respectively. This result indicates that strains that belong to the same origin were not always closely related genetically.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  2. Fulltext Investigation of stx 2 + eae + Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef imported from Malaysia to Thailand
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(1):381-386.
    MyJurnal
    To gain insight into the microbiological safety of food products routinely traded across international borders in Southeast Asian countries, beef imported from Malaysia to southern Thailand was examined for contamination with Escherichia coli O157 and its subsequent spread into the imported areas. We screened 31 samples exported from Malaysia and 36 domestic Thai samples. Isolation methods including an O157 antigen-targeted immunomagnetic separation technique, screening on CHROMagar O157 medium, and serotype confirmation of E. coli isolates by specific agglutination tests were employed. Fourteen strains of E. coli O157:H7 were isolated from eight Malaysian samples (25.8%) and six strains from four Thai samples (11.1%). These strains were of the stx1-stx2+eae+ genotype except one Malaysian strain which was of the stx1- stx2- eae+ genotype. All 19 O157:H7 strains possessing the stx2 gene produced little or no Stx2 (reversed passive latex agglutination titer ≤ 4). Of the 19 strains, five Malaysian (38.5%) and two Thai (33.3%) strains exhibited resistance to a set of antibiotics. Finally, the results of two DNA fingerprinting
    analyses (O157 IS-printing targeted to IS629 and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE) of the O157:H7 strains possessing the stx2 gene, indicated that the Malaysian and Thai strains are closely related. Therefore, E. coli O157:H7 might be transferred from Malaysia to southern Thailand through beef trade.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  3. Fulltext Molecular confirmation and characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from retailed fish
    Vincent, M., Chan, C. S. W., Apun, K.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(4):1705-1710.
    MyJurnal
    The present study was conducted to assess the rapid molecular identification and characterization of 45 Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from 15 samples of 3 different types of fish (Kembung, Bawal and Sangeh) in the Kuching-Samarahan district. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based confirmation was done targeting the 450 bp fragment of the thermolabile (tl) gene, while DNA fingerprinting was performed using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR with the primer GEN15008. All the 45 V. parahaemolyticus isolates were positive for the tl gene, however, only 34 were typable via RAPD-PCR with bands sizes ranging from slightly over 250 bp to 2.5 kbp. The degree of diversity was then determined via the Simpson Index which showed a value of 0.891, indicating high diversity among the isolates. Data from the RAPD-PCR fingerprints were later used to construct a dendrogram for clustal analysis. From the dendrogram, the 34 isolates were grouped into 2 major clusters containing 26 and 8 isolates, respectively. Further analyses of the dendrogram also indicated that the 34 isolated were clustered according to the period of sampling. This is an interesting observation as it shows the high discriminatory capability of RAPD-PCR to be used as molecular epidemiological tool to study the temporal distribution of V. parahaemolyticus.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  4. Fulltext The distribution and characteristics of bacteria in recreational river water of a community resort in Baram, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
    Lihan, S., Tian, P.K,, Chiew, T.S., Ching, C.L., Shahbudin, A., Hussain, H., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2017;24(5):2238-2245.
    MyJurnal
    Enterobacteriaceae is a large family within the Gram-negative bacteria that primarily inhabits in the gastrointestinal tract of human and animals. The bacteria within this group are readily survived in the environment with some species found living free in the water where energy sources are scarce, making them ideal indicators for faecal contamination of the river water. Some species within the family have been used as indicator for the presence of pathogenic bacteria whilst on the other hand some species have been directly associated with various diseases in human and animals. The main aim of this research study was to determine the distribution and characteristics of the Enterobacteriaceae in water samples collected from river and waterfalls within a community resort. The health risk associated with the bacteria was analysed with regard to their susceptibility to antibiotics. Samples were collected from surface water and water falling down directly from waterfalls of river within the community resort. The samples collected were plated onto Eosine Methylene Blue agar (EMBA) for the isolation of the Enterobacteriaceae. Bacterial colonies growing on the agar were randomly picked, purified, stocked and then identified using API 20E identification kit. DNA fingerprinting using (GTG)5-PCR was utilised to determine their genetic profiles before the isolates were grouped into a dendrogram using RAPDistance software package. The level of antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria isolates was analysed using disc diffusion technique. This study confirmed the presence of Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Pantoea and Serratia in the water samples with their single and multiple antibiotic resistance and susceptible characteristics. The dendrogram presented in this study shows genetic similarities and differences among the strains, suggesting while there is a potential for single distribution of a clone, there is also possibility of the distribution of different strains within species in the water environment. Therefore, awareness on the potential risk associated with genetically diverse intermediate and resistant enteric bacteria in the recreational water should be communicated to the public especially communities within the study area.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  5. Genetic study of 12 X-STRs in Malay population living in and around Kuala Lumpur using Investigator Argus X-12 kit
    Samejima M, Nakamura Y, Nambiar P, Minaguchi K
    Int J Legal Med, 2012 Jul;126(4):677-83.
    PMID: 22584910 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-012-0705-7
    We investigated 12 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms in 283 unrelated Malay individuals (160 males and 123 females) living in and around Kuala Lumpur using the Investigator Argus X-12 kit. Heterozygosity among the present 12 X-STRs showed a distribution of from 55.3 to 93.5 %. The diversity values of the haplotypes constructed using four closely linked groups were all higher than 0.9865. A comparison of allelic frequency in each system and haplotype variation indicated that the nature of these X-STRs in the Malay population differed from that in East Asian, European, or African populations. Several microvariant alleles found in the Malay population were characterized and compared with known sequence data. The present data may be helpful in forensic casework such as personal identification and kinship testing in the Malay population in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  6. Sequence polymorphisms of mtDNA HV1, HV2, and HV3 regions in the Malay population of Peninsular Malaysia
    Nur Haslindawaty AR, Panneerchelvam S, Edinur HA, Norazmi MN, Zafarina Z
    Int J Legal Med, 2010 Sep;124(5):415-26.
    PMID: 20502908 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-010-0469-x
    The uniparentally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is in the limelight for the past two decades, in studies relating to demographic history of mankind and in forensic kinship testing. In this study, human mtDNA hypervariable segments 1, 2, and 3 (HV1, HV2, and HV3) were analyzed in 248 unrelated Malay individuals in Peninsular Malaysia. Combined analyses of HV1, HV2, and HV3 revealed a total of 180 mtDNA haplotypes with 149 unique haplotypes and 31 haplotypes occurring in more than one individual. The genetic diversity was estimated to be 99.47%, and the probability of any two individuals sharing the same mtDNA haplotype was 0.93%. The most frequent mtDNA haplotype (73, 146, 150, 195, 263, 315.1C, 16140, 16182C, 16183C, 16189, 16217, 16274, and 16335) was shared by 11 (4.44%) individuals. The nucleotide diversity and mean of pair-wise differences were found to be 0.036063 ± 0.020101 and 12.544022 ± 6.230486, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  7. MtDNA control region sequence polymorphisms and phylogenetic analysis of Malay population living in or around Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia
    Maruyama S, Nohira-Koike C, Minaguchi K, Nambiar P
    Int J Legal Med, 2010 Mar;124(2):165-70.
    PMID: 19533161 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-009-0355-6
    Control region polymorphisms in the mitochondrial DNA of 124 unrelated individuals from the Malay population living in or around Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia were investigated and phylogenetic haplogroup lineages were determined. The intergenic COII/tRNALys 9-bp deletion, 3010 and 5178 mutations, and several coding region polymorphisms were examined to discriminate some phylogenetic haplogroups. Sequence comparison of the control regions led to the identification of 117 mitochondrial haplotypes, in which 103 types were observed in only one individual and the other nine types were shared by more than two individuals. Gene diversity was estimated to be 0.997. Phylogenetic haplogroup determination revealed that the gene pool of the modern Malay population in Malaysia consisted mainly of southeast Asian, east Asian, unidentified and unique, and aboriginal southeast-specific haplogroups. These results suggest a multi-original nature for the modern Malay population. The present database may help not only in personal identification but also in determining geographic origin in forensic casework in Malaysian, Southeast Asian and East Asian populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  8. Paternal lineage affinity of the Malay subethnic and Orang Asli populations in Peninsular Malaysia
    SharifahNany RahayuKarmilla S, Aedrianee AR, Nur Haslindawaty AR, Nur Azeelah A, Panneerchelvam S, Norazmi MN, et al.
    Int J Legal Med, 2018 Jul;132(4):1087-1090.
    PMID: 29052042 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1697-0
    Peninsular Malaysia is populated by the Malays, Chinese, Indians, and Orang Asli. We have analyzed 17 Y-STRs loci for 243 randomly unrelated individuals, which include 153 Malays (7 Acheh, 13 Champa, 11 Rawa, 9 Kedah, 23 Minang, 15 Bugis, 43 Kelantan, 14 Jawa, and 18 Bugis) and 90 Orang Asli [54 Semang (16 Kensiu, 13 Lanoh, 25 Bateq); 30 Senoi (21 Semai, 9 Che Wong); and 6 Proto-Malay (6 Orang Kanaq)] from selected settlements in Peninsular Malaysia using the AmpFlSTR Yfiler™ kit (Applied Biosystems™). The overall haplotype diversity is 0.9966, i.e., 0.9984 for the Malays and 0.9793 for the Orang Asli. A total of 158 haplotypes (65.02%) were individually unique. The p value and pairwise Rst analysis was calculated to show the genetic structure of the samples with other world populations (from YHRD website). Based on the Y-STR data, Champa, Acheh, Kedah, Minang, and Kelantan are clustered together. Lanoh and Kensiu (Semang) are very closely related, suggesting similar paternal ancestry. Jawa Malays and Indonesian Java, plus the Bugis Malays and Australian Aborigines shared high degree of paternal lineage affinity. This study presents data for very precious relict groups, who are the earliest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  9. Population data of 21 autosomal STR loci in Malaysian populations for human identification
    Rashid MNA, Mahat NA, Khan HO, Wahab RA, Maarof H, Ismail D, et al.
    Int J Legal Med, 2020 Sep;134(5):1675-1678.
    PMID: 32222814 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02279-z
    The use of 21 autosomal STR loci for human identification has been gaining popularity throughout the world. It has been indicated that the forensic statistical parameters for supporting the use of 21 STR loci varied among different populations. Hitherto, such data for the diverse Malaysian populations remain unreported, rendering doubts in the court of law about its real ability for human identification in Malaysian population. Using the GlobalFiler™ Express PCR Amplification Kit, complete DNA profiles of 21 STR loci from buccal swabs of convicted Malaysian criminal (n = 570; 190 each for Malays, Chinese, and Indians) (by the year 2016-2017) were analyzed for their allele frequencies, exact test of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, observed and expected heterozygosity, power of discrimination, power of exclusion, match probability, and polymorphism information content. Most of the loci were found to be in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after the Bonferroni correction. Being the most informative locus, SE33 demonstrated the highest power of discrimination and power of exclusion, indicating its usefulness to discriminate individuals. In contrast, TPOX had the lowest power of discrimination and power of exclusion, as well as being the less informative genetic locus for all Malaysian population studied here. The probabilities that two individuals would share the same DNA profiles among the Malaysian Malays, Chinese, and Indians, as well as in general Malaysian population, were 1.3713 × 10-25, 2.8822 × 10-25, 7.5668 × 10-26, and 1.0385 × 10-26, respectively. The results obtained here were found comparable with similar studies reported in other populations. Hence, its robustness for forensic human identification among the Malaysian populations is, therefore, statistically supported.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting/instrumentation*
  10. Pangolin Indexing System: implications in forensic surveillance of large seizures
    Singh A, Priyambada P, Jabin G, Singh SK, Joshi BD, Venkatraman C, et al.
    Int J Legal Med, 2020 Sep;134(5):1613-1618.
    PMID: 32621146 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02362-5
    Demand for pangolin scales in East Asia has increased dramatically in the past two decades, raising concern to the pangolin survival and bringing them to the brink of local extinction. Enumerating the number of individuals from the seized pangolin scales primarily goes undocumented, mostly due to the unavailability of the appropriate methods. In this study, we developed a Pangolin Indexing System, a multi-locus STR panel of eight dinucleotide microsatellites that showed promising results in individualization and assignment of scales into Chinese and Indian pangolins. The combined power of exclusion was 0.83 and 0.99 for Chinese and Indian pangolin. The select panel of eight polymorphic STRs exhibited the cumulative probability of identity 3.7 × 10-9 for Indian pangolin and 3.6 × 10-7 for Chinese pangolin and identified 51 unique genotypes from the 74 scales selected from the four pangolin seizures. The study demonstrated the first report of cross-species validation of STRs developed from Malayan pangolin to Indian pangolin and showed the potential application of Pangolin Indexing System in screening of large seizures through DNA profiling from the scales of Indian and Chinese pangolin.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting/methods*
  11. Population data and genetic characteristics of 12 X-STR loci using the Investigator® Argus X-12 Quality Sensor kit for the Kedayan population of Borneo in Malaysia
    Hakim HM, Khan HO, Ismail SA, Lalung J, Kofi AE, Aziz MY, et al.
    Int J Legal Med, 2021 Jul;135(4):1433-1435.
    PMID: 33782746 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02577-0
    DNA profiling of X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (X-STR) has exceptional value in criminal investigations, especially for complex kinship and incest cases. In this study, Investigator® Argus X-12 Quality Sensor (QS) kits were successfully used to characterize 12 X-STR loci in 199 unrelated healthy Kedayan individuals living in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia. The LG1 haplogroup (DXS8378 - DXS10135 - DXS10148) has the largest HD (0.9799) as compared with all other closely linked haplotype groups examined (LG2; DXS7132-DXS10074-DXS10079, LG3; DXS10103-DXS10101-HPRTB and LG4; DXS10134-DXS7423-DXS10146). Data from statistical analysis showed that high combined of PDM, PDF, MEC_Krüger, MEC_Kishida, MEC_Desmarais, and MEC_Desmarais_duo values (0.999999994405922, 0.99999999999999, 0.999990463834938, 0.999999975914808, 0.999999975985006, and 0.999996491927194, respectively) in the Kedayan. In a two-dimensional scaling (MDS) plot and dendrogram constructed using allele frequencies at the 12 X-STR loci, Kedayan appear to be most closely related to their other Austronesian populations including the Malays and Filipinos as compared with other reference population groups. Findings from the present study thus demonstrate high genetic variability across the 12 tested X-STR loci and can be used for population studies and forensic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting/instrumentation*
  12. Amycolatopsis saalfeldensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from a medieval alum slate mine
    Carlsohn MR, Groth I, Tan GYA, Schütze B, Saluz HP, Munder T, et al.
    Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2007 Jul;57(Pt 7):1640-1646.
    PMID: 17625209 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64903-0
    Three actinomycetes isolated from the surfaces of rocks in a medieval slate mine were examined in a polyphasic taxonomic study. Chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics of the isolates were typical of strains of the genus Amycolatopsis. The isolates had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and formed a distinct phyletic line towards the periphery of the Amycolatopsis mediterranei clade, being most closely related to Amycolatopsis rifamycinica. The organisms shared a wide range of genotypic and phenotypic markers that distinguished them from their closest phylogenetic neighbours. On the basis of these results, a novel species, Amycolatopsis saalfeldensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is HKI 0457(T) (=DSM 44993(T)=NRRL B-24474(T)).
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  13. Macrorestriction analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling of Salmonella enterica at a University Teaching Hospital, Kuala Lumpur
    Tiong V, Thong KL, Yusof MY, Hanifah YA, Sam JI, Hassan H
    Jpn J Infect Dis, 2010 Sep;63(5):317-22.
    PMID: 20858996
    The genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance rates of clinical Salmonella isolates (2007-2008) at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, were investigated and the genetic diversity of the isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR. XbaI-PFGE analysis generated 57 profiles (Dice coefficient, F=0.08-1.00), whereas REP-PCR using the REP primer generated only 35 (F=0.34-1.00). PFGE was therefore the more discriminative and reproducible method for assessing the genetic diversity of salmonellae. The antibiograms of 78 Salmonella isolates were assessed against 19 antimicrobials using the disk diffusion method. Twenty serotypes were identified, with the most common being S. Enteritidis (18%) followed by S. Typhimurium (14%), S. Paratyphi B var Java (9%), S. Weltevreden (9%), and S. Corvallis (9%). A total of 38 resistant profiles were defined, with 53.8% of the isolates being resistant to three or more antimicrobials. The highest resistance rates were observed for cephalothin (55.1%), tetracycline (47.4%), and nalidixic acid (35.9%). The presence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains is a cause for concern as it may limit the treatment of severe salmonellosis. One multidrug-resistant S. Enteritidis strain was a putative extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producer, based on a double disk diffusion analysis, and was resistant to ceftriaxone (MIC>32 microg/mL). The data generated by this study will contribute towards epidemiological monitoring and investigations of Salmonella infections in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  14. Comparison of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from a tertiary hospital in Terengganu, Malaysia
    Lim KT, Yeo CC, Suhaili Z, Thong KL
    Jpn J Infect Dis, 2012;65(6):502-9.
    PMID: 23183202
    Staphylococcus aureus is a persistent human pathogen responsible for a variety of infections ranging from soft-tissue infections to bacteremia. The objective of this study was to determine genetic relatedness between methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains. We isolated 35 MRSA and 21 MSSA strains from sporadic cases at the main tertiary hospital in Terengganu, Malaysia, screening them for the presence of virulence genes. Their genetic relatedness was determined by accessory gene regulator (agr) types, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the coa gene, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), S. aureus protein A (spa), and multilocus-sequence typing (MLST). We found that 57% of MRSA and 43% of MSSA strains harbored enterotoxin genes. The majority (87.5%) of the strains were agr type I. PCR-RFLP and PFGE genotyping of the coa gene revealed that MRSA strains were genetically related, whereas MSSA strains had higher heterogeneity. The combined genotype, MLST-spa type ST239-t037, was shared among MRSA and MSSA strains, indicating that MRSA strains could have evolved from MSSA strains. Two combined MLST-spa types were present in MRSA strains, whereas 7 different MLST-spa types were detected in MSSA strains, including 2 combined types (ST779-t878 and ST1179-t267) that have not been reported in Malaysia. In conclusion, enterotoxin genes were more prevalent in MRSA than in MSSA strains in the Terengganu hospital. The MSSA strains were genetically more diverse than the MRSA strains.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  15. Prevalence of mupirocin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from a Malaysian hospital
    Lim KT, Hanifah YA, Mohd Yusof MY, Thong KL
    Jpn J Infect Dis, 2010 Jul;63(4):286-9.
    PMID: 20657072
    Mupirocin is used topically to treat skin infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). One hundred eighty-eight strains (isolated in 2003, 2004, 2007, and 2008) were tested for mupirocin susceptibility using disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Mupirocin resistance was detected in 10 (5%) strains with 2 of them showing MIC of 256 mg/l. PCR detection using gene-specific primers showed that all 10 mupirocin-resistant strains harbored ileS2 gene whereas mupA gene was detected in 2 mupirocin-resistant strains with MIC of 256 mg/l. Amplification of agr grouping and SCCmec typing showed that all 10 strains were agr group I and SCCmec type III. Sequence analysis of region X of the spa gene yielded 4 distinct spa types (t037, t363, t421, and t6405) which were clonally related. In conclusion, the rate of mupirocin resistance in Malaysia is still low but is much higher than previous reports in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  16. Fulltext Molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from fishes in Malaysia
    Amal MN, Zamri-Saad M, Siti-Zahrah A, Zulkafli AR, Nur-Nazifah M
    J Appl Microbiol, 2013 Jul;115(1):20-9.
    PMID: 23557382 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12210
    AIMS: The aim of this study was to characterize Streptococcus agalactiae strains that were isolated from fishes in Malaysia using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR) techniques.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 181 strains of Strep. agalactiae isolated from red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii) were characterized using RAPD and REP-PCR techniques. Both the fingerprinting techniques generated reproducible band patterns, differing in the number and molecular mass amplicons. The RAPD technique displayed greater discriminatory power by its production of more complex binding pattern and divided all the strains into 13 groups, compared to 9 by REP-PCR technique. Both techniques showed the availability to differentiate the genetic profiles of the strains according to their geographical location of origin. Three strains of Strep. agalactiae that were recovered from golden pompano showed a genetic dissimilarity from the strains isolated from red hybrid tilapia, while the strain of ATCC 27956 that recovered from bovine displayed a unique profile for both methods.

    CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques possess excellent discriminative capabilities and can be used as a rapid means of comparing Strep. agalactiae strains for future epidemiological investigation.

    SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Framework as the guideline in traceability of this disease and in the search for potential local vaccine candidates for streptococcosis in this country.

    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting/methods
  17. DNA fingerprinting of human isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi B in Malaysia
    Goh YL, Yasin R, Puthucheary SD, Koh YT, Lim VK, Taib Z, et al.
    J Appl Microbiol, 2003;95(5):1134-42.
    PMID: 14633043
    DNA fingerprinting of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi B isolated in Malaysia during 1982-83, 1992 and 1996-2002 was carried out by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), antimicrobial susceptibility tests and D-tartrate utilization tests to assess the extent of genetic diversity of these isolates in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting*
  18. Fulltext Characterization of multidrug resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates from hospitals in Malaysia
    Lim KT, Yasin R, Yeo CC, Puthucheary S, Thong KL
    J Biomed Biotechnol, 2009;2009:165637.
    PMID: 19672454 DOI: 10.1155/2009/165637
    The emergence of Escherichia coli that produce extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and are multidrug resistant (MDR) poses antibiotic management problems. Forty-seven E. coli isolates from various public hospitals in Malaysia were studied. All isolates were sensitive to imipenem whereas 36 were MDR (resistant to 2 or more classes of antibiotics). PCR detection using gene-specific primers showed that 87.5% of the ESBL-producing E. coli harbored the blaTEM gene. Other ESBL-encoding genes detected were blaOXA, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M. Integron-encoded integrases were detected in 55.3% of isolates, with class 1 integron-encoded intI1 integrase being the majority. Amplification and sequence analysis of the 5'CS region of the integrons showed known antibiotic resistance-encoding gene cassettes of various sizes that were inserted within the respective integrons. Conjugation and transformation experiments indicated that some of the antibiotic resistance genes were likely plasmid-encoded and transmissible. All 47 isolates were subtyped by PFGE and PCR-based fingerprinting using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), repetitive extragenic palindromes (REPs), and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC). These isolates were very diverse and heterogeneous. PFGE, ERIC, and REP-PCR methods were more discriminative than RAPD in subtyping the E. coli isolates.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
  19. Fulltext Sequence polymorphism and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the flagellin gene of Burkholderia pseudomallei
    Tay ST, Cheah PC, Puthucheary SD
    J Clin Microbiol, 2010 Apr;48(4):1465-7.
    PMID: 20089759 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01131-09
    Four flagellin allelic types (I to IV) of Burkholderia pseudomallei were identified based on their sequence variation and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the amplified flagellin gene. Flagellin allelic type I was the most predominantly (75.0%) found among the 100 clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei investigated in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting*
  20. Fulltext Predominance and emergence of clones of hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Malaysia
    Ghaznavi-Rad E, Nor Shamsudin M, Sekawi Z, Khoon LY, Aziz MN, Hamat RA, et al.
    J Clin Microbiol, 2010 Mar;48(3):867-72.
    PMID: 20089756 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01112-09
    We define the epidemiology of predominant and sporadic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in a central teaching and referral hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This is done on the basis of spa sequencing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and virulence gene profiling. During the period of study, the MRSA prevalence was 44.1%, and 389 MRSA strains were included. The prevalence of MRSA was found to be significantly higher in the patients of Indian ethnicity (P < 0.001). The majority (92.5%) of the isolates belonged to ST-239, spa type t037, and possessed the type III or IIIA SCCmec. The arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) arcA gene was detected in three (1.05%) ST-239 isolates. We report the first identification of ACME arcA gene-positive ST-239. Apart from this predominant clone, six (1.5%) isolates of ST-22, with two related spa types (t032 and t4184) and a singleton (t3213), carrying type IVh SCCmec, were detected for the first time in Asia. A limited number of community-acquired (CA) MRSA strains were also detected. These included ST-188/t189 (2.1%), ST-1/t127 (2.3%), and ST-7/t091 (1%). Panton-Valentin leukocidin (PVL) was detected in all ST-1 and ST-188 strains and in 0.7% of the ST-239 isolates. The majority of the isolates carried agr I, except that ST-1 strains were agr III positive. Virulence genes seg and sei were seen only among ST-22 isolates. In conclusion, current results revealed the predominance of ST-239-SCCmec III/IIIA and the penetration of ST-22 with different virulence gene profiles. The emergence in Malaysia of novel clones of known epidemic and pathogenic potential should be taken seriously.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fingerprinting
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