Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 328 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. An age-adjusted seroprevalence study of Toxoplasma antibody in a Malaysian ophthalmology unit
    Singh S, Khang TF, Andiappan H, Nissapatorn V, Subrayan V
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012 May;106(5):322-6.
    PMID: 22480791 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.01.009
    Toxoplasma gondii is a public health risk in developing countries, especially those located in the tropics. Widespread infection may inflict a substantial burden on state resources, as patients can develop severe neurological defects and ocular diseases that result in lifelong loss of economic independence. We tested sera for IgG antibody from 493 eye patients in Malaysia. Overall age-adjusted seroprevalence was estimated to be 25% (95% CI: [21%, 29%]). We found approximately equal age-adjusted seroprevalence in Chinese (31%; 95% CI: [25%, 38%]) and Malays (29%; 95% CI: [21%, 36%]), followed by Indians (19%; 95% CI: [13%, 25%]). A logistic regression of the odds for T. gondii seroprevalence against age, gender, ethnicity and the occurrence of six types of ocular diseases showed that only age and ethnicity were significant predictors. The odds for T. gondii seroprevalence were 2.7 (95% CI for OR: [1.9, 4.0]) times higher for a patient twice as old as the other, with ethnicity held constant. In Malays, we estimated the odds for T. gondii seroprevalence to be 2.9 (95% CI for OR: [1.8, 4.5]) times higher compared to non-Malays, with age held constant. Previous studies of T. gondii seroprevalence in Malaysia did not explicitly adjust for age, rendering comparisons difficult. Our study highlights the need to adopt a more rigorous epidemiological approach in monitoring T. gondii seroprevalence in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  2. Specificity and sensitivity of a rapid dipstick test (Brugia Rapid) in the detection of Brugia malayi infection
    Rahmah N, Taniawati S, Shenoy RK, Lim BH, Kumaraswami V, Anuar AK, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2002 1 31;95(6):601-4.
    PMID: 11816429
    A total of 753 serum samples from 6 institutions in 3 countries (Malaysia, Indonesia and India) were used to evaluate an immunochromatographic rapid dipstick test, Brugia Rapid, for diagnosis of Brugia malayi infection. The samples comprised sera from 207 microfilaria-positive individuals and 546 individuals from filaria non-endemic areas. The latter consisted of 70 individuals with soil-transmitted helminth infections, 68 with other helminth infections, 238 with protozoan infections, 12 with bacterial and viral infections and 158 healthy individuals. The dipstick is prepared with a goat anti-mouse antibody control line and a B. malayi recombinant-antigen test line. First, the dipstick is dipped into a well containing diluted patient serum, thus allowing specific anti-filarial antibody in the serum to react with the recombinant antigen. Then the dipstick is placed into an adjacent well containing reconstituted anti-human IgG4-gold. After 10 min, development of 2 red-purplish lines denotes a positive result and one line indicates a negative reaction. The overall results of the evaluation showed 97% sensitivity, 99% specificity, 97% positive predictive value and 99% negative predictive value. Brugia Rapid is thus a promising diagnostic tool for detection of B. malayi infection, and would be especially useful for the brugian filariasis elimination programme.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis
  3. A recombinant antigen-based IgG4 ELISA for the specific and sensitive detection of Brugia malayi infection
    Rahmah N, Lim BH, Khairul Anuar A, Shenoy RK, Kumaraswami V, Lokman Hakim S, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2001 8 9;95(3):280-4.
    PMID: 11490997
    An IgG4 ELISA based on a novel recombinant antigen was evaluated for detection of Brugia malayi infection, using 2487 sera from various institutions: 2031 samples from Universiti Sains Malaysia, 276 blinded sera from 2 other institutions in Malaysia, 140 blinded sera from India and 40 blinded sera from Thailand. These sera were from various groups of individuals, i.e., microfilaraemics, chronic patients, endemic normals, non-endemic normals and individuals with other parasitic and bacterial infections. Based on a cut-off optical density reading of 0.300, the IgG4 ELISA demonstrated specificity rates of 95.6-100%, sensitivity rates of 96-100%, positive predictive values of 75-100% and negative predictive values of 98.9-100%. These evaluation studies demonstrated the high specificity and sensitivity of this test for the detection of active B. malayi infection. Thus, the IgG4 ELISA would be very useful as a tool in diagnosis and in elimination programmes for brugian filariasis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  4. A case of congenital malaria in Malaysia with IgM malaria antibodies
    Thomas V, Chit CW
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1980;74(1):73-6.
    PMID: 7001686
    Congenital malaria from Malaysia is reported here for the first time. It occurred in a baby boy born to a 16-year-old primigravida who contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy. She suffered malaria during the later stages of pregnancy and at parturition. The placenta was heavily infested with various asexual stages of P. falciparum. Gametocytes were not seen. Extensive search did not show other species. Cord blood showed very light infection with young trophozoites of P. falciparum. Serological studies using IFA technique showed specific IgG and IgM antibodies to P. falciparum in maternal cord and two early neonatal sera. These serum samples showed lower levels of IgG antibodies against P. vivax and P. malariae, but there were no specific IgM antibodies against these species. The value of specific IgM antibody in the diagnosis of congenital malaria is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis
  5. Dengue epidemic in Malaysia: urban versus rural comparison of dengue immunoglobulin G seroprevalence among Malaysian adults aged 35-74 years
    Azami NAM, Moi ML, Salleh SA, Neoh HM, Kamaruddin MA, Jalal NA, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2020 11 06;114(11):798-811.
    PMID: 32735681 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa056
    BACKGROUND: A periodic serosurvey of dengue seroprevalence is vital to determine the prevalence of dengue in countries where this disease is endemic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity among healthy Malaysian adults living in urban and rural areas.

    METHODS: A total of 2598 serum samples (1417 urban samples, 1181 rural samples) were randomly collected from adults ages 35-74 y. The presence of the dengue IgG antibody and neutralising antibodies to dengue virus (DENV) 1-4 was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the plaque reduction neutralisation test assay, respectively.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of dengue IgG seropositivity was 85.39% in urban areas and 83.48% in rural areas. The seropositivity increased with every 10-y increase in age. Ethnicity was associated with dengue seropositivity in urban areas but not in rural areas. The factors associated with dengue seropositivity were sex and working outdoors. In dengue IgG-positive serum samples, 98.39% of the samples had neutralising antibodies against DENV3, but only 70.97% of them had neutralising antibodies against DENV4.

    CONCLUSION: The high seroprevalence of dengue found in urban and rural areas suggests that both urban and rural communities are vital for establishing and sustaining DENV transmission in Malaysia.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  6. Seroprevalence of lymphatic filariasis among migrant workers in Peninsular Malaysia
    Noordin R, Mohd Zain SN, Yunus MH, Sahimin N
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2017 08 01;111(8):370-372.
    PMID: 29206992 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trx062
    Background: Malaysia aims to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) by the year 2020, thus the potential threat of LF from migrant workers needs to be investigated.

    Methods: Brugian and bancroftian filariasis among 484 migrant workers from six countries were investigated using rapid tests based on detection of specific IgG4 antibodies against BmR1 (Brugia Rapid) and BmSXP recombinant antigens.

    Results: The seroprevalence of brugian filariasis was very low; however, bancroftian filariasis was notable among workers from India, Nepal and Myanmar.

    Conclusion: Malaysia is not endemic for Wuchereria bancrofti, but harbors the vectors for the parasite, thus the results showed that migrant workers should be monitored for this infection.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/immunology*
  7. Pharmacokinetics of the Sri Lankan hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) venom following intravenous and intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits
    Tan CH, Sim SM, Gnanathasan CA, Fung SY, Tan NH
    Toxicon, 2014 Mar;79:37-44.
    PMID: 24412778 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.12.011
    The knowledge of venom pharmacokinetics is essential to improve the understanding of envenomation pathophysiology. Using a double-sandwich ELISA, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of the venom of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) following intravenous and intramuscular injections into rabbits. The pharmacokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a three-compartment model. There is a rapid (t1/2π = 0.4 h) and a slow (t1/2α = 0.8 h) distribution phase, followed by a long elimination phase (t1/2β = 19.3 h) with a systemic clearance of 6.8 mL h(-1) kg(-1), consistent with the prolonged abnormal hemostasis reported in H. hypnale envenomation. On intramuscular route, multiple peak concentrations observed in the beginning implied a more complex venom absorption and/or distribution pattern. The terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected intramuscularly were nevertheless not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The intramuscular bioavailability was exceptionally low (Fi.m. = 4%), accountable for the highly varied median lethal doses between intravenous and intramuscular envenomations in animals. The findings indicate that the intramuscular route of administration does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of H. hypnale venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  8. Toxicokinetics of Naja sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) venom following intramuscular and intravenous administrations of the venom into rabbits
    Yap MK, Tan NH, Sim SM, Fung SY
    Toxicon, 2013 Jun;68:18-23.
    PMID: 23537711 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.02.017
    Existing protocols for antivenom treatment of snake envenomations are generally not well optimized due partly to inadequate knowledge of the toxicokinetics of venoms. The toxicokinetics of Naja sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) venom was investigated following intravenous and intramuscular injections of the venom into rabbits using double-sandwich ELISA. The toxicokinetics of the venom injected intravenously fitted a two-compartment model. When the venom was injected intramuscularly, the serum concentration-time profile exhibited a more complex absorption and/or distribution pattern. Nevertheless, the terminal half-life, volume of distribution by area and systemic clearance of the venom injected intramuscularly were not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of the venom injected intravenously. The systemic bioavailability of the venom antigens injected by intramuscular route was 41.7%. Our toxicokinetic finding is consistent with other reports, and may indicate that some cobra venom toxins have high affinity for the tissues at the site of injection. Our results suggest that the intramuscular route of administration doesn't significantly alter the toxicokinetics of N. sputatrix venom although it significantly reduces the systemic bioavailability of the venom.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/isolation & purification
  9. The use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitation of Calloselasma rhodostoma (Malayan pit viper) venom and venom antibodies
    Tan NH, Yeo KH, Jaafar MI
    Toxicon, 1992 Dec;30(12):1609-20.
    PMID: 1488770
    The specificity and sensitivity of an indirect and two (an 'ordinary' and a 'rapid') double sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures for the quantitation of Calloselasma rhodostoma (Malayan pit viper) venom were examined. The three assays were equally sensitive and the accuracy of the assays was not substantially affected by individual variation in the venom composition. The specificity of the assays was examined against 26 venoms from snakes of the families Viperidae and Elapidae. While the double sandwich ELISA procedures were sufficiently specific to be used in the clinical immunodiagnosis of C. rhodostoma bite in Malaysia, the indirect ELISA procedure exhibited extensive cross-reactivity with other Malaysian pit viper venoms. Attempts were made to improve the specificity of the indirect ELISA procedure for the quantitation of C. rhodostoma venom. A 'low ELISA cross-reactivity' venom fraction (termed VF52) was isolated from C. rhodostoma venom by repeated Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The indirect ELISA procedure using antibodies to VF52 as immunoreagent showed an improvement in specificity. The use of the indirect ELISA procedure for the detection of C. rhodostoma antibodies was also examined and the results show that the assay was sufficiently specific to be used for retrospective diagnosis of C. rhodostoma bite in Malaysia, in particular when VF52 was used as the coating antigen.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis
  10. A semisynthetic diterpenoid lactone inhibits NF-κB signalling to ameliorate inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse asthma model
    Lim JC, Goh FY, Sagineedu SR, Yong AC, Sidik SM, Lajis NH, et al.
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2016 07 01;302:10-22.
    PMID: 27089844 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.04.004
    Andrographolide (AGP) and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG), two main diterpenoid constituents of Andrographis paniculata were previously shown to ameliorate asthmatic symptoms in a mouse model. However, due to inadequacies of both compounds in terms of drug-likeness, DDAG analogues were semisynthesised for assessment of their anti-asthma activity. A selected analogue, 3,19-diacetyl-14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (SRS27), was tested for inhibitory activity of NF-κB activation in TNF-α-induced A549 cells and was subsequently evaluated in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Female BALB/c mice, 6-8weeks old were sensitized on days 0 and 14, and challenged on days 22, 23 and 24 with OVA. Compound or vehicle (3% dimethyl sulfoxide) was administered intraperitoneally 1h before and 11h after each OVA aerosol challenge. On day 25, pulmonary eosinophilia, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, -5 and -13 in BAL fluid, gene expression of inflammatory mediators such as 5-LOX, E-selectin, VCAM-1, CCL5, TNF-α, AMCase, Ym2, YKL-40, Muc5ac, CCL2 and iNOS in animal lung tissues, and serum IgE were determined. SRS27 at 30μM was found to suppress NF-κB nuclear translocation in A549 cells. In the ovalbumin-induced mouse asthma model, SRS27 at 3mg/kg displayed a substantial decrease in pulmonary eosinophilia, BAL fluid inflammatory cytokines level, serum IgE production, mucus hypersecretion and gene expression of inflammatory mediators in lung tissues. SRS27 is the first known DDAG analogue effective in ameliorating inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in the ovalbumin-induced mouse asthma model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  11. Fulltext Seropositivity of dengue antibodies during pregnancy
    Mohamed Ismail NA, Wan Abd Rahim WE, Salleh SA, Neoh HM, Jamal R, Jamil MA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:436975.
    PMID: 25587564 DOI: 10.1155/2014/436975
    Malaysia a dengue endemic country with dengue infections in pregnancy on the rise. The present study was aimed at determining dengue seroprevalence (IgG or IgM) during pregnancy and its neonatal transmission in dengue seropositive women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood; Immunoglobulin G/immunology
  12. Fulltext Comparing the effect of oral supplementation of vitamin E, injective vitamin E and selenium or both during late pregnancy on production and reproductive performance and immune function of dairy cows and calves
    Kafilzadeh F, Kheirmanesh H, Karami Shabankareh H, Targhibi MR, Maleki E, Ebrahimi M, et al.
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:165841.
    PMID: 25045726 DOI: 10.1155/2014/165841
    The object of this study was to determine the effect of prepartum supplementation of vitamin E with or without injective vitamin E and selenium (Se) on productive and reproductive performances and immune function in dairy cows. Sixty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided randomly into three groups at the end of gestation. Cows in each group received one of three treatments: (1) a single intramuscular (im) injection of vit. E + selenium 3 weeks prepartum; (2) daily supplementation of oral vit. E given from 3 weeks prepartum to parturition; (3) injective vit. E + Se with daily supplementation of oral vit. E. Blood samples were collected from cows at calving and from calves at 0 and 7 days of age. Concentration of IgG in serum of cows and calves as well as in colostrum was determined. No significant differences among treatments occurred in the concentrations of IgG, animal, and calf production and reproduction performance. Due to the lack of significant difference between injection and oral supplementation, it is recommended to replace the injection with oral supplementation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism
  13. The effects of exclusion of dietary egg and milk in the management of asthmatic children: a pilot study
    Yusoff NA, Hampton SM, Dickerson JW, Morgan JB
    J R Soc Promot Health, 2004 Mar;124(2):74-80.
    PMID: 15067979 DOI: 10.1177/146642400412400211
    Current understanding of the use of exclusion diets in the management of asthma in children is limited and controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of excluding eggs and milk on the occurrence of symptoms in children with asthma and involved 22 children aged between three and 14 years clinically diagnosed as having mild to moderate disease. The investigation was single blind and prospective, and parents were given the option of volunteering to join the 'experiment' group, avoiding eggs, milk and their products for eight weeks, or the 'control' group, who consumed their customary food. Thirteen children were recruited to the experimental group and nine to the control group. A trained paediatrician at the beginning and end of the study period assessed the children. A seven-day assessment of food intake was made before, during and immediately after the period of dietary intervention in both groups. A blood sample was taken from each child for determination of food specific antibodies and in those children who could do so, the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured. Based on the recommended nutrient intake (RNI), the mean percentage energy intake of the children in the experimental group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. After the eight-week study period and compared with baseline values, the mean serum anti-ovalbumin IgG and anti-beta lactoglobulin IgG concentrations were statistically significantly reduced (p < 0.05) for both in the experimental group. In contrast, the values for anti-ovalbumin IgG in the control group were significantly increased and those for anti-beta lactoglobulin IgG were practically unchanged. The total IgE values were unchanged in both groups. Over the study period, the PEFR in those children in the experimental group able to perform the test was significantly increased, but no such change was noted in the children in the control group who could do the test. These results suggest that even over the short time period of eight weeks, an egg- and milk-free diet can reduce atopic symptoms and improve lung function in asthmatic children.
    Study site: Outpatient Department, Royal County Hospital and the Frimley Children’s Centre, United Kingdom
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood; Immunoglobulin G/immunology
  14. A probable case of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia secondary to Pfizer Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine
    Goh Cy C, Teng Keat C, Su Kien C, Ai Sim G
    J R Coll Physicians Edinb, 2022 Jun;52(2):113-116.
    PMID: 36146992 DOI: 10.1177/14782715221103660
    The accelerated development of various vaccines against COVID-19 was a global effort to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, several unique vaccine-related adverse events were observed. Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been recognised as a clinically distinct entity with a predisposition for thrombosis at unusual sites with laboratory features of consumptive coagulopathy in addition to anti-PF4 assay seropositivity. The majority of cases reported were associated with adenoviral-based vectors such as ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and Janssen Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson). In our online search, we have not found any reports to date of VITT associated with Pfizer-BioNTech Comirnaty mRNA vaccine. We report a case of a previously healthy 76-year-old man who received his first-dose Pfizer Comirnaty vaccine on 11 October 2021 who developed left upper limb swelling on day 2 post-vaccination, which progressively worsened on day 4 post-vaccination. He was confirmed to have left axillary vein thrombosis on computer tomography arteriography/computed tomography venography of left upper limb on day 5 post-vaccination with new onset aphasia with unilateral limb weakness on day 8 post-vaccination. Magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography of the brain confirmed acute left middle cerebral artery thrombosis with infarction. Blood investigations showed thrombocytopenia, elevated D-dimer, hypofibrinogenemia in addition to his unusual sites of thrombosis involving both arterial and venous circulation. His IgG ELISA assay for anti-PF4 antibody was positive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  15. Fulltext Use of dengue NS1 antigen for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection
    Kassim FM, Izati MN, TgRogayah TA, Apandi YM, Saat Z
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2011 May;42(3):562-9.
    PMID: 21706934
    Accurate and timely diagnosis of dengue virus is important for early detection of dengue virus infection. In this study, the usefulness of the dengue NS1 antigen test was evaluated as a routine, rapid diagnostic test for dengue virus infection. A total of 208 sera from patients suspected of having dengue virus infection were collected and tested for dengue antibody, dengue genome and dengue NS1 antigen. Dengue antibody test, dengue PCR test and dengue antigen test were able to detect dengue virus infection from Days 1 to 8 in 72.8, 52.8 and 44.0% of samples, respectively. Of the 208 sera tested, 69.2% (144/208) of the acute sera were positive for dengue virus infection based on IgM antibody, IgG antibody, NS1 antigen and PCR tests. Thirty-two point two percent of the samples (67/208) were found positive for dengue NS1 antigen, 38.5% (80/208) were PCR positive, 40.9% (85/208) were IgM positive and 36.1% (75/208) were IgG positive for dengue virus. The results reveal the detection rate of dengue virus infection was similar for PCR and dengue antibody (65.9%) and for NS1 antigen and dengue antibody (62.0%) combinations. Therefore, the dengue NS1 antigen test can be used to complement the current antibody test used in peripheral laboratories. Thus, the combination of the NS1 antigen and antibody tests could increase the diagnostic efficiency for early diagnosis of dengue infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  16. Fulltext Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA by PCR following microwave treatment of serum and whole blood
    Meganathan P, Singh S, Ling LY, Singh J, Subrayan V, Nissapatorn V
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2010 Mar;41(2):265-73.
    PMID: 20578507
    Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in blood by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may facilitate early diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in different groups of patients. We evaluated this approach in 42 patients presenting with ocular or psychotic diseases by comparing the sensitivity and specificity of PCR after heat treatment using a microwave oven with a standard genomic DNA extraction method for paired serum and whole blood samples. The presence of serum IgM and IgG antibodies against T. gondii was detected using a standard commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay for IgG avidity test. Of 42 whole blood samples, PCR after microwave treatment was positive in 8 samples with a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 100% compared to 11 samples positive by the extraction method. Although none of 42 sera samples was PCR positive by the extraction method, 7 specimens were positive after microwave treatment. This is the first study to use a microwave heat treatment, which is simple, rapid and a promising alternative method, in detecting small amounts of T. gondii DNA in human blood. Furthermore, irradiation of blood samples with microwaves allows incorporation of PCR into a practical tool for routine clinical assessment of patients with Toxoplasma infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  17. Fulltext Impact of a measles elimination strategy on measles incidence in Malaysia
    Saraswathy TS, Zahrin HN, Norhashmimi H, Az-Ulhusna A, Zainah S, Rohani J
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2009 Jul;40(4):742-7.
    PMID: 19842408
    In Malaysia, the two dose measles - mumps - rubella (MMR) vaccine was introduced in the Expanded Program on Immunization in 2002. The Ministry of Health then initiated a measles elimination strategy which included enhanced case-based surveillance with laboratory testing of all suspected cases. The objective of our study was to analyse national measles laboratory data from 2004 to 2008 to study the impact of the nationwide strategy on measles case incidence. Blood samples collected from suspected measles cases during the acute stage of the illness were investigated for measles specific IgM. The estimated incidence of measles ranged from 22.3 cases (in 2004) to 2.27 cases (in 2006) per 100,000 population. During this time, the measles vaccination coverage was above 85%. Laboratory confirmed measles cases dropped from 42.2% in 2004, when sporadic outbreaks were reported, to 3.9% in 2007. Screening for measles IgG levels in 2008 showed that 82.8% of those > 7 years old had adequate immunity. The measles control strategy appears to have been successful in reducing the incidence of measles. Continuing high vaccination coverage rates and ongoing measles surveillance are necessary to achieve our goal of measles elimination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  18. Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among migrant workers from different Asian countries working in Malaysia
    Chan BT, Amal RN, Hayati MI, Kino H, Anisah N, Norhayati M, et al.
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2008 Jan;39(1):9-13.
    PMID: 18567437
    A serologic study of Toxoplasma antibodies among 501 foreign migrant workers in Malaysia was conducted in a plantation and detention camp. The highest prevalence rate of 46.2% was among Nepalese workers. Statistical analysis indicated the IgG positivity rate among local residents was significantly higher than the migrants studied (p < 0.05). The IgM positivity rate showed no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). No significant difference in the prevalence rate was noted between the migrants and the local workers when grouped by agricultural and non-agricultural occupations (p > 0.05). The continuous introduction of these infections may influence the epidemiology and further compromise efforts in control and prevention. It is therefore important to monitor of non-notifiable diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis; Immunoglobulin G/blood
  19. Dengue in pregnancy
    Ismail NA, Kampan N, Mahdy ZA, Jamil MA, Razi ZR
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2006 Jul;37(4):681-3.
    PMID: 17121293
    This was a retrospective study of patients with dengue infection in pregnancy from year 2000 till 2004. Data were analyzed by looking at the presentation, complications of patient and fetus, and pregnancy outcomes. There was a total of 16 cases with an increasing trend (0.12% in 2003 vs 0.25% in 2004). The mean age of patients was 30.19+/-6.85 years. Fifty percent of patients were multiparae and in their third trimester. The average gestation was 24.44 weeks with 7.5 days being the average duration of ward admission. Tourniquet test was positive in 62.5% of patients. Dengue serology IgM was positive in 50% whereas dengue serology IgG were positive in 68.8% of patients. There were three cases of maternal death. One patient presented as missed abortion. Preterm deliveries happened in 50.0% of the women. There were 4 premature babies, one in-utero fetal death, and two fetuses which suffered acute fetal distress. Three babies required intensive care. One unrelated fetal anomaly resulted in early neonatal death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  20. Borrelia burgdorferi (strain B. afzelii) antibodies among Malaysian blood donors and patients
    Tay ST, Kamalanathan M, Rohani MY
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2002 Dec;33(4):787-93.
    PMID: 12757227
    In this study, the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi (strain B. afzelii) among Malaysian blood donors and patients admitted to hospital with various infectious diseases was determined. Sera were screened using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); positive sera were then subjected to Western blot testing. All but one of the blood donors were negative for borrelial antibodies. Of 121 patients' sera, IgM antibodies were detected in 24 (19.8%) and IgG antibodies were detected in 5 (4.1%) sera. Only one of two patients with skin manifestations suggestive of Lyme disease had IgM antibody against B. afzelii. Of 30 patients with exposure to tick typhus, 4 (13.3%) were IgM positive and 1 (3.3%) was IgG positive. Based on the detection of antigenic bands by Western blot, 6 patients' sera showed positive reactions. Antigenic bands of p39, p41 and p59/62 kDa were the commonest findings of Western blotting. This study provides serological evidence of B. afzelii infections in Malaysia; further investigation is needed to correlate serological and clinical findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links