METHOD: The scientific information on COVID-19 was analysed by a literature search in MEDLINE, PubMed, the National and International Guidelines from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the Cochrane Library, and the internet.

RESULTS: Based on the diagnostic and treatment standards developed by EAACI, on international information regarding COVID-19, on guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international organizations, and on previous experience, a panel of experts including clinicians, psychologists, IT experts, and basic scientists along with EAACI and the "Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)" initiative have developed recommendations for the optimal management of allergy clinics during the current COVID-19 pandemic. These recommendations are grouped into nine sections on different relevant aspects for the care of patients with allergies.

METHODS: A systematic review was carried out using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The included sites and databases are Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) from 1994 to 2019. The quality of the selected studies was evaluated using a standard quality rating tool (SQRT). The quality of the criteria for inclusion and exclusion was independently reviewed by three researchers.

RESULTS: This study evaluated 5266 records in the identification stage. In the included stage, only four studies were included in this review. In the standard quality assessment, none of the included studies were evaluated as being a strong study, none used an experimental design at three points in time (pre, post and follow-up), and all showed a moderate to high risk of bias. There is a lack of knowledge and skills related to trauma triage among emergency nurses in the included studies.