Plasma Cystatin C (CysC) is as an early functional marker for acute kidney
injury. Estimates of glomerular filtration rate using CysC (eGFRCysC) has been used in
some clinical setting. We evaluated the utility of CysC and eGFRCysC in diagnosing acute
kidney injury (AKI) and predicting death in critically ill patients with sepsis. (Copied from article).
The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. Robust and vigorous daily activities may cause changes to the brain structure. Huffaz, individuals who memorise the Quran undergo intensive memorization training which may lead to structural changes in specific regions of the brain.
Cancer is one of the global health problems that has a detrimental effect
to a person's life. However, chemotherapeutic agents success are subject to the side
effects due to lack of specificity in the drug delivery system to cancer cells and an
increase risk of systemic toxicity to the normal cells. Polyamine transport system (PTS)
is one of the potential pathways for transporting anticancer agent into specific cancer
cells. This is due to the upregulation of PTS in cancer cells compared to normal cells for
the proliferation activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity effect
of putrescine-sulphur analogues type 1 (PSA-1) and type 2 (PSA-2) on human lung
adenocarcinoma cells (A549), human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-8) and
human breast adenocarcinoma cell (MCF-7).
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic patients generally have a good idea about healthy diet however their awareness regarding specific dietary recommendations is questionable. Thus, this paper aims to examine the awareness regarding specific dietary components among diabetic patients at a primary care clinic and its influence on self-reported dietary practice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire (English-Malay version) was used. It was adapted with additional questions to assess respondents’ awareness on: (1) healthful eating plan, (2) the quantity of one serving of fruits and vegetables, (3) choices and the allowed quantity of high fat food intake, (4) meaning of carbohydrate, and (5) carbohydrate spacing per day.
RESULTS: From the 360 respondents, 85.0% knew about healthful eating plan. However, those who were unaware of the meaning of carbohydrate, carbohydrate spacing, the allowed high fat food intake, and the quantity of one serving of fruits and vegetables were 34.1%, 47.5%, 40.0%, and 30.8% respectively. Generally, the dietary practice reported by those who knew ‘one serving of fruits and vegetables’ (p<0.001), ‘allowed quantity of high fat food intake’ (p=0.001), ‘meaning of carbohydrate’ (p<0.001), or ‘carbohydrate spacing’ (p<0.001) was significantly different than those who were unaware of these terms.
CONCLUSION: Although most respondents knew about healthful eating plan, majority of them were unaware of the specific dietary components, suggesting superficial dietary knowledge. Unfortunately, poor dietary awareness significantly influenced their self-reported dietary practice which could be considered as inaccurate. Thus, strategies to improve their dietary knowledge is necessary at the primary care setting.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, diet, awareness, self-care, primary care
Study site: Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine association of age and gender with dental treatment need among first-visit patients at Dental Outpatient Clinic, IIUM Kuantan in 2016.
Materials and Methods: Ethical approval (IREC 762) was obtained from IIUM Human Ethics Committee. List of first-visit patients who attended clinic from 1st January to 31st December 2016 was retrieved to assess patient's age and gender. Dental treatment need was determined according to the normative need which was professionally defined by dental-officer-in-charge. All first-visit patients were included, except those attended Orthodontic department or with old Malaysian identification card or foreign passport. Included patients were classified into six age groups (≤14, 15-19, 20-34, 35-44, 45-64 and ≥ 65). Pearson's chi square test was used for statistical analysis using SPSS Version 20 software.
Results: From a total number of 2,713 patients (age range of 2 to 87), 1,210 (44.6%) were males and 1,503 (55.4%) were females. Age (p<0.001) and gender (p<0.001) were significantly associated with dental treatment need. Paediatric patients (≤14) majorly received paedodontic care (97.5%). Young-age patients (15-19, 20-34 and 35-44) mostly required conservative care (39.5%, 31.2% & 30.6%, respectively) while elder-age patients (45-64 and ≥ 65) have major need for prosthodontics (30.0% & 40.2%, respectively). Females outnumbered males in all age groups, except for the age group of ≥ 65 whereby the situation was the opposite. Females also outnumbered males in all types of treatment need, except for periodontics which was predominated by males.
Conclusion(s): Age and gender have significant associations with treatment need for dental care.
KEYWORDS: treatment need, dental, association, age, gender
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) plays important roles in osteoblast
differentiation, tooth development and chondrocyte maturation; hence its involvement in
craniofacial development is paramount. Mutation in RUNX2 is implicated with cleidocranial
dysplasia; a bone development disorder, while single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in RUNX2 is
associated with Class II/2 malocclusion. This study aimed to determine RUNX2 SNP of DNA marker
(rs6930053) in malocclusion patients from local population. (Copied from article).
Dental caries is the most common yet preventable disease. Study found that seaweed
exhibits anti-cariogenic properties. However, little attention have been given to the study on anticariogenic properties of seaweed and the bioactive compound that responsible for the anticariogenic activities have not adequately investigated. This study was conducted to evaluate the
best extraction methods for S. polycystum and to determine the fatty acid compounds of S.
polycystum that have anti-cariogenic potential against oral cariogenic bacteria. (Copied from article).
PAX9 (Paired box 9) gene is one of the genes which play significant role during
craniofacial development. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PAX9 has been associated with
Class II/Division 2 malocclusion (with or without hypodontia). However, the relationship between
PAX9 SNP marker (rs8004560) with mandibular prognathism (MP) has not been analysed, at least in
our local population. This study aimed to detect the presence of PAX9 (rs8004560) SNP in Class III
malocclusion patients (with MP) in the local population. (Copied from article).
Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) refer to injury to the teeth and/or peridontium and
perioral soft tissues. To date, very few dental trauma studies conducted in the university setting,
thus the aim of this research is to provide an epidemiological data of TDI cases among patients
attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry (KOD), IIUM Kuantan Campus. (Copied from article).
Mothers play important roles in their children's oral health. The aim of this study is to
determine the relationship between mothers’ sociodemographic backgrounds and their oral health
knowledge, attitude and practice of their preschool children. (Copied from article).
Introduction: In dental schools, the clinical students are closely supervised to ensure a good quality of care delivery. However, little is known about the relation between the patients' satisfaction and the quality of care they received, therefore the aim of this study was to assess the relation between parents' satisfaction and the quality of dental care provided by dental students at IIUM students' polyclinic during paediatric clinical session.
Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire on service quality, interpersonal communication, and efficacy and treatment outcome dimensions were distributed to parents who attended their children dental treatment from September 2016 until December 2016. Meanwhile, the students' performances were assessed for their clinical and soft skills by the allocated paediatric dentistry lecturer. Data collected were analysed by using X² test.
Results: 42 questionnaires and assessment forms were completed and analysed. The result showed 71.1% of the parents were satisfied with the quality of dental care provided despite the students' performance outcomes were moderate (84.2%). There is no significant difference between parents' satisfaction and the quality of dental care provided by the dental students (p>0.05). Mother showed higher percentage of satisfaction (60%) compared to father (36.4%). However, there is no significant relation between parents' satisfaction and the gender of the parents (p=0.076).
Conclusion(s): Generally, parents are satisfied with the dental care provided by the dental students at IIUM Paediatric Dental Clinic regardless of the quality. Hence, parents' satisfaction could not be the best tool to assess the quality of care provided by the operators.
KEYWORDS: parental's satisfaction, dental students, quality of dental care
The timing of ABG procedure in a cleft patient is crucial to provide room and bony
support for the eruption of canine. However, there seems to be a delay in execution of this
procedure in certain centres. Material and Methods: Sample consists of records of cleft patients
treated from 2000-2016. The date and age for commencement of active orthodontic treatment,
date referred for ABG and date ABG done were retrieved. The centres that conducted these
surgeries identified. (Copied from article).
The development of treatment strategies for periodontitis that maximise the
effectiveness of antibiotics is highly desirable. Azithromycin is proving to be an effective antibiotic
for treatment of refractory periodontitis which works by binding to the outer membrane of Gramnegative bacteria and subsequently inhibits protein synthesis. Lactoferrin is a membrane-active
host antimicrobial protein and so the objective of this study was to determine whether the effect
of azithromycin (AZM) against example periodontopathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis and
Tannerella forsythia) could be potentiated by lactoferrin. (Copied from article).
Dentist-related factors are one of the major influences on the material selection for
restoration of carious and non-carious tooth surface loss. There were conflicting results regarding
the impact of dentists' gender and age or length of clinical experience on restorative material
selection for posterior dentition. The aims of this study were to determine the influence of gender
and clinical experience on posterior restorative material selection among private dental
practitioner in Malaysia. (Copied from article).
Mothers can be trained to screen caries in their children. The aim of this study is to
assess the validity of mothers’ caries screening of their preschool children. (Copied from article).
Hyperdontia is the condition of having supernumerary tooth, or teeth, which appear
in addition to the regular number of teeth. It is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to
arise from multiple aetiologies. It may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the
oral cavity. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth located in the anterior maxilla, placed palatally or
in between the maxillary central incisors. (Copied from article).
Adequate space is required in the interforaminal region for anterior mandibular
surgery, where the anterior loop is located within this region. The aim of this study is to evaluate
the prevalence of the anterior loop (AL) of the inferior alveolar nerve, and to measure its length
and position in patients attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry using cone beam computed tomography
(CBCT). (Copied from article).
: Reconstruction of the primary defect following resection of primary tumour is part of
the surgical treatment of head and neck cancer.The present paper reports a case of reconstruction
of medium size through and through defect of the cheek with the transverse platysma
myocutaneous flap combined with the temporalis flap. (Copied from article).
This is a novel study of the depth of penetration of bonding agents (BA) by using a
miniaturised CT-scan, XMT.The Linear Attenuation Coefficient describes the fraction of a beam of
x-rays or gamma rays that is absorbed or scattered per unit thickness of the absorber. The higher
the LAC, the more opaque the image is. (Copied from article).
Tornwaldt's (Thornwaldt's) or nasopharyngeal cyst is an uncommon developmental
benign cyst located in the midline postero-superior wall of nasopharynx. Incidence reported in
general population is 0.06%. It occurred in the potential space due to outpouching of ectoderm into
the pharyngobasilar fascia at the site where notochord attached to pharyngeal ectoderm. (Copied from article).