MyMedR

The utilization of cranial models created using rapid prototyping techniques in the development of models for navigation training

Waran V, Pancharatnam D, Thambinayagam HC, Raman R, Rathinam AK, Balakrishnan YK, et al.

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg, 2014 Jan;75(1):12-5.

PMID: 23315670 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330960

Navigation in neurosurgery has expanded rapidly; however, suitable models to train end users to use the myriad software and hardware that come with these systems are lacking. Utilizing three-dimensional (3D) industrial rapid prototyping processes, we have been able to create models using actual computed tomography (CT) data from patients with pathology and use these models to simulate a variety of commonly performed neurosurgical procedures with navigation systems.

Matched MeSH terms: Brain/radiography; Skull/radiography

Diagnostic value of plain abdominal radiographs in patients with acute abdominal pain

Prasannan S, Zhueng TJ, Gul YA

Asian J Surg, 2005 Oct;28(4):246-51.

PMID: 16234073

A prospective study was performed over a 3-month period in a tertiary referral centre to evaluate the appropriateness and contribution of plain abdominal radiographs (PAR) in the diagnosis and management of adult patients presenting with acute abdominal pain.

Matched MeSH terms: Abdomen, Acute/radiography*; Intestinal Obstruction/radiography*

Fulltext Asbestosis in Malaysia: report on first two cases

Lim HH, Rampal KG, Joginder S, Abu Bakar CM, Chan KH, Vivek TN

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Sep;54(3):364-7.

PMID: 11045065

The first two cases of asbestosis in Malaysia are reported. Both had considerable occupational exposure to asbestos dust in the past, with a long latency period exceeding 30 years. One case presented with distinctive clinical and radiological features, while the other case was only confirmed by histological diagnosis. The usefulness of modern investigation techniques such as CT scan in the diagnosis of asbestosis is also illustrated.

Matched MeSH terms: Asbestosis/radiography; Radiography, Thoracic

Evaluating the quality of images produced by soft X-ray units

Bradley DA, Wong CS, Ng KH

Appl Radiat Isot, 2000 9 26;53(4-5):691-7.

PMID: 11003508

For broad-beam soft X-ray sources, assessment of the quality of image produced by such units is made complex by the low penetration capabilities of the radiation. In the present study we have tested the utility of several types of test tool, some of which have been fabricated by us, as part of an effort to evaluate several key image defining parameters. These include the film characteristic, focal-spot size, image resolution and detail detectability. The two sources of X-rays used in present studies were the University of Malaya flash X-ray device (UMFX1) and a more conventional soft X-ray tube (Softex, Tokyo), the latter operating at peak accelerating potentials of 20 kVp. We have established, for thin objects, that both systems produce images of comparable quality and, in particular, objects can be resolved down to better than 45 microm.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography/instrumentation*; Radiography/methods

Fulltext Compartment syndrome of the foot in a child

Sharma AK, Sharaf I, Ajay S

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:70-2.

PMID: 11814254

We report a case of a 12-year-old boy with acute compartment syndrome of the foot following a road-traffic accident. Due to the rarity of the injury, there was a delay in diagnosing the injury. An emergency fasciotomy was performed 19 hours after the injury. The foot healed with a mild extension contracture of the second toe.

Matched MeSH terms: Compartment Syndromes/radiography*; Foot Diseases/radiography*

Fulltext Comparative study of plain-film radiographs of maxillary sinuses between radiologists and clinicians

Krishnan G

Med J Malaysia, 1992 Sep;47(3):190-3.

PMID: 1491644

Maxillary sinuses plain film radiographs of 59 patients were reviewed and reported by both clinicians or Radiologists at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. There was agreement in 52 reports of the plain film radiographs however there was partial differences in about seven cases. This gave an impression that the ENT specialist and the Radiologist were both capable of reporting plain film radiographs of maxillary sinuses, even though the radiologist has no opportunity of doing detail clinical examination of the patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Maxillary Sinus/radiography*; Maxillary Sinusitis/radiography*

Position of the mental foramen in Singaporean Malays and Indians

Neo J

Anesth Prog, 1989 Nov-Dec;36(6):276-8.

PMID: 2490061

The position of the mental foramen of the local Malays and Indians in Singapore was determined from a series of orthopantomograms. The most frequent location does not conform to the position cited in many anatomy, surgery, and dental anesthesia texts as being below and between the apices of the lower premolars. This data has implications in the teaching and practice of dental anesthesia. In both these races, the median location is just below the second premolar.

Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/radiography; Radiography, Panoramic

Fulltext Conservative surgical management of ameloblastoma of the mandible--report on three cases

Foo GC, Siar CH, Ling KC, Chin CT

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):334-8.

PMID: 6599995

Features of the typical ameloblastoma of the mandible are outlined. Three cases managed by conservative surgical treatment maintaining the continuity of the mandible are described. The factors taken into consideration when instituting this method of treatment are discussed. Results obtained are encouraging.

Matched MeSH terms: Ameloblastoma/radiography; Mandibular Neoplasms/radiography

Fulltext Infantile coxa vara

Dhillon KS

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Sep;41(3):273-7.

PMID: 3670146

Infantile or developmental coxa vara is a relatively infrequent localised dysplasia of unknown etiology which usually presents in the second or third year of life soon after the child begins walking. The clinical and radiological picture is usually characteristic especially when seen early. Early surgery leads to a satisfactory outcome. However, difficulty arises in diagnosis and treatment when patients present late, three cases diagnosed in adolescence at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur over the last 10 years are presented to increase awareness of this condition, which may be underdiagnosed, and the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment with late presentation are stressed.

Matched MeSH terms: Hip Dislocation/radiography*; Hip Dislocation, Congenital/radiography*

Fulltext Delayed complication of a foreign body causing retropharyngeal granuloma--a case report

Lee STS

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Mar;46(1):95-8.

PMID: 1836045

A 37 year old female who presented with a history of foreign body ingestion ten months previously was found on examination to have a retropharyngeal swelling. An initial differential of foreign body granuloma or retropharyngeal tuberculous abscess was considered. The usefulness of the lateral neck radiograph in demonstrating retropharyngeal pathology and the supplementary role of the computed tomography scan in confirming and elucidating the identity of the radio-opacity is highlighted. This presentation is a timely reminder of the need for a simple inexpensive lateral neck radiograph in situations of doubt as to persisting foreign body impaction.

Matched MeSH terms: Pharyngeal Diseases/radiography; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/radiography

Fulltext A freak accidental injury to the spinal cord

Koh KB, Vaikunthan R, Sengupta S

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Sep;43(3):246-9.

PMID: 3241584

Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Cord Injuries/radiography; Wounds, Stab/radiography

Fulltext Impacted dentures in the oesophagus

Yeoh NTL

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):344-8.

PMID: 7167087

Two cases oj dentures impacted in the oesophagus are presented. One patient had an intrathoracic perforation oj the oesophagus. The complications arising from. impacted foreign bodies and attempts at its removal are discussed. It is suggested that primary oesophagostomy and extraction of the foreign. body may be the better alternative than repeated attempts at extraction through the oesophagoscope.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophagus/radiography*; Foreign Bodies/radiography*

Fulltext Extension of paravertebral abscess in tuberculosis of the thoracic spine: report of two cases

Sathyamoorthy P

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Dec;45(4):329-34.

PMID: 2152055

Two cases of tuberculosis of the thoracic spine with extrapleural extension of paravertebral abscesses, presenting radiologically as cold abscesses away from the spine in the PA chest radiograph, are presented. The radiographic features and response to antitubercular drugs are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Abscess/radiography; Tuberculosis, Spinal/radiography

Fulltext Recurrent re-expansion pulmonary oedema complicating rapid decompression of large pneumothoraces

Liam CK, Jaafar S

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Jun;46(2):199-202.

PMID: 1839427

A young male who developed ipsilateral pulmonary oedema on two occasions as a complication of treatment of pneumothoraces involving the left lung is reported. The importance of large pneumothoraces, the rapidity of decompression and the application of suction to the pleural space as factors predisposing to the development of re-expansion pulmonary oedema is well demonstrated by this case. The re-expansion pulmonary oedema was more severe on the second occasion when the lung had collapsed for a longer duration compared to the first pneumothorax which was of more recent onset.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumothorax/radiography; Pulmonary Edema/radiography

Fulltext The olivopontocerebellar atrophies. Report of 4 cases

Razak AR, Pratap RC, Gururaj AK

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Dec;43(4):344-7.

PMID: 3241600

Matched MeSH terms: Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies/radiography*; Spinocerebellar Degenerations/radiography*

Fulltext Bipolar clavicular injury

Pang KP, Yung SW, Lee TS, Pang CE

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Oct;58(4):621-4.

PMID: 15190643

While clavicular injuries are fairly common, bipolar clavicular injuries are not. They may involve dislocations at both ends of the clavicle, or a fracture at one end and a dislocation at the other. We present two cases; a patient with a bipolar clavicular dislocation, and another with a fracture in both medial and lateral ends of the clavicle with anterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint. Both were treated conservatively, with fairly good range of motion and return to normal activity.

Matched MeSH terms: Clavicle/radiography; Dislocations/radiography

Fractures of the cervical spine with minimal or no symptoms

Thambyrajah K

Med J Malaya, 1972 Jun;26(4):244-9.

PMID: 5069413

Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Injuries/radiography*; Fractures, Bone/radiography*

Effects of scanning parameters reduction in dental radiographs on image quality and diagnostic performance: A randomised controlled trial

Ghazali L, Mohd Yusof MYP, Norman NH

J Orthod, 2021 03;48(1):5-12.

PMID: 33200660 DOI: 10.1177/1465312520971641

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of reducing scanning parameters of digital dental panoramic tomogram (DPT) and lateral cephalometric (LC) radiographs on quality and diagnostic performance of the images.

DESIGN: Single-centre prospective two-arm parallel randomised controlled trial.

SETTING: Orthodontic Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.

PARTICIPANTS: Adult orthodontic patients aged 18-35 years, indicated for DPT and LC, who were fit and healthy with a body mass index of 18.5-25.0, not contraindicated to radiographic examination, not pregnant, and did not have a history of facial or skeletal abnormalities or bone diseases were included.

METHODS: Thirty-eight adult orthodontic patients were randomised into control and intervention groups. DPT and LC radiographs in the control group were obtained using standard scanning parameters as prescribed by the manufacturer using Orthopantomograph® OP300 by Instrumentarium. Scanning parameters in the intervention group were reduced by 60% for DPT (60 kV, 3.2 mA) and 30% for LC (85 kV, 8 mA). A five-point rating scale was used for the assessment of image quality. Images were evaluated for diagnostic performance by detection of anatomical landmarks. Mann-Whitney test was performed to compare the quality and diagnostic performance of the images and the observer agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

RESULTS: For image quality, the control group produced slightly lower median scores (DPT 2.0, LC 2.0) compared to the intervention group (DPT 2.0, LC 3.0). For diagnostic performance, both groups showed similar median scores (DPT 21.0, LC 32.0). The differences between control and intervention groups for both modalities were not statistically significant. The average scores for intra-observer agreement were excellent (ICC 0.917) and inter-observer agreement was good (ICC 0.822).

CONCLUSION: Minimising radiation exposure by reducing scanning parameters on digital DPT by 60% and LC by 30% on Intsrumentarium 300 OP did not affect the quality and diagnostic performance of the images. Thus, scanning parameters on digital DPT and LC should be reduced when taking radiographs.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic; Radiography, Dental, Digital*

Bronchography and selective bronchoscopy in diagnosis of lung malignancy: a case report

Galanti A, Wong Wai Kwan, Choy T

Med J Malaya, 1970 Dec;25(2):152-4.

PMID: 4251136

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiography*; Lung Neoplasms/radiography*

Fulltext Artificial Intelligence Techniques: Analysis, Application, and Outcome in Dentistry-A Systematic Review

Ahmed N, Abbasi MS, Zuberi F, Qamar W, Halim MSB, Maqsood A, et al.

Biomed Res Int, 2021;2021:9751564.

PMID: 34258283 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9751564

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the quality and outcome of studies into artificial intelligence techniques, analysis, and effect in dentistry.

Materials and Methods: Using the MeSH keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), dentistry, AI in dentistry, neural networks and dentistry, machine learning, AI dental imaging, and AI treatment recommendations and dentistry. Two investigators performed an electronic search in 5 databases: PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), ScienceDirect databases (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and the Cochrane Collaboration (Wiley). The English language articles reporting on AI in different dental specialties were screened for eligibility. Thirty-two full-text articles were selected and systematically analyzed according to a predefined inclusion criterion. These articles were analyzed as per a specific research question, and the relevant data based on article general characteristics, study and control groups, assessment methods, outcomes, and quality assessment were extracted.

Results: The initial search identified 175 articles related to AI in dentistry based on the title and abstracts. The full text of 38 articles was assessed for eligibility to exclude studies not fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Six articles not related to AI in dentistry were excluded. Thirty-two articles were included in the systematic review. It was revealed that AI provides accurate patient management, dental diagnosis, prediction, and decision making. Artificial intelligence appeared as a reliable modality to enhance future implications in the various fields of dentistry, i.e., diagnostic dentistry, patient management, head and neck cancer, restorative dentistry, prosthetic dental sciences, orthodontics, radiology, and periodontics.

Conclusion: The included studies describe that AI is a reliable tool to make dental care smooth, better, time-saving, and economical for practitioners. AI benefits them in fulfilling patient demand and expectations. The dentists can use AI to ensure quality treatment, better oral health care outcome, and achieve precision. AI can help to predict failures in clinical scenarios and depict reliable solutions. However, AI is increasing the scope of state-of-the-art models in dentistry but is still under development. Further studies are required to assess the clinical performance of AI techniques in dentistry.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Dental/methods*; Radiography, Dental/trends*

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