Displaying publications 141 - 160 of 317 in total

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  1. Migration plans and hours of work in Malaysia
    Gillin ED, Sumner DA
    Int Migr Rev, 1985;19(2):239-50.
    PMID: 12280256
    "This article describes characteristics of prospective migrants in the Malaysian Family Life Survey and investigates how planning to move affects hours of work. [The authors] use ideas about intertemporal substitution...to discuss the response to temporary and permanent wage expectations on the part of potential migrants. [An] econometric section presents reduced-form estimates for wage rates and planned migration equations and two-stage least squares estimates for hours of work. Men currently planning a move were found to work fewer hours. Those originally planning only a temporary stay at their current location work more hours."
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  2. Recent and prospective population trends in Malaysia
    Jones GW, Tan PC
    J Southeast Asian Stud, 1985 Sep;16(2):262-80.
    PMID: 12267554
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  3. Migration of women to cities: the Asian situation in comparative perspective
    Khoo SE, Smith PC, Fawcett JT
    Int Migr Rev, 1984;18(4 Special Issue):1247-63.
    PMID: 12340237
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  4. Population and the World Bank
    Sankaran S
    Finance Dev, 1973 Dec;10(4):18-21.
    PMID: 12257161
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  5. The pattern of maternal mortality at maternity hospital Kuala Lumpur
    Nafisah Adeeb
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Jan;1(1):34-9.
    PMID: 12279887
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  6. Determinants of neonatal outcome in a Malaysian maternity hospital, 1980-1981
    Abdul Kader H
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Jan;1(1):11-8.
    PMID: 12279886
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  7. Children as a resource: environmental degradation and fertility
    Joekes S
    Focus Gend, 1994 Jun;2(2):13-8.
    PMID: 12345527
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  8. Four perspectives of women's health. Workshop participants talk about women's health issues in four countries. [Malaysia]
    Kaur P
    JOICFP News, 1994 Jan.
    PMID: 12318571
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  9. Computers stand out at Tenth Population Census Conference
    Hearn RL
    Asian Pac Cens Forum, 1985 May;11(4):1-4, 9-14, 16.
    PMID: 12267276
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  10. Fertility trends and prospects in East and South-East Asian countries and implications for policies and programmes
    Leete R
    Popul Res Leads, 1991.
    PMID: 12285439
    PIP:
    Fertility trends and prospects for east and southeast Asian countries including cities in China, Taiwan, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Myanmar, and Viet Nam are described. Additional discussion focuses on family planning methods, marriage patterns, fertility prospects, theories of fertility change, and policy implications for the labor supply, labor migrants, increased female participation in the labor force (LFP), human resource development, and social policy measures. Figures provide graphic descriptions of total fertility rates (TFRS) for 12 countries/areas for selected years between 1960-90, TFR for selected Chinese cities between 1955-90, the % of currently married women 15-44 years using contraception by main method for selected years and for 10 countries, actual and projected TFR and annual growth rates between 1990-2020 for Korea and Indonesia. It is noted that the 1st southeast Asian country to experience a revolution in reproductive behavior was Japan with below replacement level fertility by 1960. This was accomplished by massive postponement in age at marriage and rapid reduction in marital fertility. Fertility was controlled primarily through abortion. Thereafter every southeast Asian country experienced fertility declines. Hong Kong, Penang, Shanghai, Singapore, and Taipei and declining fertility before the major thrust of family planning (FP). Chinese fertility declines were reflected in the 1970s to the early 1980s and paralleled the longer, later, fewer campaign and policy which set ambitious targets which were strictly enforced at all levels of administration. Korea and Taiwan's declines were a result of individual decision making to restrict fertility which was encouraged by private and government programs to provide FP information and subsidized services. The context was social and economic change. Indonesia's almost replacement level fertility was achieved dramatically through the 1970s and 1980s by institutional change in ideas about families and schooling and material welfare, changes in the structure of governance, and changes in state ideology. Thailand's decline began in the 1960s and is attributed to social change, change in cultural setting, demand, and FP efforts. Modest declines characterize Malaysia and the Philippines, which have been surpassed by Myanmar and Viet Nam. The policy implications are that there are shortages in labor supply which can be remedied with labor migration, pronatalist policy, more capital intensive industries, and preparation for a changing economy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  11. [Fertility trends and socioeconomic development in the Philippines]
    Nebenfuhr E
    Demogr Inf, 1991;?(?):48-52, 154.
    PMID: 12343124
    PIP:
    In the Philippines the number of children per woman is envisioned to be 2 by the year 2000 to reach simple replacement level. The crude birth rate had dropped from 43.6% in 1960 to 32.3% during 1980-85 corresponding to 4.2 children/woman. However, the corresponding rates for Thailand and Malaysia were 28% and 32.1%, respectively. The total fertility rate (TFR) was still a high 4.7% in 1988. In 1980 TFR was 3 in Manila, but 3/4 of the provinces still had TFR of 5-6.8 in 1985. Yet the World Fertility Survey of 1970 indicated that the total married fertility rate had decreased from 9.6 in 1970 to 9.1 in 1977. Married women had an average of 4.5 children in 1968 and still 4 children in 1983. Only 1/2 of married women aged 15-45 used contraception. In 1983, only 26.2% of all fertile married women used effective contraception. 63% of Moslim women, 70% of Catholics and Protestants, and 83% of members of the Church of Christ advocate modern contraceptives. From 1967 the National Population Outreach Program of the state sent out family planning advisers to unserviced areas. In 1983 only 37% of married women knew about such a service within their locality, and in 1988 a World Bank investigation showed that 67% could not afford contraceptives. The education, employment, income, urbanization of the household as well as medical care of women and children strongly influenced reproduction. The lifting of living standards and improvement of the condition of women is a central tenet of Philippine family planning policy. A multiple regression analysis of the World Fertility Survey proved that professional women tended to have smaller family size, however, most women worked out of economic necessity not because of avocation. The higher the urban family income, the lower marital fertility; but the reverse is true in rural areas where traditionally large families have had more income, and children have provided future material security. In 1983 1/3 of women with children over 18 received regular financial remittances from them. Thus, appropriate family planning program evaluation has to be concerned with the relationships of fertility and rural areas, the economic development of the community, and the physical access to a family planning clinic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  12. Spotlight: Malaysia
    Patriquin W
    Popul Today, 1988 Mar;16(3):12.
    PMID: 12341834
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  13. Differentials in urban-rural fertility in the countries of the ESCAP region
    United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCAP. Secretariat
    Econ Bull Asia Pac, 1985 Dec;36(2):56-80.
    PMID: 12280574
    Fertility differentials between rural and urban populations are investigated using World Fertility Survey data for Bangladesh, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. "The fertility measure used in this analysis is the number of children ever born to a woman. An attempt is made first to establish the differential in fertility levels between urban and rural areas after necessary control of the demographic factors..., and then the possible explanation of the differential is sought in terms of socio-economic variables such as education of the respondent, and occupation, work pattern, work status and place of work of the respondent as well as that of the husband." Data concerning the fertility differentials and the associated explanatory variables are presented in tables and charts. "The results tend to show that the countries of Asia are undergoing similar patterns of fertility transition as was experienced in the advanced countries. Perhaps one can graduate the countries in the transition scale as follows: Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan and Malaysia are in the initial stage; Fiji, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka and Thailand are in the middle stage of transition."
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  14. Population policies in Southeast Asia and Australia: the international relevance of domestic affairs
    Jones GW
    J Aust Popul Assoc, 1984;1:109-20.
    PMID: 12267174
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  15. Demographic and fertility characteristics of 4 squatter settlements
    Yusof K, Zulkifli SN
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1985;3(1):31-45.
    PMID: 12268887
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  16. An overview of the population dynamics in Malaysia
    Arshat H, Tey Nai Peng
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1988 Jun;6(1):23-46.
    PMID: 12281592
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*
  17. Fulltext Ethnic and gender specific life expectancies of the Singapore population, 1965 to 2009 - converging, or diverging?
    Lim RB, Zheng H, Yang Q, Cook AR, Chia KS, Lim WY
    BMC Public Health, 2013 Oct 26;13:1012.
    PMID: 24160733 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1012
    BACKGROUND: The increase in life expectancy and the persistence of expectancy gaps between different social groups in the 20th century are well-described in Western developed countries, but less well documented in the newly industrialised countries of Asia. Singapore, a multiethnic island-state, has undergone a demographic and epidemiologic transition concomitant with economic development. We evaluate secular trends and differences in life expectancy by ethnicity and gender in Singapore, from independence to the present.

    METHODS: Period abridged life tables were constructed to derive the life expectancy of the Singapore population from 1965 to 2009 using data from the Department of Statistics and the Registry of Births and Deaths, Singapore.

    RESULTS: All 3 of Singapore's main ethnic groups, and both genders, experienced an increase in life expectancy at birth and at 65 years from 1965 to 2009, though at substantially different rates. Although there has been a convergence in life expectancy between Indians and Chinese, the (substantial) gap between Malays and the other two ethnic groups has remained. Females continued to have a higher life expectancy at birth and at 65 years than males throughout this period, with no evidence of convergence.

    CONCLUSIONS: Ethnic and gender differences in life expectancy persist in Singapore despite its rapid economic development. Targeted chronic disease prevention measures and health promotion activities focusing on people of Malay ethnicity and the male community may be needed to remedy this inequality.

    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data
  18. Fulltext Spatial structure of seagrass suggests that size-dependent plant traits have a strong influence on the distribution and maintenance of tropical multispecies meadows
    Ooi JL, Van Niel KP, Kendrick GA, Holmes KW
    PLoS One, 2014;9(1):e86782.
    PMID: 24497978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086782
    Seagrass species in the tropics occur in multispecies meadows. How these meadows are maintained through species co-existence and what their ecological drivers may be has been an overarching question in seagrass biogeography. In this study, we quantify the spatial structure of four co-existing species and infer potential ecological processes from these structures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics
  19. Fulltext Predictive modeling and mapping of Malayan Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus) distribution using maximum entropy
    Nazeri M, Jusoff K, Madani N, Mahmud AR, Bahman AR, Kumar L
    PLoS One, 2012;7(10):e48104.
    PMID: 23110182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048104
    One of the available tools for mapping the geographical distribution and potential suitable habitats is species distribution models. These techniques are very helpful for finding poorly known distributions of species in poorly sampled areas, such as the tropics. Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) is a recently developed modeling method that can be successfully calibrated using a relatively small number of records. In this research, the MaxEnt model was applied to describe the distribution and identify the key factors shaping the potential distribution of the vulnerable Malayan Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus) in one of the main remaining habitats in Peninsular Malaysia. MaxEnt results showed that even though Malaysian sun bear habitat is tied with tropical evergreen forests, it lives in a marginal threshold of bio-climatic variables. On the other hand, current protected area networks within Peninsular Malaysia do not cover most of the sun bears potential suitable habitats. Assuming that the predicted suitability map covers sun bears actual distribution, future climate change, forest degradation and illegal hunting could potentially severely affect the sun bear's population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics
  20. Reduced-impact logging and biodiversity conservation: a case study from Borneo
    Edwards DP, Woodcock P, Edwards FA, Larsen TH, Hsu WW, Benedick S, et al.
    Ecol Appl, 2012 Mar;22(2):561-71.
    PMID: 22611854 DOI: 10.1890/11-1362.1
    A key driver of rain forest degradation is rampant commercial logging. Reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques dramatically reduce residual damage to vegetation and soils, and they enhance the long-term economic viability of timber operations when compared to conventionally managed logging enterprises. Consequently, the application of RIL is increasing across the tropics, yet our knowledge of the potential for RIL also to reduce the negative impacts of logging on biodiversity is minimal. We compare the impacts of RIL on birds, leaf-litter ants, and dung beetles during a second logging rotation in Sabah, Borneo, with the impacts of conventional logging (CL) as well as with primary (unlogged) forest. Our study took place 1-8 years after the cessation of logging. The species richness and composition of RIL vs. CL forests were very similar for each taxonomic group. Both RIL and CL differed significantly from unlogged forests in terms of bird and ant species composition (although both retained a large number of the species found in unlogged forests), whereas the composition of dung beetle communities did not differ significantly among forest types. Our results show little difference in biodiversity between RIL and CL over the short-term. However, biodiversity benefits from RIL may accrue over longer time periods after the cessation of logging. We highlight a severe lack of studies investigating this possibility. Moreover, if RIL increases the economic value of selectively logged forests (e.g., via REDD+, a United Nations program: Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries), it could help prevent them from being converted to agricultural plantations, which results in a tremendous loss of biodiversity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics
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