1. The importance of the mental and physical reactions of the amputee. 2. Ideal sites and the technique of amputations are discussed briefly. 3. Rehabilitation and training of the amputee is important if the best results are to be obtained. 4. Some of the special reasons for amputation are considered. 5. The component parts of an artificial limb and their alignment are outlined. 6. Special features in fitting limbs for women and children. 7. Some complications resulting from the wearing of an artificial limb are described. 8. Limb fitting in Malaya has its own peculiar difficulties which time and experience will rectify.
Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) is the most common chromosomal abnormality among liveborn infants. It is the most frequent form of intellectual disability caused by a microscopically demonstrable chromosomal aberration. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach to the ongoing evaluation and monitoring for associated congenital anomalies and acquired disorders.Trisomy 21 is characterized by a variety of dysmorphic features, congenital anomalies and associated medical conditions. Knowledge of these associated conditions are important for clinicians involved in the management of these patients. Appropriate radiologic imaging with prompt, accurate interpretation plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of these diseases. The primary goal of this pictorial review is to unravel the radiological findings of these associated conditions.
Retained products of conception (POC) complicates nearly 1% of all pregnancies, occurring with greater frequency after termination of pregnancy than after vaginal or caesarean delivery. The presenting symptoms of retained products of conception are similar to those of gestational trophoblastic disease and hence accurate differentiation is difficult based on clinical history and physical examination alone. The distinction between these two entities is extremely important as the treatment differs dramatically. These patients often need to be further evaluated with either ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis. Hence, radiologists play a vital role in clinching the diagnosis although at times it may be challenging to differentiate between these two entities. Herein, we discuss a case of degenerated retained products of conception which was initially misdiagnosed as invasive trophoblastic disease in a 41-year-old woman whom last known pregnancy was 10 years ago.
Malaysia merupakan sebuah negara yang berkembang pesat seiring dengan ledakan globalisasi pada masa kini. Dalam menuju ke arah pendidikan bertaraf dunia, Malaysia perlu membawa suatu perubahan yang akan memberi kesan kepada dunia pendidikan. Dalam era globalisasi yang mencabar, kebanyakan negara semakin memandang berat terhadap bidang pendidikan kerana pendidikan telah memainkan peranan yang penting. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) telah melaksanakan kajian semula terhadap sistem pendidikan negara dalam konteks standard pendidikan antarabangsa. Hasil daripada kajian tersebut, Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM) 2013-2025 telah dilancarkan (KPM,2013). Melalui PPPM 2013-2025 salah satu perancangan adalah kemahiran abad ke21 dalam kalangan pelajar. Oleh hal yang demikian, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh tahap akauntabiliti guru, peranan pentadbir dan efikasi kendiri guru terhadap pelaksanaan pengajaran abad ke-21 sekolah rendah di Negeri Sabah. Kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat serta menganalisis pengaruh yang wujud antara tahap akauntabiliti guru, peranan pentadbir dan efikasi kendiri guru dalam isu ini. Seterusnya kajian ini juga menganalisis efikasi kendiri guru sebagai pengantara dalam hubungan tahap akauntabiliti guru dan peranan pentadbir terhadap pelaksanaan pengajaran abad ke-21. Implikasi daripada kajian ini juga diharapkan agar guru dan pihak pentadbir dapat menjalin kerjasama yang erat terhadap pelaksanaan pengajaran abad ke-21 di sekolah agar mampu menyediakan generasi muda untuk menghadapi sebarang kemungkinan.
The main purpose of this research is to understand the experiences and psychological wellbeing of nurses working in palliative ward. There were two research questions driving this research throughout the process of data collection and data analysis. Four nurses from the palliative ward participated in this research to provide details on their psychological wellbeing. Semi-structured interview questions together with observation and simple survey questions were used to gather the data. Thematic analysis was used to identify the meaningful themes for each research question. Six main themes were identified: autonomy, environmental mastery, positive relation, personal growth, self-acceptance and purpose in life. The findings are highly relevant with the theory and literature. The findings indicate that the participants have good psychological wellbeing due to their huge experiences in palliative ward.
This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and compliance with eye care in related to vision complications within the community. Quantitative methods with cross-sectional survey design were applied using simple randomized sampling method. Modified questionnaires from the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire Version 2000 Recorded were distributed to (how many) participants and the data were analyzed using SPSS. Results showed that the level of knowledge and adherence to practices are highly related to eye care , while the complications of sighting in diabetic patients are relatively low. In conclusion, this study have shown that although knowledge levels and adherence to eye care practices are at a high level, eye complications due to diabetes still occured. Therefore,more holistic approach should be given attention to increase awareness of the complications of vision that can lead to blindness as well as more comprehensive diabetes complications so that the severity of complications can be controlled and prevented.
Between June 1980 and April 1986 796 cases of female sterilization were performed in a private clinic in Malaysia using Mark IVa and Mark VI Filshie clips. There was one failure. Technical failure, surgical difficulties and complications were minimal.