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Fulltext Effects of secretome from dynamic 3D cell culture system onto growth and cytoprotection of nasal fibroblast

Siti, N. I., Kavireshna, K., Zafirah, M. R., Foo, Y. I. W., Rabiatul Adawiyah, R., Salina, H., et al.

Medicine & Health, 2017;12(2):259-274.
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Model tiga dimensi (3D) menyerupai ciri-ciri persekitaran tisu asli, justeru
morfologi dan isyarat-isyarat sel daripada kultur 3D selalunya lebih menyerupai
fisiologi asal berbanding sel kultur dua dimensi (2D). Diketahui juga, rembesan
sel mempunyai kesan parakrin kepada pertumbuhan sel-sel lain. Dalam kajian
ini, pengkulturan fibroblast hidung menggunakan system kultur sel 3D telah
dioptimumkan dan kesan bahan rembesan (BR) daripada kultur 3D terhadap kadar
pertumbuhan dan perlindungan sel telah dikaji. Fibroblas hidung dipencilkan
daripada turbinate hidung manusia. Mikrosfera yang sesuai telah dipilih melalui
pengkulturan fibroblast pemindahan ke-3 pada pelbagai jenis mikro sferapolisterin
PolyGEM™. Kemudian, sel-sel telah dikulturkan pada mikrosfera yang terpilih
menggunakan system kultur 3D dan media terkondisi (MT) telah dikumpulkan.
Media terkondisi tiga dimensi (MT3D) telah ditambah kepada fibroblast untuk
mengkaji kadar perlekatan sel, kadar proliferasi, dan perlindungan sel terhadap
kesitotoksikan Centella asiatica. Asai protein asid bicinchonic dijalankan untuk
mengetahui kuantiti protein di dalam BR. Elektroforesis gel poliakrilamida-Sodium
Dodesil Sulfat (SDS-PAGE) telah dilakukan untuk memperoleh profil awal protein
dan membandingkan profil MT3D dengan protein media terkondisi dua dimensi
(MT2D). Kajian ini menunujukkan MT3D tidak menggalakkan perlekatan dan
proliferasi sel secara signifikan. BR didapati memberikan perlindungan sel yang
signifikan pada fibroblast hidung terhadap kesitotoksikan Centella asiatica. MT3D
mempunyai kepekatan protein yang lebih tinggi berbanding MT2D. SDS-PAGE
menunjukkan MT3D mempunyai 3 jalur ekslusif manakala MT2D mempunyai 4 jalur eksklusif. Kajian masa depan harus dijalankan keatas penggunaan BR
fibroblast hidung untuk perlindungan sel terhadap agen-agen yang memudaratkan
di alam sekitar dan produk herba yang sitotoksik.
Laboratory findings and clinical characteristics of Pneumocystis pneumonia and tuberculosis infection among HIV-infected patients with pulmonary infiltrates in Jakarta, Indonesia

Rozaliyani A, Wiyono WH, Nawas MA, Sijam R, Adawiyah R, Tugiran M, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2020 Dec 01;37(4):1117-1123.
PMID: 33612763 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.4.1117

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and pulmonary tuberculosis infection (PTB) are important opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients. The diagnosis remains challenging since Pneumocystis jirovecii cannot be cultured, and expectorated-sputum is frequently difficult to obtain. The monoclonal-antibody detection for P. jirovecii from induced sputum is promising in diagnosing PCP. This study determined the percentage of PCP in HIV-infected patients with pulmonary infiltrates at three government hospitals in Jakarta. The concurrent infection of PTB was carefully documented as well. This cross-sectional study was carried out by documenting the clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, chest X-ray, while clinical outcomes were evaluated during hospitalization. The sputum induction was conducted for P. jirovecii with monoclonal antibody detection at the laboratory of Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, as well as Ziehl-Nielsen staining for PTB. The results indicated that of 55 HIV-infected patients with pulmonary infiltrates, the positive monoclonal antibody for P. jirovecii was detected in eight patients (14.6%). Weight loss, fever, shortness of breath, and crackles were found in all PCP patients; while dry cough in five patients. Moreover, PTB cases with positive acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was detected in five patients (9.1%), the PTB cases with negative AFB was 43.6% (24 out of 55 patients), and the rest 26 patients (47.3%) were not proven to have PTB. The concurrent infections of PCP and PTB were documented in three out of five positive AFB patients. The clinical outcome of eight PCP patients showed improvement in five patients, but the other three patients died. Laboratory findings play an important role in the diagnosis of PCP and PTB, along with clinical characteristics and radiological features. Low CD4+ cell count was considered a possible risk factor for PCP and poor clinical outcomes.
Molecular and biological characterization of citrus bent leaf viroid from Malaysia

Iftikhar Y, Khoo YW, Murugan T, Roslin NA, Adawiyah R, Kong LL, et al.

Mol Biol Rep, 2022 Feb;49(2):1581-1586.
PMID: 34773552 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06930-9

BACKGROUND: A 328-nucleotide variant of citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) was characterized by citrus varieties in Malaysia. After the first report in Malaysia, the emerging CBLVd was detected in five citrus species, namely Citrofortunella microcarpa, Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus hystrix, Citrus maxima, and Citrus sinensis.
METHODS AND RESULTS: CBLVd was detected in 23 out of 133 symptomatic samples through RT-PCR. Sequence analysis of the RT-PCR amplicons from this study showed 99-100% sequence identity to the reference CBLVd Jp isolate and CBLVd isolates reported in Malaysia. Inoculation of sap, obtained from a CBLVd positive sample, into 6-month old healthy C. microcarpa seedlings showed symptoms of slight leaf bending, reduced leaf size of matured leaves, and mild mosaic between 4 to 6 months after inoculation. Moreover, the observed symptoms of chlorosis, midvein necrosis, leaf rolling, and smalling of leaves in calamondin, C. microcarpa (Bunge) Wijnands, were not reported in earlier studies and opened a new avenue for the study of symptomology. The mechanical transmissibility of CBLVd in the inoculated seedlings was reconfirmed by RT-PCR assay and sequencing.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results, the sequence similarity of CBLVd isolates from different areas of Malaysia showed no significant difference among each other and the reference isolate. The CBLVd is mechanically transmissible and could produce variable symptoms in different hosts.
Performance evaluation of Gallium-68 radiopharmaceuticals production using liquid target PETtrace 800 cyclotron

Ashhar Z, Ahmad Fadzil MF, Md Safee Z, Aziz F, Ibarhim UH, Nik Afinde NMF, et al.

Appl Radiat Isot, 2024 Mar;205:111161.
PMID: 38163386 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111161

Due to increased demand, cyclotron has an expanding role in producing Gallium-68 (68Ga) radiopharmaceuticals using solid and liquid targets. Though the liquid target produces lower end-of-bombardment activity compared to the solid target, our study presents the performance of 68Ga radiopharmaceuticals production using the liquid target by evaluating the end-of-bombardment activity and the end-of-purification activity of [68Ga]GaCl3. We also present the effect of increasing irradiation time, which significantly improves the end-of-synthesis yield. From the result obtained, the end-of-bombardment activity produced was 4.48 GBq, and the [68Ga]GaCl3 end-of-purification activity produced was 2.51 GBq with below-limit metallic impurities. Increasing the irradiation time showed a significant increase in the end-of-synthesis activity from 1.33 GBq to 1.95 GBq for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and from 1.13 GBq to 1.74 GBq for [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE. Based on the improvements made, the liquid target production of 68Ga radiopharmaceuticals is feasible and reproducible to accommodate up to 5 patients per production. In addition, this work also discusses the issues encountered, together with the possible corrective and preventative measures.