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Alemtuzumab as Remission Induction Therapy in Behçet Disease: A 20-year Experience

Mohammad AJ, Smith RM, Chow YW, Chaudhry AN, Jayne DR

J Rheumatol, 2015 Oct;42(10):1906-13.
PMID: 26276966 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.141344

To study the efficacy and safety of anti-CD52 antibody (alemtuzumab) in the treatment of refractory and relapsing Behçet disease (BD).
Fulltext Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate Mouth Wash on Salivary pH and Interleukin-1β Levels among Smokers

Hamza SA, Wahid A, Afzal N, Asif S, Imran MF, Khurshid Z, et al.

Eur J Dent, 2020 Mar;14(2):260-267.
PMID: 32396972 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709896

OBJECTIVE: Smoking induces changes in salivary pH and inflammatory biomarker levels associated with oral diseases. This study examined the effect of alkaline oral rinse to modify this effect of smoking on salivary study parameters.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) on systemically healthy smokers was conducted. A total of 78 smokers, aged 18 to 40 years, were enrolled as per exclusion/inclusion criteria. An alkaline mouthwash was provided to the intervention group and a placebo to control group. Salivary pH and inflammatory biomarker interleukin (IL)-1β levels were evaluated at baseline and at follow-up (14 ± 2 days).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Chi-squared test, independaent t-test, and paired t-test were used to observe the changes in parameters among and between groups before and after intervention using SPSS v16 with a significance level of p≤0.050.
RESULTS: Sixty eight salivary samples were analyzed. All study parameters of the study sample were statistically insignificant between both intervention and control groups at baseline. pH level was 6.56 ± 0.53 at baseline and 6.62 ± 0.45 at follow-up in the intervention group; respective values for control group were 6.70 ± 0.36 and 6.83 ± 0.44 and the changes were not significant (p≥0.071). IL-1β level was 9.39 ± 10.23 pg/µL at baseline and 5.40 ± 6.62 pg/µL at a follow-up in the intervention group and the change was significant (p = 0.001); respective values for the control group were 10.63 ± 11.50, and 9.33 ± 11.73 and the difference was nonsignificant (p = 0.076).
CONCLUSION: This randomized trial indicated that sodium bicarbonate mouth rinse is effective in decreasing IL-1β levels and increasing salivary pH favorable for prevention of oral diseases.
Fulltext Design, synthesis, and spasmolytic activity of thiophene-based derivatives via Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid: their structural and computational studies

Rasool N, Ikram HM, Rashid A, Afzal N, Hashmi MA, Khan MN, et al.

Turk J Chem, 2020;44(5):1410-1422.
PMID: 33488240 DOI: 10.3906/kim-1911-51

In the current research work, a facile synthesis of a series of novel thiophene-based derivatives of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid ( 1 ) have been synthesized. All analogs ( 5a - 5e , 10a - 10f ) were obtained from the coupling reaction of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid ( 1 ) and different arylboronic acids with moderate-to-good yields under controlled and optimal conditions. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized through spectral analysis and their spasmolytic activity, and most of the compounds exhibited potentially good spasmolytic effect. Among the synthesized analogs, compound phenethyl 5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxylate ( 10d ) particular showed an excellent spasmolytic effect with an EC 50 value of 1.26. All of the compounds were also studied for their structural and electronic properties by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Through detailed insight into frontier molecular orbitals of the compounds and their different reactivity descriptors, it was found that the compounds 10c and 5c are the most reactive, while 10a is the most stable in the series. Furthermore, compounds 10c and 5c showed a very good NLO response with the highest β values.

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