Accessible tourism is considered new-partially conceptual that being implemented in the tourism
industry. This study carry out to investigate and to determine disabled people in engage with the
tourism activities in Kuala Lumpur City. This study uses qualitative of face-to-face interview and
quantitative of questionnaire survey. Five domains had been set for interview purposes, while
questionnaire survey involved with two main parts, namely demographic profile and the experienced of
disabled people in expose to tourism activities in Kuala Lumpur city. This questionnaire uses
Thurstone scale and Likert scale. Complete collection data will be input using SPSS v.23 for analysis.
The result indicates majority participants are positively agreed that infrastructure or services, as well as
information map should be prepared in appropriated ways would increase the accessible tourism. The
education also plays an important role that able to sustain the accessible tourism industry for longer
term. Nevertheless, most of participants are partially disagreed in the facilities provided, which likely
to refer to the public toilets and transportations, as well as hotels management that should serve
specialty to disabled people. They do opinion that public facilities should be upgrade, as well as
comment on the hotel staffs should undergo for training and behave friendlier attitude, which important
to provide comfortable condition towards the disabled people. This study suggests disabled people
have self-encouraged in engage with the tourism activities in Kuala Lumpur. At the same time, further
study in exploratory, understandable, and predictable on accessible tourism are required, especially
involved in the sub-urban and rural area that provide facilities and services for the tourism industry.
This Methodology framework in research study smoothing the process of collecting data. Research
study is categorized into qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research refer to a studies
require careful observation, while quantitative research refers to a studies involve in statistics.
Qualitative and quantitative research study can be determined through primary and secondary data.
Primary data is defined as data that comes from original or the first source, while secondary data is
defined as data that has been collected by other researchers. Primary data can be categorized into
active and passive. Active primary data can be divided into direct interview (through face to face
between researcher and respondents) and interviewed indirectly (e.g. by phone, mail, technology),
while passive primary data involve with structured and secret characteristic, structured and open
characteristic, unstructured and secret characteristic, unstructured and open characteristic. Secondary
data involves with writing (journals, books, magazines, past records, reports and documents, internet, theses, short stories, newspaper), as well as vision and hearing (speeches, movies and videos, songs,
stories). Even secondary data has its advantages and disadvantages, but both secondary and primary
data are depend on each other in solving the society problems through the achievement of the
objectives or hyphotheses in a research study.
Research study is an academic methods applied in real world in solving problems associated with the
society. The research process in achieving objectives of study will have a complete framework
including methodology. Methodology can be defined as method used to collec and compile data
through effective procedures in resulting the study problems. Methodology is divided into three stages,
namely the planning process, application process, and analysis process. This literature review of
methodology framework prioritizes on the planning process that involve with research study design,
which can be divided into an experimental and non-experimental. Experimental methods can be
categorized into real-experimental studies and quasi-experimental studies. Meanwhile, nonexperimental
can be divided into experimental survey, field studies, case studies, action studies and
historical studies. Mostly experimental methods are used in pure science and non-experimental methods used in social sciences. However, both methods are still relevant to be applied into certain
areas of study in order to achieve the objectives and hypothesis. Therefore, the methodology are
compulsory to be designed and applied properly, precisely and accurately so that the process of
collecting data in the period of before, during and after collection will not involve with ant errors,
mistakes and carelessness that may affect the research study.
Methodology is compulsory in research study that involve with the process of design,
application, and analysis. The literature review was conducted to describe the relationship of
sampling area, sample size, and determination of the measurement scale. The sample size can
be determined through formula (or equation). When sample size are applied in sampling area,
probability and non-probability sampling will be involve in determining the quantity and
quality of data collection for research. Random probability sampling is divided into simple
random, systematic, stages random, various stages random, and grouping; while nonprobability
sampling can be divided into chance, aimed, quota, snowball, dimensional, critical cases, and maximum variation. Next, the measurement scale can be determined through
normal, ordinal interval and ratio in questionnaire or interview, which all four scales will be
determine measurements such as Likert scale, Thurstone scale, Guttman scale, and the
difference procedures of Sematics scale in carrying out an analysis research. Therefore, the
sample size and sampling area, and also the choice of measurement scale is important in the
methodology for smoothing and accelerating the process of collecting and gathering data.
The Northeast Monsoon flood disaster is a nature catastrophic that struck during monsoon season,
which from October to December, is negatively impact to the local communities. Therefore, this study
conducted to determine the effectiveness of internal factors in confronts the monsoon flood disaster in
Kota Bharu, Kelantan. This reseach involved with quantitative methods, where questionnaires is
require to collect and gather the data. This questionnaires is divided into two parts, namely
demographic profile and internal factors in confronts the monsoon flood. Targeted sample size was set
to 400 respondents and the study area is concentrated in Kota Bharu city. The analysis used in this
study is the correlation coefficient between variables. The results indicate majority of respondents
settled adjacent to the river is likely to build timber-structured house and higher than the land surface or a poles house to avoid flood disasters. In addition, respondents are cautious especially when there is
continuous raining by preparing the daily need such as water, foods, boats, etc., which is sufficient for
long period of one month or more. Despite the floods that bring joy to some residents, however,
respondents will move to higher and safer area along with the important documents when necessary. In
conclusion, the residents practiced the concept of adaptation to face the monsoon floods through
physically and mentality, as well as ensuring safety and healthy are in good condition to avoid any
unwanted circumstances.
Global environmental change is mainly due to human behaviours and is a major threat to sustainability. Despite all the health and economic consequences, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on environmental health warrants the scientific community's attention. Thus, this article examined and narratively reviewed the impact of several drastic measures taken on the macro environment and holistic planetary health. We note that the amount of pollution in the air, water, soil, and noise showed a significant decline during the pandemic. Global air quality improved due to lower anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and atmospheric particles. Water ecosystems also demonstrated signs of recuperation in many countries. Less commercial fishing internationally resulted in the restoration of some aquatic life. Additionally, significant reduction of solid and water waste led to less soil pollution. Some places experienced cleaner beaches and ocean water while wildlife sightings in urban areas across the world occurred more often. Lastly, the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown also led to a worldwide decline in noise pollution. However, the beneficial environmental effects will not be permanent as the world gradually returns to its pre-pandemic status quo. Therefore, behavioural changes such as adopting a lifestyle that reduces carbon footprint are needed to make a positive impact on the environment. In addition, world leaders should consider the national policy changes necessary to ensure continuity of as many of the positive environmental impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown as possible. Those changes would also serve to lessen the likelihood of another zoonotic calamity.