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Fulltext Characterization of tumorspheres generated from nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line, TW06 and chemoresistance to docetaxel and oxaliplatin

Goh, Iris Wen Li, Kien, Yip Wai, Fong, Seow Heng

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2015;11(2):9-20.
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In this study, tumorspheres were generated from TW06 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line and examined their expression of putative cancer stem-like cell surface markers and drug sensitivity. The rate of tumorsphere expansion from dissociated late passage TW06 tumorspheres (≥ passage 15) was higher than that from parental cells and dissociated 10-day-old (passage 0) tumorspheres. The expression of CD24 surface marker was lost in the generation of tumorspheres and the loss was reversible after differentiating the tumorspheres in monolayer culture conditions. Drug sensitivity assay showed that late passage tumorspheres were resistant to docetaxel and oxaliplatin treatment. Our data suggest that serially passaged tumorspheres possess the characteristics of CSCs that render them a suitable preclinical in vitro model for evaluating anticancer drug efficacy and elucidating the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance.
Comparison of the expression of beta-catenin in hepatocellular carcinoma in areas with high and low levels of exposure to aflatoxin B1

Chen Ban K, Singh H, Krishnan R, Fong Seow H

J Surg Oncol, 2004 Jun 1;86(3):157-63.
PMID: 15170655

Previous studies showed that the frequency of beta-catenin mutation was different in mice when induced by different chemicals. The aim of this study is to compare the expression of beta-catenin and p53 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from areas with exposure to high and low levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).
Para-phenylenediamine-induces apoptosis via a pathway dependent on PTK-Ras-Raf-JNK activation but independent of the PI3K/Akt pathway in NRK-52E cells

Kasi RA, Moi CS, Kien YW, Yian KR, Chin NW, Yen NK, et al.

Mol Med Rep, 2015 Mar;11(3):2262-8.
PMID: 25411820 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2979

para‑Phenylenediamine (p‑PD) is a potential carcinogen, and widely used in marketed hair dye formulations. In the present study, the role of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK)/Ras/Raf/c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3k)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathways on the growth of NRK‑52E cells was investigated. The results demonstrated that p‑PD reduced cell viability in a dose‑dependent manner. The cell death due to apoptosis was confirmed by cell cycle analysis and an Annexin‑V‑fluorescein isothiocyanate binding assay. Subsequent to staining with 2',7'‑dichlorofluorescin diacetate, the treated cells demonstrated a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation compared with the controls. The effects of p‑PD on the signalling pathways were analysed by western blotting. p‑PD‑treated cells exhibited an upregulated phospho‑stress‑activated protein kinase/JNK protein expression level and downregulated Ras and Raf protein expression levels; however, Akt, Bcl‑2, Bcl‑XL and Bad protein expression levels were not significantly altered compared with the control. In conclusion, p‑PD induced apoptosis by a PTK/Ras/Raf/JNK‑dependent pathway and was independent of the PI3K/Akt pathway in NRK‑52E cells.
Ethnicity influences disease characteristics and symptom severity in allergic rhinitis patients in Malaysia

Amini P, Abdullah M, Seng LS, Karunakaran T, Hani N, Bakar SA, et al.

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2016 Jun;6(6):624-30.
PMID: 26919193 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21442

BACKGROUND: The number of available reports regarding the influence of ethnicity on clinical features of allergic rhinitis (AR), especially disease severity in tropical climates, is limited. We aimed to compare clinical parameters and disease severity in AR patients of different ethnicities.
METHODS: Malay, Chinese, and Indian AR patients (n = 138) with confirmed sensitivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dematophagoides farinae, and Blomia tropicalis were tested for mite-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels. A detailed questionnaire was used to collect data on nasal symptom score (NSS), ocular symptom score (OSS), sum of symptoms score (SSS), quality of life score (QLS), symptomatic control score (SCS), and total sum of scores (TSS) and correlate the derived data with patients' demography, mite-polysensitivity, and sIgE levels.
RESULTS: AR-related symptoms were most severe in Malays and least in Chinese (p < 0.01). Age (r = 0.516 to 0.673, p < 0.05) and duration of AR (r = 0.635 to 0.726, p < 0.01) correlated positively with severity domains (NSS, SSS, QLS, and TSS) in Chinese. Duration of concurrent allergies was highest in Malays (p < 0.05). Polysensitivity predicted increased sIgE levels in Malays (r = 0.464 to 0.551, p < 0.01) and Indians (r = 0.541 to 0.645, p < 0.05) but affected NSS, SSS, and TSS only in Indians (r = 0.216 to 0.376, p < 0.05). sIgE levels were lowest among Chinese but correlated strongly with NSS, OSS, SSS, and TSS (r = 0408 to 0.898, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Clinical parameters in AR may be influenced by race. Symptoms were most severe among Malays but did not correlate with other variables examined. Although Indian ethnicity did not impact disease severity, duration of concurrent allergies and mite-polysensitivity was associated with more severe disease. Age, duration of disease, and sIgE levels may be useful indicators of disease severity in Chinese.