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  1. Histopathological study of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE)
    Okubo Y, Sakai M, Yamazaki H, Sugawara Y, Samejima J, Yoshioka E, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2020 08;42(2):259-265.
    PMID: 32860379
    INTRODUCTION: Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare tumour that mainly arises from the thyroid gland, or occasionally, from the head and neck. Although the 10-year survival rate of patients with CASTLE is approximately 80%, local recurrence and distant metastasis are observed in some cases. A recent systematic review for CASTLE indicated that the prognostic factors are treatment-dependent, and postoperative radiotherapy significantly improves patient survival.

    CASE REPORT: Herein, we describe and compare three cases of CASTLE, including a case with distant metastasis despite administering postoperative chemotherapy. Thus, the mechanisms underlying metastasis of CASTLE are unclear. This case study helps to elucidate the histopathological risk factors of metastasis in CASTLE.

    DISCUSSION: We found that prominent lymphovascular invasion and higher proliferative activities might be risk factors of metastasis in CASTLE. In addition, we have summarised the cytological, morphological, and immunohistochemical features of CASTLE for an accurate diagnosis.

  2. Cytototoxic constituents from the bark of Chisocheton cumingianus (Meliaceae)
    Katja DG, Farabi K, Nurlelasari, Harneti D, Mayanti T, Supratman U, et al.
    J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2016 Jun 22.
    PMID: 27329305 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1196671
    A new lanostane-type triterpenoid, 3β-hydroxy-25-ethyl-lanost-9(11),24(24')-diene (1), along with 3β-hydroxy-lanost-7-ene (2) and β-sitosterol-3-O-acetate (3) was isolated from the stem bark of C. cumingianus. The chemical structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. All of the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against P-388 murine leukemia cells. Compounds 1-3 showed cytotoxicity against P-388 murine leukemia cells with IC50 values of 28.8 ± 0.10, 4.29 ± 0.03, and 100.18 ± 0.16 μg/ml, respectively.
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