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  1. Junli A, Isa SNI, Ibrahim FS
    Nurse Educ Pract, 2023 May;69:103617.
    PMID: 36996552 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103617
    BACKGROUND: The retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills among healthcare providers is critical to ensure the delivery of effective treatment to patients who experience cardiac arrest. However, the factors influencing cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention among healthcare providers have yet to be well studied.

    OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to map the factors influencing cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention among healthcare providers.

    METHODS: A literature search was conducted using the Web of Sciences, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar and PubMed electronic databases. The inclusion criteria were original publications published during the last five years (2018 - 2022), availability of full texts in English and evidence of the retention of pertinent cardiopulmonary resuscitation in terms of knowledge and abilities.

    RESULTS: Three cross-sectional studies, two prospective studies, one each of prospective descriptive-analytical study, randomised controlled trial, intervention and prospective interventional study, prospective pre-post study, retrospective study, cluster randomised control trial and randomised education trial study comprise the 14 publications including in this study. The thematic analysis identified four major themes that influence the retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills: experience, training type, training frequency and other factors. The final theme identified infrastructure access, evidence-based practice review meetings and healthcare providers' educational background.

    CONCLUSION: To retain skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, healthcare providers must be regularly updated and trained on the latest cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines.

  2. Vallennie V, Isa SNI, Mazlan AZ, Shaifuddin SNM
    Med J Malaysia, 2024 Mar;79(Suppl 1):82-87.
    PMID: 38555890
    INTRODUCTION: The palm oil (PO) industry is one of the most important sectors in the Malaysian economy. Workers at PO mills are, however, at risk for a number of health and safety issues, including heat stress, as the PO is one of the industries with high heat exposure. Heat stress occurs when a person's body cannot get rid of excess heat. Heat stress can result in heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat rash, and heat stroke. It also results in physiological and psychological changes that can have an impact on a worker's performance. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of heat stress on health-related symptoms and physiological changes among workers in a PO mill.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a PO mill located in Mukah, Sarawak, Malaysia. Thirty-one workers from the four workstations (sterilizer, boiler, oil, and engine rooms) were selected as the respondents in this study. Wet Bulb Globe Thermometer was used in this study to measure the environmental temperature (WBGTin). Body core temperature (BCT), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded both before and after working in order to assess the physiological effects of heat stress on workers. A set of questionnaires were used to determine sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents and their symptoms related to heat stress. Data were then analyzed using SPSS Ver28.

    RESULTS: The WBGTin was found to be above the ACGIH threshold limit value of heat stress exposure in the engine room, sterilizer, and boiler workstations (>28.0°C). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the worker's BCT in these three workstations before and after work (p<0.05). Only the systolic BP and HR of those working at the boiler workstation showed significant difference between before and after work (p<0.05). The most typical symptoms that workers experience as a result of being exposed to heat at work include headache and fatigue. However, statistical analysis using Spearman Rho's test showed that there is no correlation between heat stress level with physiological changes and health-related symptoms among study respondents (p>0.05).

    CONCLUSION: Results of the present study confirmed that workers in PO mill were exposed to high temperatures while at work. Although the evidence indicates the physiological parameters in general are not significantly affected while working, it also demonstrated that worker's body adapts and acclimates to the level of heat. Even so, precautions should still be taken to reduce future heat exposure. It is recommended that a physiological study be carried out that focuses on cognitive function impairment to support the evidence regarding the effects of heat stress on PO mill workers.

  3. Mohd Anuar AH, Mohamad Anuar NN, Isa SNI, Bahari M
    Med J Malaysia, 2024 Mar;79(Suppl 1):88-95.
    PMID: 38555891
    INTRODUCTION: Several necessary initiatives have been made to create a readily available vaccine against the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide pandemic. However, the vaccination program's success is dependent on the population's willingness as well as their knowledge of vaccination. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and acceptance towards the COVID-19 vaccine among the community in Johor Bahru, Johor.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey between February and May 2022, with 423 respondents. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic, assessment of knowledge level and acceptance level towards COVID-19 vaccine. The descriptive analysis and non-parametric tests were employed to investigate the study outline objectives.

    RESULTS: Of all 423 participants, 293 (69.3%) of the participants had a high level of knowledge about the COVID- 19 vaccine (median knowledge score 6; IQR = 3), and 239 (56.5%) were reported to have a low level of vaccine acceptance (median acceptance scores 4; IQR=2). The knowledge level towards the COVID-19 vaccine was significantly associated with the vaccine acceptance level (p<0.001).

    CONCLUSION: The community's level of knowledge towards COVID-19 vaccine was high; however, the vaccine acceptance was low.

  4. Isa SNI, Ishak I, Ab Rahman A, Mohd Saat NZ, Che Din N, Lubis SH, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Apr;28(2):128-141.
    PMID: 33958967 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.2.12
    BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL) is an important aspect of well-being for the caregivers of children with disability, making it a noteworthy outcome. Little is known about the challenges faced by the caregivers in Asian countries and its association to their QoL. The purpose of this study was to examine a model describing the relationship between sociodemographic and disability-related factors on caregivers' QoL, mediated by the caregivers' psychosocial factors such as perceived stress, coping skills, and social support.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving caregivers of children with special needs in Kelantan, a state of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 383 caregivers completed questionnaires measuring sociodemographics, disability-related factors, psychosocial factors and QoL outcome. Structural equation modelling was performed to examine the relations of the variables in the conceptual model.

    RESULTS: In the final model, childcare dependency, caregiver's age, financial support, negative perception of stress and maladaptive coping skills were significant predictors of QoL (R 2 = 0.65). Caregiver's age had a direct effect on QoL, while financial support had an indirect effect on QoL via negative perception of stress. Childcare dependency had direct and indirect effects on QoL via negative perception of stress. Higher perceived stress was associated with lower QoL directly and indirectly via maladaptive coping skills. The final model fitted the data well (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.046; CFI = 0.923; χ2/df = 1.798).

    CONCLUSION: Intervention strategies to improve the QoL of caregivers should target the family unit and take into account the factors of child's disability, demographic and caregiver's psychosocial status.

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