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Photodentistry - an innovative approach to improving students' empathy and learning experiences in comprehensive patient care

Ahmad MS, Radhi DSM, Rusle FF, Zul MF, Jalaluddin J, Baharuddin IH

J Dent Educ, 2020 Nov;84(11):1219-1229.
PMID: 32645212 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12295

OBJECTIVES: Preparing future dental school graduates to provide comprehensive patient care with empathy requires the completion of adequate training in such practice. This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of the Photodentistry learning activity, which uses visual arts, in improving dental students' empathy and learning experience in comprehensive patient care.
METHODS: All fourth-year undergraduate dental students (n = 69, response rate = 100%) participated in the Photodentistry learning activity developed by specialists from the areas of dentistry, arts, education, and psychology. A survey using the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) was conducted both pretest and posttest, followed by an open-ended written survey of their reflection towards the learning activity. Quantitative data were analyzed via paired t-test (P < 0.05), while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: There was a significant increase in both students' total mean empathy score and the individual scores for 8 (out of 16) items of the TEQ after the learning activity. Students stated that they had an improved understanding of managing patients in a comprehensive manner (e.g., managing medically compromised patients, performing treatment planning, communication with patients who have special health care needs). Students also reported the development of skills (e.g., observation, critical thinking) and positive attitudes (e.g., empathy, responsibility) towards patients.
CONCLUSION: Photodentistry is an effective learning approach for improving dental students' empathy and learning experience in comprehensive patient care.
Fulltext Outcome of trabeculectomy in hospital Melaka, Malaysia

Heng Hah M, Norliza Raja Omar R, Jalaluddin J, Fadzillah Abd Jalil N, Selvathurai A

Int J Ophthalmol, 2012;5(3):384-8.
PMID: 22773993 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2012.03.26

AIM: To study the success and outcome of trabeculectomy in Hospital Melaka.
METHODS: Medical records of all patients who underwent trabeculectomy between January 1, 2007 and October 31, 2010 whom were followed up for at least 6 months postoperatively in Hospital Melaka were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS: A total number of 117 eyes of 91 patients with the age range between 12 to 84 years underwent primary trabeculectomy (n=20, 17.1%), combine trabeculectomy with cataract surgery (n=90, 76.9%), repeat trabeculectomy (n=5, 4.3%), and combine repeat trabeculectomy with cataract surgery (n=2, 1.7%). The disease spectrum includes primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (54 patients, 59.3%), priamry angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) (14 patients, 15.4%), secondary glaucomas (19 patients, 20.9%) and juvenile glaucomas (4 patients, 4.4%). Preoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was (24.69±8.67)mmHg as compared to postoperative mean IOP of (15.81±6.66)mmHg, (15.07±4.72)mmHg and (15.68 ±3.65)mmHg at 6-month, 12-month and 24-month respectively. Eighty-two point one percent of eyes (n=96) achieved complete success (CS), 12.8% (n=15) with qualified success (QS) and only 5.1% (n=6) failed at 6 month with two of them warrant other filtering surgery. At twelve months, trabeculectomy with CS was 71.6% (n=63), QS in 22.7% (n=20) and failure in 5.7% (n=5). Sixty-seven point five percent (n=27) attained CS, 20.0% (n=8) with QS while 12.5% (n=5) failed at 24 month postoperative.
CONCLUSION: As the understanding of the lower the IOP, the better the patients retaining the visual function, trabeculectomy is significantly a choice of treatment in uncontrolled glaucoma. This study concluded that trabeculectomy performed in Hospital Melaka has produced significant success as compared to other studies.
KEYWORDS: glaucoma; success rate; trabeculectomy
Orbital Abscess With Vision Threatening Optic Neuropathy Due to Odontogenic Sinusitis in Adolescence: A Case Report and Literature Review

Harun NF, Wan Hitam WH, Mohd Fauzi Yap MF, Jalaluddin J

Cureus, 2024 Oct;16(10):e71664.
PMID: 39553123 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.71664

Orbital abscesses secondary to odontogenic infections are rare but can lead to serious complications, including compressive optic neuropathy and permanent vision loss, if not diagnosed and treated promptly. We present the case of a 13-year-old child with a radiologically confirmed orbital abscess associated with a recent odontogenic infection. The patient initially presented with a one-week history of right eyelid swelling and fever. The symptoms began after treatment for dental caries, during which the patient was prescribed a three-day course of oral antibiotics. Despite emergency pulp extirpation, the swelling worsened, leading to severe proptosis, decreased vision, and mild optic nerve dysfunction. Surgical exploration of the right orbit with incision and drainage revealed 8 mL of thick purulent material. Culture results confirmed Streptococcus intermedius as the causative organism. Following a combination of intravenous antibiotics and surgical intervention, the patient showed significant improvement, with resolution of swelling and restoration of vision. This case highlights the critical importance of early diagnosis, timely imaging, and surgical and medical management integration in preventing vision-threatening complications of orbital abscesses caused by odontogenic infections in pediatric patients.

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