MyMedR

Trends and differentials in Moslem fertility. A comment

Jones GW

J Biosoc Sci, 1985 Jul;17(3):371-2.

PMID: 4030817

Population policies in Southeast Asia and Australia: the international relevance of domestic affairs

Jones GW

J Aust Popul Assoc, 1984;1:109-20.

PMID: 12267174

Trends in marriage and divorce in Peninsular Malaysia

Jones GW

Popul Stud (Camb), 1980 Jul;34(2):279-92.

PMID: 22077126 DOI: 10.1080/00324728.1980.10410390

Summary Median age at marriage for women has risen sharply for each of the three major ethnic groups - Malays, Chinese and Indians, in Peninsular Malaysia since 1957. The sharpest rise has been recorded for Malays and Indians, whose median age at marriage was barely over 17 in 1957. A shortage of potential husbands in the traditionally sanctioned ages contributed to the rise for Malays and Indians, but was probably not the paramount reason; average age differences between the spouses narrowed, but median age at marriage for men actually rose. During the same period, the previously extremely high divorce rates amongst Malays have fallen sharply, though wide inter-state differences remain. The sharp changes in marriage patterns reflect, and in turn are partly responsible for, far-reaching social and economic changes. They have profoundly affected fertility levels and patterns, as well as intra-familial relationships.

Changing patterns of marriage and household formation in Peninsular Malaysia

Tan PC, Jones GW

Sojourn, 1990;5(2):163-93.

PMID: 12283691

"Based on surveys conducted among different ethnic groups in rural and urban settings in Peninsular Malaysia in 1981-82, this paper analyses changes in patterns of marriage and household formation among Malays, Chinese, and Indians. Aspects covered include social mixing before marriage, choice of spouse, comparison of spouses' characteristics, and place of residence after marriage. There are important cultural differences between the main Malaysian ethnic groups in matters related to marriage, but in many important respects, attitudes and practice are tending to converge...."

Malay divorce in Peninsular Malaysia: the near-disappearance of an institution

Tan PC, Jones GW

Southeast Asian J Soc Sci, 1990;18(2):85-114.

PMID: 12317142

Recent and prospective population trends in Malaysia

Jones GW, Tan PC

J Southeast Asian Stud, 1985 Sep;16(2):262-80.

PMID: 12267554

Population mobility in Peninsular Malaysia

Jones GW, Sidh MS

Dev Forum, 1979 Dec;9(2):1-21.

PMID: 12336532

Continuing fertility transitions in a plural society: ethnic trends and differentials in Peninsular Malaysia

Lim LL, Jones GW, Hirschman C

J Biosoc Sci, 1987 Oct;19(4):405-25.

PMID: 3680319

Acoustic divergence in two cryptic Hipposideros species: a role for social selection?

Kingston T, Lara MC, Jones G, Akbar Z, Kunz TH, Schneider CJ

Proc Biol Sci, 2001 Jul 7;268(1474):1381-6.

PMID: 11429138

We present evidence that a relatively widespread and common bat from South East Asia comprises two morphologically cryptic but acoustically divergent species. A population of the bicoloured leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros bicolor) from Peninsular Malaysia exhibits a bimodal distribution of echolocation call frequencies, with peaks in the frequency of maximum energy at ca. 131 and 142 kHz. The two phonic types are genetically distinct, with a cytochrome b sequence divergence of just under 7%. We consider the mechanisms by which acoustic divergence in these species might arise. Differences in call frequency are not likely to effect resource partitioning by detectable prey size or functional range. However, ecological segregation may be achieved by differences in microhabitat use; the 131kHz H. bicolor is characterized by significantly longer forearms, lower wing loading, a lower aspect ratio and a more rounded wingtip, features that are associated with greater manoeuvrability in flight that may enable it to forage in more cluttered environments relative to the 142 kHz phonic type. We suggest that acoustic divergence in these species is a consequence of social selection for a clear communication channel, which is mediated by the close link between the acoustic signal and receptor systems imposed by the highly specialized nature of the hipposiderid and rhinolophid echolocation system.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) randomized trial of palliative treatment of incurable locally advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CHT) in limited resource setting

Jeremic B, Fidarova E, Sharma V, Faheem M, Ameira AA, Nasr Ben Ammar C, et al.

Radiother Oncol, 2015 Jul;116(1):21-6.

PMID: 26163093 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.06.017

To optimize palliation in incurable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a prospective randomized study (NCT00864331) comparing protracted palliative radiotherapy (RT) course with chemotherapy (CHT) followed by short-course palliative RT.

Radiation Therapy Utilization in Middle-Income Countries

Rosenblatt E, Fidarova E, Zubizarreta E, Barton MB, MacKillop W, Jones GW, et al.

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2016 Oct 1;96(2S):S37.

PMID: 27675913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.102

Fulltext Biophysical and anthropogenic influences on the status of Tonga's coral reefs and reef fish fishery

Smallhorn-West P, Gordon S, Stone K, Ceccarelli D, Malimali S, Halafihi T, et al.

PLoS One, 2020;15(11):e0241146.

PMID: 33201891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241146

Despite increasing threats to Tonga's coral reefs from stressors that are both local (e.g. overfishing and pollution) and global (e.g. climate change), there is yet to be a systematic assessment of the status of the country's coral reef ecosystem and reef fish fishery stocks. Here, we provide a national ecological assessment of Tonga's coral reefs and reef fish fishery using ecological survey data from 375 sites throughout Tonga's three main island groups (Ha'apai, Tongatapu and Vava'u), represented by seven key metrics of reef health and fish resource status. Boosted regression tree analysis was used to assess and describe the relative importance of 11 socio-environmental variables associated with these key metrics of reef condition. Mean live coral cover across Tonga was 18%, and showed a strong increase from north to south correlated with declining sea surface temperature, as well as with increasing distance from each provincial capital. Tongatapu, the southernmost island group, had 2.5 times greater coral cover than the northernmost group, Vava'u (24.9% and 10.4% respectively). Reef fish species richness and density were comparable throughout Tongatapu and the middle island group, Ha'apai (~35 species/transect and ~2500 fish/km2), but were significantly lower in Vava'u (~24 species/transect and ~1700 fish/km2). Spatial patterns in the reef fish assemblage were primarily influenced by habitat-associated variables (slope, structural complexity, and hard coral cover). The biomass of target reef fish was greatest in Ha'apai (~820 kg/ha) and lowest in Vava'u (~340 kg/ha), and was negatively associated with higher human influence and fishing activity. Overall mean reef fish biomass values suggest that Tonga's reef fish fishery can be classified as moderately to heavily exploited, with 64% of sites having less than 500 kg/ha. This study provides critical baseline ecological information for Tonga's coral reefs that will: (1) facilitate ongoing management and research; and (2) enable accurate reporting on conservation targets locally and internationally.

Fulltext Management of mild degenerative cervical myelopathy and asymptomatic spinal cord compression: an international survey

Brannigan JFM, Davies BM, Mowforth OD, Yurac R, Kumar V, Dejaegher J, et al.

Spinal Cord, 2024 Feb;62(2):51-58.

PMID: 38129661 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-023-00945-8

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVE: Currently there is limited evidence and guidance on the management of mild degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and asymptomatic spinal cord compression (ASCC). Anecdotal evidence suggest variance in clinical practice. The objectives of this study were to assess current practice and to quantify the variability in clinical practice.

METHODS: Spinal surgeons and some additional health professionals completed a web-based survey distributed by email to members of AO Spine and the Cervical Spine Research Society (CSRS) North American Society. Questions captured experience with DCM, frequency of DCM patient encounters, and standard of practice in the assessment of DCM. Further questions assessed the definition and management of mild DCM, and the management of ASCC.

RESULTS: A total of 699 respondents, mostly surgeons, completed the survey. Every world region was represented in the responses. Half (50.1%, n = 359) had greater than 10 years of professional experience with DCM. For mild DCM, standardised follow-up for non-operative patients was reported by 488 respondents (69.5%). Follow-up included a heterogeneous mix of investigations, most often at 6-month intervals (32.9%, n = 158). There was some inconsistency regarding which clinical features would cause a surgeon to counsel a patient towards surgery. Practice for ASCC aligned closely with mild DCM. Finally, there were some contradictory definitions of mild DCM provided in the form of free text.

CONCLUSIONS: Professionals typically offer outpatient follow up for patients with mild DCM and/or asymptomatic ASCC. However, what this constitutes varies widely. Further research is needed to define best practice and support patient care.

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