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  1. Fulltext Clinical Profile and Visual Outcome of Pediatric Cataract Surgeries in West Malaysia
    Xiao Wei Ting, Wee Min Teh, Chin Sern Chan, Nor Fadzillah Abdul Jalil, Julieana Muhammed
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020;26(2):27-34.
    MyJurnal
    Purpose: We aim to describe the clinical profile and visual outcome of paediatric patients who underwent cataract surgery in a tertiary ophthalmology referral centre in West Malaysia from 2013 to 2018. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all paediatric patients who underwent cataract surgery in our centre from 2013-2018. Results: A total of 35 eyes from 23 patients were included. There were 10 (43.5%) female and 13 (56.5%) male patients. Twelve patients (24 eyes) had bilateral cataract while 11 patients had unilateral cataract. Sixteen (45.7%) eyes had congenital cataract, followed by ectopia lentis (n=10, 28.6%), traumatic cataract (n=8, 22.9%) and steroid induced cataract (n=1, 2.8%). Three types of intraocular lens (IOL) were implanted: which were posterior chamber IOL (n=22, 62.9%), iris claw IOL (n=12, 34.3%) and scleral-fixated IOL (n=1, 2.8%). Majority of eyes (n=28, 80%) had primary IOL implantation. Twenty-five (71.4%) eyes achieved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/12 and better at 6 months post-IOL implantation. There was no statistically significant difference in the BCVA at 6 months post-IOL implantation among the different cataract aetiology, primary or secondary IOL implantation and types of IOL implant. Eight (22.9%) eyes developed post-operative complications, which included posterior capsular opacification (PCO) (n=6, 17.1%), IOL decentration (n=4, 11.4%) and glaucoma (n=1, 2.8%). Nineteen (82.6%) patients required glasses for visual rehabilitation. Conclusion: Majority of the paediatric cataract patients achieved BCVA of 6/12 or better at 6 months post-IOL implantation. The visual outcome among the different cataract aetiology, primary or secondary IOL implantation and types of IOL implanted were similar. PCO was the most common post-operative complication.
  2. Fulltext Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor levels in tears and serum among diabetic patients
    Ang WJ, Zunaina E, Norfadzillah AJ, Raja-Norliza RO, Julieana M, Ab-Hamid SA, et al.
    PLoS One, 2019;14(8):e0221481.
    PMID: 31437234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221481
    OBJECTIVE: Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in ocular tissue may perhaps provide insight into the role of VEGF in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of VEGF in tears and serum amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.

    METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2016 and May 2018 involving type 2 DM patients with no DR, non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). Tear samples were collected using no.41 Whatman filter paper (Schirmer strips) and 5 mL blood samples were drawn by venous puncture. VEGF levels in tears and serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

    RESULTS: A total of 88 type 2 DM patients (no DR: 30 patients, NPDR: 28 patients, PDR: 30 patients) were included in the study. Mean tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in the NPDR and PDR groups (114.4 SD 52.5 pg/mL and 150.8 SD 49.7 pg/mL, respectively) compared to the no DR group (40.4 SD 26.5 pg/mL, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the mean serum VEGF levels between the three groups. There was a fair correlation between serum and tear VEGF levels (p = 0.015, r = 0.263).

    CONCLUSION: VEGF levels in tears were significantly higher amongst diabetic patients with DR compared to those without DR and were significantly associated with the severity of DR. There was a fair correlation between serum and tear VEGF levels. Detection of VEGF in tears is a good non-invasive predictor test for the severity of DR. A large cohort study is needed for further evaluation.

  3. Fulltext Concurrent hyphema and orbital apex syndrome following herpes zoster ophthalmicus in a middle aged lady
    Othman K, Evelyn-Tai LM, Raja-Azmi MN, Julieana M, Liza-Sharmini AT, Tharakan J, et al.
    Int J Surg Case Rep, 2017;30:197-200.
    PMID: 28061417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.12.010
    Hyphema and orbital apex syndrome occurring concurrently in a patient with herpes zoster ophthalmicus have not been reported previously. We present a case with these unique findings and discuss the pathogenesis of these conditions and their management.
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