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Construction of molecule markers for prolific oil palm tissue culture

Siti Khadijah A. Karim, Nik Marzuki Sidik

Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1701-1708.

Penggunaan penanda DNA boleh mengurangkan masalah dalam kultur tisu khususnya apabila diaplikasikan semasa
pemilihan pokok untuk kultur tisu. Oleh itu, penyelidikan ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk membina penanda molekul
bagi kultur tisu kelapa sawit prolifik dengan menggunakan teknik polimorfisme panjang cebisan teramplifikasi (AFLP).
Analisis AFLP dijalankan ke atas 20 klon kelapa sawit yang terbahagi kepada tiga kelas iaitu klon tidak prolifik (10
jenis klon), klon normal (6 jenis klon) dan klon prolifik (4 jenis klon). Kesemua klon yang digunakan adalah daripada
titisan sel yang berbeza. Sebanyak 25 kombinasi pencetus telah digunakan dalam analisis AFLP dan 13 daripada mereka
memberikan corak amplifikasi polimorfisme. Daripada hasil ini, sebanyak 44 cebisan polimorfik telah dipencilkan dengan
33 cebisan adalah bagi klon tidak prolifik, 1 cebisan bagi normal dan 10 cebisan bagi klon prolifik. Cebisan ini telah
diklon ke dalam plasmid, berjujukan dan seterusnya, analisis jujukan dijalankan. Sebanyak 36 cebisan polimorfik telah
digunakan bagi kajian seterusnya. Berdasarkan kepada jujukan yang diperoleh, sepasang pencetus yang khusus kepada
setiap cebisan telah dijana. Jangkaan julat saiz jalur DNA yang diamplifikasi bagi setiap pencetus adalah antara 70
hingga 500 bp. Pasangan pencetus yang optimum diuji ke atas 20 jenis klon kelapa sawit untuk mengesahkan penanda
yang telah dibina. Daripada 36 pasangan pencetus yang dibina, 2 pasang pencetus telah menunjukkan potensi untuk
digunakan sebagai penanda kepada kultur tisu kelapa sawit prolifik.
Distance vision, near vision and quality of life between preferred emmetropia and residual myopia in monofocal intraocular lens implantation- A Comparative study

Jaafar J, Siti-Khadijah AR, Shaharudin B, Azhany Y

Med J Malaysia, 2021 05;76(3):340-345.
PMID: 34031332

INTRODUCTION: This study was done to evaluate the visual acuity and quality of life in predicted emmetropia (EM) and predicted residual myopia (RM) patients following phacoemulsification with monofocal intraocular lens implantation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective comparative study was conducted in the ophthalmology clinic of the Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital, Kelantan, Malaysia. Overall, 139 patients with senile cataract were randomised into EM and RM groups. At three months post-operatively, patients were assessed for distance and near vision, as well as quality of life using a modified VF-14 questionnaire.
RESULTS: Thirty-six patients (64.3%) in the EM group and 30 patients (52.6%) in the RM group (p = 0.209) showed good distance vision (LogMAR 0.3 or better). Fifty patients (87.7%) in the RM group and 27 patients (48.2%) in the EM group gained significantly higher satisfactory near vision (p < 0.05). The quality of life in both groups was good, with a mean modified VF-14 score of 94.5 (SD 2.68) for the EM group and 95.1 (SD 3.19) for the RM group (p = 0.286). Female patients scored significantly higher than males for total activities (p = 0.010) and distance vision-related activities (p = 0.001). The RM group had significantly better patient satisfaction for near vision-related activities compared to the EM group (p = 0.001). In particular, the item 'reading small print' was significantly better in the RM group (p = 0.003).
CONCLUSION: Patients in the predicted RM group gained more satisfactory near vision than patients in the EM group, with significantly better quality of life for near vision activities.
Fulltext Individualizing Time-in-Range Goals in Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Role of Insulin: Clinical Insights From a Multinational Panel

Kalra S, Shaikh S, Priya G, Baruah MP, Verma A, Das AK, et al.

Diabetes Ther, 2021 Feb;12(2):465-485.
PMID: 33367983 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00973-0

Diabetes mellitus is a global health concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Inadequate control of diabetes leads to chronic complications and higher mortality rates, which emphasizes the importance of achieving glycemic targets. Although glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard for measuring glycemic control, it has several limitations. Therefore, in recent years, along with the emergence of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology, glycemic control modalities have moved beyond HbA1c. They encompass modern glucometrics, such as glycemic variability (GV) and time-in-range (TIR). The key advantage of these newer metrics over HbA1c is that they allow personalized diabetes management with person-centric glycemic control. Basal insulin analogues, especially second-generation basal insulins with properties such as longer duration of action and low risk of hypoglycemia, have demonstrated clinical benefits by reducing GV and improving TIR. Therefore, for more effective and accurate diabetes management, the development of an integrated approach with second-generation basal insulin and glucometrics involving GV and TIR is the need of the hour. With this objective, a multinational group of endocrinologists and diabetologists reviewed the existing recommendations on TIR, provided their clinical insights into the individualization of TIR targets, and elucidated on the role of the second-generation basal insulin analogues in addressing TIR.
Fulltext Correction to: Individualizing Time-in-Range Goals in Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Role of Insulin: Clinical Insights From a Multinational Panel

Kalra S, Shaikh S, Priya G, Baruah MP, Verma A, Das AK, et al.

Diabetes Ther, 2021 Sep;12(9):2627-2629.
PMID: 34363138 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01120-z