PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for AcriFlex 50CSE hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) opacification approximately 3 years after implantation.
SETTING: Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Patients who had AcriFlex 50CSE IOL implantation in 2005 and 2006 were identified from operating logbooks and recalled via telephone and letters. Opaque IOLs were explanted and sent for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
RESULTS: The review showed that 18 patients had died and 67 had declined examination or could not be contacted, leaving 239 eyes for evaluation. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 85 years. Of the patients, 83 (34.7%) were Malay, 127 (53.1%) Chinese, and 29 (12.1%) East Indian. The male:female ratio was 1:1. Fourteen eyes of 13 patients (5.4%) had IOL opacification; 1 had bilateral opacification. Five eyes had fine deposits, and 9 eyes had dense opaque deposits. Seven opaque IOLs required explantation. There was no correlation between age (P=.645), sex (P=.319), or race (P=.860) and IOL opacification. Pearson chi-square analysis showed a strong association between diabetes mellitus and IOL opacification (P=.019). Nine (69.2%) of the 13 patients with opacification had diabetes. Scanning electron microscopy and EDS showed calcium and phosphate deposits on the optic surface and intralenticularly near the anterior surface of the optic.
CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for AcriFlex hydrophilic acrylic IOL opacification. In some cases, opacification affected vision, necessitating explantation. The pathophysiology of this complication is unknown.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
To report a case of methylene blue related endophthalmitis. Observational case report. Review of clinical record, photographs. A 60 year old man developed endophthalmitis after methylene blue was accidentally used to stain the anterior capsule during phacoemulsification of cataract. His left visual acuity deteriorated from 6/12 to 6/36 two weeks after the operation. Despite intensive treatment with topical and intravitreal antibiotics, his condition deteriorated. A vitrectomy and silicone oil injection eventually managed to control the progression of the disease and salvage the eye. However the visual outcome remained poor due to corneal decompensation and retinal ischemia. Both vitreous tap and vitreous biopsy were negative for any organism. Methylene blue is extremely toxic to ocular structures and should not be used intraocularly.
This study aims to evaluate the practice of adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer at the Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. A retrospective analysis of 320 patients' records from 1986 to 1994 was carried out. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 98 patients. Cancers of the rectum and sigmoid colon constituted over 60% of the patients. All the regimes used were 5-fluorouracil-based. The oral route was the most commonly used (55.1%). Toxicity was seldom the reason for stopping treatment (2%). The adjuvant treatment employed has been tolerable while the survival was comparable with other centres.
The prevalence of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) has been reported to be lower in several Asian populations than in Caucasians. The risk factors for TAO that have been demonstrated in Caucasians have not been studied in Asian populations. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical features of TAO in a cohort of multiethnic Malaysian patients with Graves' disease (GD).
In this study, an improved dansyl-chloride derivatization technique using a microwave synthesizer was used for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of biogenic amine in the fresh meat samples. The derivatization technique was optimized in terms of temperature, reaction time, and spinning speed. The derivatization method together with a validated reversed-phase HPLC-DAD method was used for the determination of biogenic amines in chicken, beef, and mutton sold in the wet market. The results of the analyses showed that tryptamine, putrescine, and histamine were generally detected in all the three types of meat. Higher levels of histamine were found in chicken and beef. However, low levels of histamine were observed in mutton. Tyramine was either detected low or moderate in all the three types of meat. The biogenic amines of the fresh meat sold in the wet market is generally higher than the reported values. The mechanisms of biogenic amines-dansyl-chloride formation were investigated and proposed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The biogenic amine derivatization method was improved. The improved derivatization method can be potentially used for various food products beside meats for routine biogenic amine analyses due to its fast analysis time and simplicity. High levels of biogenic amines were generally found in the meat sold in the wet markets. However, proper handling of the raw meat can reduce the risk of infection.