Methodology: Sixty individuals were included in this study: OSCC (20), PMD (20) and Control (20). Immunohistochemistry assay was evaluated. The clinicopathological parameters were correlated with the staining intensity of cyclin D1. The results were subjected to Pearson's correlation test.
Results: Age, gender and site showed no statistically significant correlation with cyclin D1 expression in OSCC and PMD. The cyclin D1 score did not show a significant difference with histopathological diagnosis of OSCC. Cyclin D1 was not expressed in 60% of the Control and 30% PMD cases while the expression of cyclin D1 was seen in 100% of OSCC cases although cyclin D1 score did not show a statistically significant association in the prognosis of the disease among the OSCC patients.
Materials and Methods: Institutional ethical clearance was obtained. A total of 206 patients who reported to the Department of Hematology for blood investigations were the participants in this study. Age, sex, place, weight, height, dental fluorosis, and skeletal complaints were noted down. Body mass index was calculated, and statistical analysis was performed.
Results: Dental fluorosis was present in 63.1% and absent in 36.9% of the samples reported. Skeletal fluorosis was present in 24.8% and was absent in 75.2%. A large number of the patients had knee pain and difficulty in bending. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Skeletal fluorosis and age were compared and P value was 0.00 and was significant. Dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis were compared and P value was found to be 0.000 and significant.
Discussion and Conclusion: There is a need to take measures to prevent dental and skeletal fluorosis among the residents of Salem district. Calcium balance should be maintained, and fluoride intake should be minimized to reduce the symptoms. The government should provide water with low fluoride level for drinking and cooking. Once the symptoms develop, treatment largely remains symptomatic, using analgesics and physiotherapy.