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Fulltext Perineal myxoid liposarcomas: a case report and literature review

Ramasamy P, Md Nor A, Kamil NA, Harun N, Yusof MM, Md Hassan MZ

Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Oct;17(4):62-6.
PMID: 22135563 MyJurnal

Myxoid liposarcoma is the major subtype of liposarcoma and commonly presents in the extremities, particularly in the thigh. We introduce an unusual case of a myxoid liposarcoma presenting as a large perineal swelling occupying the para-rectal and para-anal spaces in a 49-year-old male patient. The diagnosis, management, and prognosis of myxoid liposarcoma are discussed. A literature review is performed for myxoid liposarcoma.
Streptococcus gallolyticus infection: A neglected marker for colorectal cancer?

Bin Ismail CMKH, Bin Mohammad Aidid E, Binti Hamzah HA, Bin Shalihin MSE, Bin Md Nor A

Arab J Gastroenterol, 2023 Aug;24(3):163-167.
PMID: 37156704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.002

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Malaysia and mostly detected at advanced stages due to lack of awareness of CRC symptoms and signs. CRC pathogenesis is multifactorial, and there is ambiguous evidence on association of Streptococcus gallolyticus infection with CRC that needs further attention. Thus, a case-control study was conducted to determine whether S. gallolyticus infection is a predictor for CRC occurrence among patients attending Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre@IIUM (SASMEC@IIUM).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 33 stool samples from patients diagnosed with CRC and 80 from patients without CRC attending surgical clinic of SASMEC@IIUM were collected and analyzed with iFOBT test and PCR assay to detect S. gallolyticus.
RESULTS: In this study, the proportion of S. gallolyticus infection was higher among patients with CRC (48.5%) compared with the control group (20%). Univariate analysis shows that occult blood in stool, S. gallolyticus infection and family history were significantly associated with the development of CRC (P
Risk of colorectal cancer due to Streptococcus gallolyticus: a systematic review

Mohammad Aidid E, Shalihin MSE, Md Nor A, Hamzah HA, Ab Hamid NF, Saipol Bahri NAN, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2023 May;78(3):404-410.
PMID: 37271851

INTRODUCTION: World Health Organization (2019) has declared colorectal cancer (CRC) as the second most common cancer in females and third in males, where the incidence seems to rise year by year. One of the very few potential pathogens specifically associated with malignant colonic diseases is Streptococcus gallolyticus (Sg). Sg is a part of the intestinal flora which formerly known as biotype I of Streptococcus bovis, belongs to Group D streptococci. Owing to only a few researches done in determining evidence to support Sg as a determinant of CRC, a systematic review is constructed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Full-text articles on case-control and cohort studies published from 1st January 2010 to 1st October 2020 were searched using Google Scholar, PubMed and JSTOR. People of all age groups and Sg bacteraemia or colonisation were the type of participant and exposure used for the search strategy, respectively. Data collection was done by three reviewers and checked by two reviewers for discrepancies. All the papers were critically appraised using the STROBE statement. Qualitative synthesis was done by descriptive comparison, distribution of Sg according to stage comparison, method used for Sg detection comparison and risk of bias comparison.
RESULT: Seven out of 11 articles that fulfil the eligibility criteria were selected. Four papers have low overall risk of bias due to low confounding or selection bias. Sg is found to be a risk factor for CRC from three papers studied, whereas the other four papers did not include the strength of association. Only two papers studied the association between the distribution of Sg and stages of CRC, where the results were contradictory from each other, making it to be inconclusive. The most common method used for Sg detection is a culturing technique, followed by molecular and biochemical techniques.
CONCLUSION: There is insufficient evidence to prove the association between Sg bacteraemia as the risk factor for CRC as well as the association between the Sg distribution and stages of CRC. Culturing technique is the most common method used for the detection of bacteria, but it requires subsequent investigations to confirm the presence of Sg. Thus, it is recommended that more studies need to be done using strong statistical analysis to control for most of the confounders with comprehensive explanation and use of more methods in the detection of Sg.
Potential of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase genotypes in personalizing 5-fluorouracil therapy among colorectal cancer patients

Teh LK, Hamzah S, Hashim H, Bannur Z, Zakaria ZA, Hasbullani Z, et al.

Ther Drug Monit, 2013 Oct;35(5):624-30.
PMID: 23942539 DOI: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e318290acd2

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is a pyrimidine catabolic enzyme involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of the catabolic pathway of toxic metabolites of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Several studies have reported that deficiency of DPD and polymorphisms of its gene are related to 5-FU toxicities and death. Association between serum concentration of 5-FU and its related toxicity has also been previously demonstrated. Hence, this study aims to understand the role of DPYD variants in serum level of 5-FU and the risk of developing toxicity to prevent adverse reactions and maximize therapy outcome for personalized medicine.